Krzeszów (Stryszawa)
| Krzeszów | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Lesser Poland | ||
| Powiat : | Sucha | ||
| Gmina : | Stryszawa | ||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 46 ' N , 19 ° 29' E | ||
| Height : | 420-580 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 1639 (2010) | ||
| Postal code : | 34-206 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 33 | ||
| License plate : | KSU | ||
Krzeszów is a village with a Schulzenamt of the municipality of Stryszawa in the powiat Suski of the Lesser Poland Voivodeship in Poland .
geography
The place is located in the Little Beskids on the Krzeszowski Potok brook in the inflow area of the Skawa , in the so-called Brama Krzeszowska (about Krzeszower Gate ), a small depression below a pass between the main part of the Little Beskids in the northwest (Leskowiec - 922 m) and the Żurawnica -Kamm (724 m) in the east. The neighboring towns are Tarnawa Górna in the north, Śleszowice in the northeast, Stryszawa in the southeast, Kuków in the southwest, and Targoszów in the west.
history
The place was probably founded by Żegota von Benkowicz after 1333, on the way from Mucharz and Zembrzyce to Żywiec . The village was first mentioned in 1355 as the parish of Cressow . Later it was also mentioned as Crzeschow / Crzeszow (1376), Krzeszaw (1394) and Krzessow (1498). The possessive name is derived from the personal name Krzesz with the suffix -ów. In the second half of the 14th century Jan Szaszko von Śleszowice was the owner, then it belonged to many families: Frydrychowski, Lanckoroński, Porębski, Komorowski (as part of the Sucha estate ), Wielopolski, Branicki (1843), Tarnowski (1922-1945 ).
Politically, the village originally belonged to the Duchy of Auschwitz , which existed from 1315 during the period of Polish particularism . Since 1327 the duchy existed as a feudal lordship of the Kingdom of Bohemia . Since 1445 it belonged to the Duchy of Zator , which was sold to the Polish king in 1494. Subsequently, the Duchy of Auschwitz-Zator was completely attached to the Kingdom of Poland in 1564, as the district of Silesia in the Krakow Voivodeship , and from 1569 in the Polish-Lithuanian aristocratic republic . Around 1600 the village had over 200 inhabitants and was one of the largest villages in the area , along with Zembrzyce and Stryszawa .
During the first partition of Poland in 1772 the village became part of the new Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria of the Habsburg Empire (from 1804). From 1782 it belonged to the Myslenice district (1819 with the seat in Wadowice ). After the abolition of patrimonial it formed a municipality in the judicial district of Wadowice in the Wadowice District after 1850 .
In 1918, after the end of the First World War and the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, Krzeszów became part of Poland. In 1923 the village was detached from the powiat Żywiecki and connected to the powiat Makowski , but after the protests of the local population, this administrative border shift was reversed in 1931.
After the occupation of Poland by the Wehrmacht in World War II it belonged to the district Saybusch the administrative district of Katowice in the province of Silesia (since 1941 province of Upper Silesia ). In 1939 the village had 2956 inhabitants. In the Saybusch campaign , 157 families and 831 Poles were forcibly evacuated from Krzeszów on October 8, 1940, in order to settle it with 26 ethnic German families and 142 Roman Catholics from Eastern Galicia and the Buchenland . The reduction of the population to 430, the complete Germanization and the renaming to Kressenbach were planned for the village, but not implemented before the end of the world war.
From 1975 to 1998 Krzeszów was part of the Bielsko-Biała Voivodeship .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Tomasz Jurek (editor): KRZESZÓW ( pl ) In: Słownik Historyczno-Geograficzny Ziem Polskich w Średniowieczu. Edycja elektroniczna . PAN . 2010-2016. Retrieved April 22, 2019.
- ↑ Kazimierz Rymut , Barbara Czopek-Kopciuch: Nazwy miejscowe Polski: historia, pochodzenie, zmiany . 5 (Ko-Ky). Polska Akademia Nauk . Instytut Języka Polskiego, Kraków 2003, p. 395 (Polish, online ).
- ↑ Radosław TRUS: Beskid Mały. Przewodnik . Oficyna Wydawnicza "Rewasz", Pruszków 2008, ISBN 978-83-8918877-9 , p. 278 (Polish).
- ^ Henryk Rutkowski (editor), Krzysztof Chłapkowski: Województwo krakowskie w drugiej połowie XVI wieku; Cz. 2, Komentarz, indeksy . Institute of History of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 2008, p. 71-75 (Polish, online ).
- ↑ Mirosław Sikora: Niszczyć, by tworzyć. Germanizacja Żywiecczyznyprzez narodowosocjalistyczne Niemcy 1939–1944 / 45 [Destroying to Create. The Germanization of the Zywiec District by National Socialist Germany 1939–1944 / 45] . Oddział Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej - Komisji Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu w Katowicach, Tarnowskie Góry 2010, ISBN 978-83-7629-229-8 , p. 223, 254, 358, 377, 513, 615, 619 (Polish, online ).
- ↑ Dz.U. 1975 no 17 poz. 92 (Polish) (PDF file; 783 kB)
