Lengarica

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Lengarica
Lengaricë, Lumi i Lengaricës
River valley with construction site above the gorge, looking west with Nemërçka in the background

River valley with construction site above the gorge, looking west with Nemërçka in the background

Data
location South albania
River system Vjosa
Drain over Vjosa  → Adriatic Sea
source On the western slope of the Maja Kamenik as Mollza brook, approximately at
40 ° 9 ′ 0 ″  N , 20 ° 36 ′ 0 ″  E
Source height approx.  1500  m above sea level A.
muzzle at Petran in the Vjosa coordinates: 40 ° 12 ′ 29 ″  N , 20 ° 25 ′ 8 ″  E 40 ° 12 ′ 29 ″  N , 20 ° 25 ′ 8 ″  E
Mouth height 250.9  m
Height difference approx. 1,249.1 m
Bottom slope approx. 34 ‰
length 36.8 km
Catchment area 337.1 km²
Discharge at the Ura e Kadiut
A Eo gauge : 295 km²
Location: 5.5 km above the mouth 		MNQ 1977-1991
MQ 1977-1991
Mq 1977-1991
 MHQ 1977-1991
 900 l / s
4.9 m³ / s
16.6 l / (s km²)
 7.86 m³ / s
Small towns Petran
Communities Kolonja , Përmet
In the canyon

In the canyon

The Lengarica [ lɛnɡaɾiʦa ] ( Albanian  also  Lengaricë [ lɛnɡaɾiʦə ]) is a river in southern Albania . It flows into the Vjosa from the east at Petran , around five kilometers south of Përmet . The river is 36.8 kilometers long and drains an area of ​​337 square kilometers, including parts of the Dangellia hills and mountains and the foothills of the Pindos Mountains .

There are several attractions along the Lengarica: the extremely narrow Lengarica Gorge, the thermal springs of Bënja, the Ottoman stone bridge Ura e Kadiut and caves, including the Shpella e Pëllumbave . On the river is the Lengarica power plant , which has been under construction since 2011 and is scheduled to go into operation in 2015. [outdated]

course

Upper course

The Lengarica arises from several source streams in the south of Kolonja , which drain the south-western slopes of the Gramoz mountain range . The main arm, also known as the Mollza Bach , rises at an altitude of around 1500  m above sea level. A. on the western slope of the Maja Kamenik ( 2044  m above sea level ), the southernmost peak of the Gramoz on the Greek- Albanian border. In the further course to the northwest, the source brook takes on other brooks, especially from the right, such as the Arrza brook and the Barmash brook , and is also referred to as the Om brook or the Poda brook . The road from Erseka to Leskovik crosses all of the larger source streams coming down from the Gramoz, and smaller passes in between. To the north lies the Kolonja Basin, which is drained by the Osum .

Middle course

The Lengarica, which runs parallel to the Vjosa to the northwest in the upper reaches, gradually turns to the west after the Barmash brook has been absorbed . From here on it will be consistently referred to by this name. From the south it first takes in the Peshtanica coming from Postenan ( 1553  m above sea level ) , later from the north the Goshtivisht , which drains a larger area south of Frashër .

Lengarica Gorge

The Lengarica then breaks through the Postenan-Melesin ridge, consisting of flysch and, further down, of limestone , a southern continuation of the Tomorr ridge . This breakthrough is part of the Hotova-Dangell National Park .

“The lime core of the Antikline is still largely covered by Flysche. Its elevation as well as its exposure have only just begun. This is also shown by the conditions in the Lengatica valley, which flows into the Vijosë above Prëmet. Here limes suddenly appear under the covering flysch on the slope, which the river breaks through in an inaccessible gorge more than 3 km long. "

- Herbert Louis

The Lengarica Gorge (Alb. Kanioni i Lengaricës ) is an extremely narrow gorge , around four kilometers long and up to 100 meters deep. At its narrowest point it is almost 3 meters wide at water level when the water is low.

There are several caves in the gorge. In one of them traces of prehistoric inhabitants from the Copper Age were found , but Illyrians also used them.

The gorge can be in ideal water conditions in the spring with canoes traveled. In summer when the water is very low, the gorge can also be waded through.

Lower course

Directly below the gorge are the thermal springs of Bënja and a historic arch bridge from the 18th century. It once served as a crossing on the caravan route to Voskopoja .

After the gorge the valley widens. The Lengarica flows through a wide gravel bed towards the Vjosa. A new bridge was built across the river in this area. At Petran, shortly after a bridge, it joins the Vjosa on the right.

The power plant is currently being built in the area of ​​the gorge and lower reaches. The project provides for water to be taken from the river above the Lengarica Gorge , around the gorge through a four-kilometer tunnel, which can also be used as a reservoir for a short time, and then in a four-kilometer culvert and a pressure pipe the nacelle to direct in Petran. A height difference of 148 meters is used. The construction is not intended to affect the gorge or the thermal springs at its end, but resistance from the local population and environmental activists nonetheless arose. A residual water of at least 200 liters per second should remain in the river.

Water flow

The flow of the river fluctuates greatly over the course of the year. In September the value at the Ura e Kadiut drops to 0.9 cubic meters per second. In January, however, the average (1977–1992) was 7.86 cubic meters per second, and the annual average was 4.9 cubic meters per second. In the case of a flood of the century, 200 cubic meters per second are calculated.

fauna

In the Lengarica, the tailor (Alburnoides bipunctatus) , the brook loach (Noemacheilus barbatulus) and the blue- banded harlequin (Pseudorasbora parva) have been found to be common. Also Barbe (Barbus barbus) and rarely hazel (Leuciscus leuciscus) and eel (Anguilla anguilla) are found. Among the amphibians, the Greek frog (Rana graeca) and the Balkan water frog (Rana balcanica) are native to the river.

