Los Alcázares

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Los Alcázares municipality
coat of arms Map of Spain
Los Alcázares coat of arms
Los Alcázares (Spain)
Finland road sign 311 (1994-2020) .svg
Basic data
Autonomous Community : Murcia
Province : Murcia
Comarca : Comarca del Mar Menor
Coordinates 37 ° 45 ′  N , 0 ° 51 ′  W Coordinates: 37 ° 45 ′  N , 0 ° 51 ′  W
Height : 585  msnm
Area : 19.82 km²
Residents : 16,138 (Jan 1, 2019)
Population density : 814.23 inhabitants / km²
Postal code : 30710
Municipality number  ( INE ): 30902

Los Alcázares is a Spanish municipality in the province of Murcia . It belongs to the municipality of Comarca del Mar Menor and covers an area of ​​20 km², had 16,138 inhabitants in 2019 and is located at an altitude of 6 m above sea level , east of Cartagena (Spain) , approx. 20 km away from the provincial capital. The Mar Menor , a large lagoon, is the characteristic element of the landscape and has given the whole comarca its name. The community has existed in its current form since 1983.

geography

The municipality lies in the plain of the so-called Campo de Cartagena and stretches 9 km along the banks of the Mar Menor. The Paseo Marítimo extends over five kilometers . The Rambla de El Albujón irrigation system also partially runs through the municipality. The municipality is divided into three parts:

  • Núcleo de Población at Los Narejos ;
  • Zona militar with the Los Alcázares military base
  • Área industrial , an industrial area.
Neighboring municipalities

Nature reserves

Los Alcázares has two important nature reserves in its municipal area, the Espacios abiertos e islas del Mar Menor , which are designated as a natural park , Lugar de Importancia Comunitaria (LIC according to EC Rl 92/43 ) and Zona de Especial Protección para las Aves (ZEPA) are.

  • The Playa de la Hita is located in the north of the community on the shores of the Mar Menor. The protected area extends to the municipality of San Javier and consists mainly of a wetland with large reed stands and a number and species-rich bird life, among other stilt (cigüeñuelas), terns (charrancito), reed warbler (carricero) and heron (garza real) .
  • The Marina del Carmolí is located in the south of the municipality and also on the banks of the Mar Menor. The reserve also extends to the municipality of Cartagena and consists largely of a salt marsh north of Cerro del Carmolí . The vegetation is adapted to the high salt concentration in the soil. Halophytes such as Suaeda vera (shrubby sod, Spanish sosa), Sarcocornia fruticosa (Spanish Salicornia), Spanish sea ​​lavender ( Limonium cossonianum , Spanish lechuga de mar), and in drier areas esparto grass ( Lygeum spartum , Spanish albardín) and bluish sea ​​lavender ( Limonium cesium , Span. Siempreviva morada) are the determining plant species and the ecological region is known as the Iberian salt steppe (Estepas ibéricas, estepas salinas). The endangered Spanish Parrot ( Aphanius iberus , Spanish Fartet) occurs in the ponds .

history

The name of the community goes back to an Arabic word ( al-Kazar , القصر) meaning castle or fortress.

Visigothic chapter from Los Alcázares, in the Museo de Arqueología de Murcia .

The oldest human settlement remains date from Roman times. The ruins were declared a Monumento Nacional in 1931 and some finds are exhibited in the Museo Arqueológico de Murcia . The remains of a larger villa with thermal baths have been found. The settlement continued in the Moorish times. During this time a fortified settlement was built near the Roman thermal baths. Obviously the very salty water of the MAr Menor was used for therapeutic purposes during the whole time and wealthy guests and nobles from all over Spain came regularly to seek healing.

Torre del Rame , ancient fortification against attacks by the barbarian pirates.

At the end of the Middle Ages a number of coastal watchtowers ( Torres de vigilancia costera ) were built to keep the barbarian corsairs away . Today the towers Rame , Silva , Blanca , Negro & Saavedra are still standing .

