List of Chinese shipwrecks
This is a list of Chinese shipwrecks and the sites where they were discovered. It includes archaeologically significant shipwrecks of the Chinese culture , as far as the ship or cargo is concerned. It also records some non-Chinese ships with Chinese cultural property as cargo.
The name component Jiao ( Chinese 礁 , Pinyin jiāo ) in the Chinese geographical names means “ reef ” or “ cliff ”, Dao ( 島 / 岛 , dǎo ) “ island ”. Contrary to the official Chinese spelling, the usual names of the wrecks are usually written together.
Table overview
| Name, type of ship | time | Find | Salvage | Find quantity / type | Location | Find depth [m] |
province | Country | Marine region | annotation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beijiao No. 6 | Ming (14th / 17th century) | 2007 | Coins | North Reef / Bei Jiao , Xisha Islands | Hainan | People's Republic of China | South China. sea | |||
| Beijiao No. 7 | Ming (14th / 17th century) | 2007 | porcelain | North Reef / Bei Jiao , Xisha Islands | Hainan | People's Republic of China | South China. sea | |||
| Beijiao No. 8 | 2007 | Stone blocks | North Reef / Bei Jiao , Xisha Islands | Hainan | People's Republic of China | South China. sea | ||||
| Beijiao No. 9 | 2007 | porcelain | North Reef / Bei Jiao , Xisha Islands | Hainan | People's Republic of China | South China. sea | ||||
| Belitung Wreck (Batu Hitam) , Dau | Tang , around 830 | 1998 | Walterfang / Seabed 1999 ff (cargo) | 60,000 pieces (porcelain, etc.) | 1 km before Belitung ⊙ | 16 | Bangka Belitung | Indonesia | Karimata Street ( Gaspar Street ) | Find closed at the ArtScience Museum Singapore |
| Bin Thuan wreck (Junk I Sin Ho ?) | Ming , ca.1608 | 2001 | Flecker et al. 2004 (charge) | 20,000 pieces (porcelain from Zhangzhou) | 65 km off the coast of Bình Thuận | 41 | Bình Thuận | Vietnam | South China. sea | |
| Ca Mau wreck | Qing - Yongzheng , around 1725 | 1998 | Vietnamese Authorities, 1998-99 (Summons) | 130,000 pieces (porcelain, earthenware, etc.) | 200 km south of Cape Cà Mau | 450 | Cà Mau | Vietnam | South China. sea | |
| Cirebon wreck , indones. | Five dynasty. / North. Song (2nd half of the 10th century) | 2003 | 2004-05 | 300,000 pieces (porcelain, also non-Chinese goods) | Java lake, 200 km. before Cirebon ( Java ) | 56 | - | Indonesia | Java lake | |
| Daliandao No. 1 | Yuan (13th / 14th century) | NMC 2007 | Dalian Dao near Dalian (Pingtan) | Fuzhou | People's Republic of China | South China. sea | ||||
| Geldermalsen , Dutch East Indiaman | Qing - Qianlong , before 1752 | 1984 | Hatcher 1984–1986 (charge) | 150,000 pieces (porcelain, gold) | Geldria's Droogte , Riau Archipelago off Singapore | Johor | Malaysia | South China. sea | ||
| Huaguangjiao No. 1 | South. Song (12th / 13th century) | 1996 | NMC / Zhang 2007 (partly looted) | 10,000 pieces (porcelain, earthenware, etc.) | Discovery Reef / Huaguang Jiao , Xisha Islands | 3 | Hainan | People's Republic of China | South China. sea | |
| Huaguangjiao No. 2 | Ming (14th / 17th century) | 2007 | porcelain | Discovery Reef / Huaguang Jiao , Xisha Islands | Hainan | People's Republic of China | South China. sea | |||
| Huaguangjiao No. 3 | Song (10th / 13th century) | 2007 | porcelain | Discovery Reef / Huaguang Jiao , Xisha Islands | Hainan | People's Republic of China | South China. sea | |||
| Huaguangjiao No. 4 | Song (10th / 13th century) | 2007 | porcelain | Discovery Reef / Huaguang Jiao , Xisha Islands | Hainan | People's Republic of China | South China. sea | |||
| Intan wreck , arab. or Indian | Five Dynasties (around 920) | around 1997 | Flecker & Walterfang / Seabed 2004 (cargo, partly looted) | 8,000 pieces (ceramics, also non-Chinese goods) | Java lake south of Belitung | - | Indonesia | Java lake | ||
