Kundratice (Vysoká Pec)
Kundratice (German Kunnersdorf ) is a desert in the area of the municipality Vysoká Pec in the Czech Republic . The village was two kilometers east of Vysoká Pec and belonged to the Okres Chomutov . In its place is now the open-cast mine area of the Důl Československé armády colliery. The cadastral district has an area of 459.728 hectares.
geography
Kundratice was located south of the Ore Mountains in the North Bohemian Basin in 270 m nm. The place extended over two kilometers from west to east along the Kundratický potok ( village stream ) to the lake meadow near Dřínov . In the middle of the village Kundratice was crossed by the Děčín – Chomutov railway . To the north rise the Jedlová ( Tannich , 853 m), Tereziína vyhlídka ( Theresiensitz ), Jezerka ( Seeberg , 706 m) with the remains of the Žeberk Castle and the Janský vrch ( Johannisberg , 739 m). To the northeast lies Jezeří Castle ( Eisenberg ). To the west rises the Mufloní pahorek (466 m) and in the northwest the Dubina (655 m).
Surrounding places were Boudy and Červená Jáma in the north, Jezeří and Albrechtice in the northeast, Dřínov in the east, Ervěnice in the southeast, Nové Sedlo and Kyjice in the south, Újezd, Jirkov and Červený Hrádek in the southwest and Vysoká Pec and Podhůří in the west.
history
During archaeological investigations in 1972, the remains of two medieval water festivals from the 13th and 14th centuries were uncovered on the island in the pond of the Trapschugmühle. The older of these was a wooden tower with a stone fortification that had been destroyed by fire. The construction served as one of the reference points for the Wothanburg, which was built in 1999 . In place of the burned-down structure, a new fortress made of masonry with a square tower was later built, which was under the suzerainty of Neu Seeberg Castle and was again destroyed by fire.
The first written mention of the village of Cunersdorf , which belonged to the rulership of Neu Seeberg, was in 1383, when Otto von Bergow sold his castles Alt Seeberg and Neu Seeberg am Thimo von Colditz . In 1395 the Lords of Colditz pledged Neu Seeberg with all accessories to Albrecht von Leisnig . After further changes of ownership, Cunnersdorf was added to Bořek Castle ( Rothenhaus ) around 1420, although it did not remain there permanently. In 1514, Cunnersdorf belonged to the possessions of Lorenz Glatz von Altenhof on Rothenhaus, after whose death the rulership of Rothenhaus passed to his son-in-law Sebastian Krabitz von Weitmühl . In 1549 the village was referred to as Khynersdorff and six years later as Khunnesdorff . Christoph von Carlowitz , who had held Rothenhaus as a pledge since 1554, bequeathed the rule to his nephews Rudolf and Georg von Carlowitz in 1578 . When Rudolf von Carlowitz sold the villages of Kunnersdorf, Schönberg and Ojes to Katharina Rubinin von Lwowitz on Seestadtl in 1579 , a dispute arose with his cousin Georg, who objected to the sale. Kunnersdorf and Ojes belonged again to Rothenhaus at the end of the 16th century. The mining of alum shale began in the 16th century . To the north of Kunnersdorf an alum smelter was operated, in which the slate extracted from Tschernitz was also processed. When the Rothenhaus estate was sold out in 1605, Kunnersdorf became subservient to Seestadtl. After the Battle of White Mountain , the goods of Bohuslav the Elder were sold. J. von Michalovice and in 1622 to Wilhelm the Elder. J. Popel von Lobkowitz sold. In 1623 he established the unified rule Neundorf an der Biele-Seeberg.
In the 17th century, brown coal was used instead of wood for the high fuel requirements of the alum smelter. The mining took place in an open pit between Schimberg and Kunnersdorf. The Kunnersdorf alum slate mining was stopped during this time and the smelter moved the better slate from Tschernitz . In return, Tschernitz was supplied with Kunnersdorfer coal. In 1612 the solution was evaporated in four lead pans in the alum smelter. At the Kunnersdorfer shafts at the Alaunhütte, six miners' houses were built around 1750; the settlement was called Auf der Hütte . The alum slate mining near Tschernitz ended in 1786, at the same time the Kunnersdorf alum smelter was shut down. At the beginning of the 19th century, school lessons began in Kunnersdorf, previously they took place in Schimberg and Neundorf. A new schoolhouse was inaugurated in 1812. Ferdinand von Lobkowicz had a chapel built in Kunnersdorf between 1832 and 1833. In 1842 there were 22 buildings around the Carl-Schacht of the Carolus-Zeche union in the “Auf der Hütte” estate. In 1843 Kunnersdorf consisted of 80 houses and had 547 inhabitants. Three mills were operated in the village, of which the Trapschug mill was the largest. While the other two mills got their water from the village brook, the large pond of the Trapschugmühle was fed by the Eisenberg forest brook ( Vesnický potok ). With the construction of the district road from Brüx to Komotau , which led along the Dorfbach through Kunnersdorf, the village gained an important traffic connection.