At the end of the 19th century, a whole series of summer residences with characteristic wooden bathhouses (balnearios), as well as the Hotel Balneario de la Encarnación (1905) were built on the banks of the Menor . Los Alcázares became a health resort for the rising bourgeoisie . In addition, an important hub for goods and fisheries developed and in 1915 the first landing pad for seaplanes of the Spanish Army (Base de Hidroaviones del Ejército) was set up, which is still in use today. After a long process, the Consejo de Estado finally decided on July 14, 1983 to introduce Decreto 77/1983 and to create the municipality of Ayuntamiento de Los Alcázares . Parts of Torre-Pacheco and San Javier were separated and put together. This meant an important recognition of the population development.

Together with other communities in the Campo de Cartagena , it was included in the Comarca del Mar Menor created in 1982 ,

Centro de Alto Rendimiento (CAR); Los Narejos

The high performance center Centro de Alto Rendimiento "Infanta Cristina" MAR MENOR. CAR near Los Narejos , a district of Los Alcázares, is a sports center used by various clubs as a training facility for competitions. Major water sports competitions are held in Los Alcazares every year.

Gastronomía

The local gastronomy is characterized by the use of fish from the Mar Menor. The typical dish is the caldero , a rice and fish soup, which gets its name from the cookware, the caldero , a round pot with two handles. There are also many dishes that are typical of Murcia, such as michirones (beans with bacon) or zarangollo (scrambled eggs with vegetables). Bream (Dorado), Flathead Gray Mullet (mújol) and lobsters from the Mar Menor are very much appreciated. Often pastel de cierva (pies) and tocino de cielo (pudding) are served with it.

Tourist attractions

beaches
Playa de Las Palmeras.
Manzanares Beach
Festivals

The young city has established a number of festivals that are already known nationwide:

  • Semana Internacional de la Huerta y el Mar
  • Las Fiestas de la Mar
  • The foundation festival of self-employment ( El Aniversario de la Independencia Municipal )
  • El día del Caldero .

Town twinning

Individual evidence

  1. Cifras oficiales de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal a 1 de enero . Population statistics from the Instituto Nacional de Estadística (population update).
  2. Los Narejos. Naturaleza. October 31, 2010, Región de Murcia.
  3. Municipio de Los Alcázares , December 19, 2010.
  4. expediente de segregación
  5. Comarcas  ( page no longer available , search in web archivesInfo: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. agrarias y municipios de la Región. October 8, 2009, Comunidad Autónoma de la Región de Murcia (PDF)@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / wwwp.carm.es  
  6. Comunidad de Regantes ( Memento of the original of September 9, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. del Campo de Cartagena. January 25th 2010, Comunidad de Regantes del Campo de Cartagena @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.crccar.org
  7. Industria y Comercio ( Memento of the original from January 13, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. de Los Alcázares. January 25, 2010 Ayuntamiento de Los Alcázares @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ayto-losalcazares.es
  8. ^ Page of the Murcia region
  9. hermanamiento del municipio con Cartagena. Manuel Herrero, La Verdad August 19, 2011
  10. Korçë municipality .

literature

  • Alonso Navarro: Los Alcázares: a municipality for the history of the world . Ayuntamiento de Los Alcázares 1993.
  • Benedicto Martínez: Los Alcázares 1902 . Ayuntamiento de Los Alcázares 2002.
  • Fernández Castle: El papel de nuestra historia: Archivos del Mar Menor: Los Alcázares, San Pedro del Pinatar, San Javier . Consejería de Turismo y Cultura, Dirección General de Cultura, Archivo General de la Región de Murcia. Murcia 2001.
  • Chacón Jiménez: Historia de Los Alcázares. Vol. I. Los Alcázares in the context of the formación de la comarca del Mar Menor . Edition 2009.
  • Rolf Neuhaus: The last days of the wilderness. A trip around the Iberian Peninsula. DuMont Reiseverlag, Ostfildern 2014, p. 228. ISBN 978-3-7701-8255-8

Web links

Commons : Los Alcázares  - collection of images, videos and audio files