The Lengarica Gorge is one of the few places in Albania where the Bechstein's bat has been detected in recent years .

Bënja thermal springs

Large basin of one of the springs on the left bank of the river

The six thermal springs in Bënja have a water temperature of up to 30 ° C. Four of them are said to have healing powers, for example for problems with the stomach, rheumatism or the skin. The baths consist of simple, unprotected natural stone pools.

With an output of over 160 liters per second, the thermal springs of Bënja are the richest in water in the country. The water contains hydrogen carbonates , sulphates , sodium chloride , calcium and hydrogen sulphide . It belongs to the geological Kruja zone , which stretches from Kruja to beyond the Greek border and contains various thermal springs.

The sources were already known in Roman times. In the communist era, there was a beach tourism in Bënja of a few hundred people per year. Today there are plans to build a bathing infrastructure and to make the other sights in the river valley and in the surrounding villages more accessible.

Web links

Commons : Lengarica  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Albanian military map 1: 50,000 "K-34-138-A". 2nd edition, Tirana 1982
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Augustin u. Magdalena Cara: Report - Updating the Social and Envoronmental Impact Assessment of Lengarica Small Hydro Power Plant (SHPP) at Prefecture Gjirokastra, Albania. (PDF; 3.5 MB) (No longer available online.) June 28, 2011, archived from the original on May 3, 2014 ; accessed on May 3, 2014 .
  3. ↑ a b Lengarica & Energy sh.pk: Component Project Activities Design Document. (PDF) Small Hydropower PoA in Albania and Serbia- Lengarica Hydropower Project. In: United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change - Clean Development Mechanism. May 3, 2012, accessed May 4, 2014 .
  4. ↑ a b Akademia e Shkencave e RPSSH (ed.): Gjeografia fizike e Shqipërisë . tape  2 : Vështrim fiziko-gjeografik krahinor. Tirana 1991.
  5. ↑ a b Herbert Louis: Albania - a study of the country mainly due to personal travels . Published by J. Engelhorn's successors in Stuttgart, Berlin 1927, p. 77 f .
  6. ↑ a b Eva Konzett, Kamil Kowalcze: Stream from the wild river. (No longer available online.) In: WirtschaftsBlatt. January 8, 2015; Archived from the original on January 10, 2015 ; accessed on January 17, 2015 .
  7. ↑ a b Otto Kaufhold (Ed.): DKV Foreign Guide Southeast Europe . 4th edition. tape 5 . DKV-Verlag, Duisburg 2012, ISBN 978-3-937743-19-6 , p. 52 f .
  8. ↑ a b User: malenki : Banjat e Benjës: Lengarice Canyon - Hike Albania 2013. Retrieved on May 4, 2014 .
  9. ↑ Guntram Koch : DuMont Art Travel Guide Albania . DuMont, Cologne 1989, ISBN 3-7701-2079-5 .
  10. ↑ a b Selfo Oruçi: Bio-Ecological Data on Amphibians of Thermal Water of Permeti Area (South Albania) . Ohrid / Gjirokastra May 29, 2010 ( Abstract [PDF; accessed March 21, 2020]).
  11. ↑ Kayak in Lengarica Canyon from Outdoor Albania on YouTube
  12. ↑ Shtegtim ne kanionet e Langarices on YouTube
  13. ↑ Photo at OpenStreetView. Retrieved May 7, 2014 .
  14. ^ ERM: Environmental and Social Action and Monitoring, Lengarica Small Hydro Power Plant, Albania. (PDF) In: Enso Hydro. May 11, 2012, accessed May 4, 2014 .
  15. ↑ Ilir Mati: Kanioni i Langaricës, 2 HEC-e me leje qeverie po e shkatërrojnë. (No longer available online.) In: Shqiptarja.com. August 28, 2013, archived from the original on May 4, 2014 ; Retrieved May 4, 2014 (Albanian).
  16. ↑ Philippe Theou, Marina Djurovic: Bechstein's bat Myotis bechsteinii (Kuhl, 1817) in South Western Balkans: First record for Montenegro and additional data for Albania . In: Ecologica Montenegrina . Volume 2, No. 3 , April 8, 2015, ISSN  2336-9744 ( article online (PDF) [accessed April 8, 2015]).
  17. ↑ a b c Alfred Frashëri, Vladimir Çermak (ed.): Atlas i burimeve të energjisë gjeotermale në Shqipëri . Faketi i Gjeologjisë dhe i Minierave, Tirana 2004.
  18. ↑ Natural Thermal Water of Benje from Shtegtim Official on YouTube
  19. ^ Rüdiger Pier: Tourism . In: Klaus-Detlev Grothusen (Hrsg.): Albanien (=  Südosteuropa-Handbuch ). tape VII . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1993, ISBN 3-525-36207-2 , pp. 417-427 .
  20. ↑ a b Plani i Zhvillimit të Turizmit - Komuna Petran. (PDF) (No longer available online.) In: Fondi Shqiptar i Zhvillimit. June 2009, archived from the original on May 4, 2014 ; Retrieved May 4, 2014 (Albanian).