After the abolition of patrimonial Kunnersdorf / Kundratice formed from 1850 with the district Hütte / Hutě a municipality in the judicial district of Görkau and in the district of Komotau . Between 1869 and 1880 Kunnersdorf was part of the municipality of Neundorf an der Biele. The Johannes colliery belonging to the Peithner family was one of the largest mines in the Görkau area in the 1860s . It was shut down after 1870 as a result of the economic crisis. In 1873 the Dux-Bodenbacher Eisenbahn put the Bodenbach-Komotau railway into operation. The train passed through Kunnersdorf, but stopped only one and a half kilometers south at the Neundorf train station in the open field. In 1884 the Eisenberg / Bartelsdorf station was built north of Kunnersdorf near Bartelsdorf.
Between 1891 and 1892, the Teplitz spinning and dyeing mills, the brothers Martin and Theodor Grohmann , began mining lignite in the corridors of Kunnersdorf, Schimberg, Hohenofen , Türmaul and Bartelsdorf . The Grohmann shaft was sunk near Bartelsdorf in 1893. In the direction of Seestadtl, the Ellyschacht and Robertschacht mines were built. Around 1900 a second Grohmann shaft was sunk and the "Grohmann shaft" ( důl Grohmann ) colliery developed into the largest mining company in the Komotau district.
Other companies in Kunnersdorf were two sawmills, a cheese dairy and two vinegar factories. The owners of the Hofer vinegar factory in Hütte were descendants of Andreas Hofer . Between 1902 and 1904 the Eisenberg dam was built in the forest above Hütte . The drinking water dam was later named “Moritz dam” in honor of Moritz von Lobkowitz, who had it built. The chapel in the lower village was redesigned in 1918 as a memorial chapel for the victims of the First World War. In 1920 Ernst and Josef Schwab founded the ESKU company, which manufactured steel razor blades. In 1921 there were 1414 inhabitants 124 Czechs. In 1925 the church of the Virgin Mary was consecrated in Kunnersdorf as a branch church of Neundorf. Between 1928 and 1938, numerous new houses were built in the Hütte district, and Hütte became the miners' district of Kunnersdorf. In 1930 there were 1519 Germans, 213 Czechs and 28 foreigners living in Kunnersdorf. On May 15, 1933, the new “Kunnersdorf-Schimberg” train station was inaugurated on the Bodenbach-Komotau railway line in Kunnersdorf. On September 9, 1934, the church received an organ that the church building association had bought from the Dubitz church . In the year after the Munich Agreement , the municipality was added to the German Reich in 1938 and belonged to the Komotau district until 1945 . In 1939 Kunnersdorf had 1,868 inhabitants. A house was damaged in a bombing raid on August 24, 1944. After the Second World War, the place came back to Czechoslovakia and the German residents were expelled . In 1950 the district Hutě was renamed Boudy. Repatriates from France moved to 20 houses in Boudy . T. French spouses brought with them. The settlement was popularly known as "Little France" ( Malá Francie ). The “Grohmannschächte” ( důl Grohmann ) colliery was renamed “Grube Marschall Konew” ( důl Maršal Koněv ).
On January 20, 1969, the Jezerka nature reserve was created north of the village. Since the 1960s, the lignite mining was moving towards the village. The number of inhabitants fell sharply. At the beginning of the 1970s the village was dissolved. On June 30, 1974, the Kundratice community went out and its corridors were closed to Vysoká Pec. Kundratice was completely dredged.
Development of the population
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Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi/677167/Kundratice-u-Chomutova
- ↑ Historický lexikon obcí České republiky - 1869-2015. Český statistický úřad, December 18, 2015, accessed on February 17, 2016 (Czech).
Web links
- Kundratice on the website of Vysoká Pec
- German website about Kunnersdorf
- Kundratice on zanikleobce.cz
Coordinates: 50 ° 32 ' N , 13 ° 30' E