| Nanhai No. 1 | Song (10th / 13th century) | 1987 | NMC / Zhang 2007 (complete) | 50,000–70,000 pieces (porcelain, etc.) | Yangjiang | 20th | Guangdong | People's Republic of China | South China. sea | Museum of the Ship in Yangjiang |
| Nan'ao No. 1 (formerly Nanhai No. 2) | Ming - Wanli , before 1620 | 1987 | NMC / GDWHT 2010 ff (some 1000 pieces, complete recovery planned) | > 1 million pieces (porcelain, coins, iron, copper, etc.) | Banchao Jiao (半 潮 礁 'Half-Tide Reef', 三点 金), Shantou | 27 | Guangdong | People's Republic of China | South China. sea | China's top ten |
| Tek Sing , junk | Qing - Daoguang , around 1800 | 1999 | Hatcher 1999 (part of the cargo, rest destroyed) | 950,000 pcs. (Porcelain etc.) | Belvidere Reef, Belitung ⊙ | 30th | Bangka Belitung | Indonesia | Karimata Street ( Gaspar Street ) | 350,000 pieces recovered, another 600,000 pieces willfully destroyed |
| Vung Tau wreck , Lorcha | Qing - Kangxi , ca.1690 | 1989 | Flecker 1990–1992 (charge) | 60,000 pieces (48,000 pieces porcelain) | Hòn Cau ⊙ , Côn Đảo , 200 km south of Vũng Tàu | 40 | Bà Rịa- Vũng Tau | Vietnam | South China. sea | |
| Wanjiao No. 1 | Qing - Kangxi , around 1700 | 2005 | NMC 2005 (charge) | porcelain | Wan Jiao at Yutou (Pingtan) | Fuzhou | People's Republic of China | South China. sea | ||
| Yuzhuojiao No. 1 | Song (10th / 13th century) | 2007 | porcelain | Vuladdore Reef / Yuzhuo Jiao , Xisha Islands | Hainan | People's Republic of China | South China. sea | |||
| Yuzhuojiao No. 2 | Ming (14th / 17th century) | 2007 | porcelain | Vuladdore Reef / Yuzhuo Jiao , Xisha Islands | Hainan | People's Republic of China | South China. sea | |||
| Yuzhuojiao No. 3 | 2007 | Ivory and stone blocks | Vuladdore Reef / Yuzhuo Jiao , Xisha Islands | Hainan | People's Republic of China | South China. sea |
literature
- Jeremy Green (Ed.): Maritime Archeology in the People's Republic of China (PDF; 5.8 MB) . 1997
- Zhang Wei (Archaeologist) (Ed.): The Xisha Islands Underwater Archeology Project Report . Underwater Archeology Research Office, National Museum of Chinese History and the Cultural Heritage Administrative Office of Hainan Province, 2005. ISBN 7-03-016108-4 . (Review: Xi Sha Islands shipwreck sites , PDF, 277 kB).
- Peter Dittmar: Porcelain from the sea floor . In: Welt am Sonntag 2, January 14, 2007. ( online , PDF, 332 kB),
Web links
- Shipwrecks with Ceramics cargo found in Southeast Asia. koh-antique.com - with a map of the entire South China Sea; and Chronology and Significance of the shipwrecks
Research and find characteristics:
- John Guy: Asian Ceramics in Production and Trade in Southeast Asia's 'Age of Empires'. seaceramic.org.sg, undated - with a detailed list of literature
- Archeology and the South China Sea: A new maritime archeology vessel is another component in China's strategy for the South China Sea. Andrew S. Erickson, Kevin Bond, thediplomat.com, July 20, 2015 - Current status of the protection of submarine cultural assets.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Another 10 Relics Sites Discovered off Xisha Islands . ( Memento of the original from January 19, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. chinaculture.org, 2007
- ^ The Belitung (Tang) Shipwreck (9th C.) , maritime-explorations.com; Treasure hunt in Sindbad's footsteps , documentation, Francis Smith, USA, 2009; The Belitung (Tang) Cargo and Early Asian Ceramic Trade , Transactions of the Oriental Ceramic Society , 2001-2002, Vol. 66, pp. 13-27 .; → en: Belitung shipwreck
- ↑ The Binh Thuan Shipwreck (c. 1608). maritime-explorations.com, accessed February 1, 2016.
- ↑ Precious items recovered from shipwreck near Xisha Islands. Radio China (CRIonline), May 18, 2007.
- ↑ Zhangzhou wares from the Nan Ao Number 1 (南澳 一号) shipwreck , koh-antique.com; → zh: 南澳 一号 , Chinese Wikipedia
- ^ Guangdong Antique Archeology Institute
- ↑ Vung Tau Shipwreck (c. 1690). maritime-explorations.com, accessed February 1, 2016.
