Malkastenpark

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Jacobigarten in the summer of 1892, Alfred Sohn-Rethel

The Malkastenpark (also Jacobigarten ) is a small historical private park of the artists' association Malkasten in Düsseldorf .

In the center of Düsseldorf, right next to the Hofgarten , is the almost three hectare park. The heart of the facility is a central baroque axis with an avenue , parterre and Venus pond, as well as natural, scenic areas with the stream of the northern Düssel . It occupies the space between Malkastenstraße, Jacobistraße, Pempelforter Straße and Louise-Dumont-Straße and has been a listed building since 2001.

Plant of the park

Jacobi's garden at Pempelfort , 1776
Jacobi's garden and its buildings , 1840
Malkasten , title page of the German artist album by Caspar Scheuren , 1875
The mermaid pond at the Malkasten Festival in Düsseldorf , illustration by Wilhelm Beckmann in the magazine Die Gartenlaube , 1877
Park of the artists' association Malkasten

In the 18th century, in the vicinity of Jägerhof Palace , in the midst of gardens, there were also some country houses, of which the house of the Jacobi brothers had an important reputation as a traditional meeting place for artists and philosophers. Kommerzienrat and businessman Johann Konrad Jacobi (1715–1788) acquired a small estate in Pempelfort in 1742 and had a baroque garden with a ground floor and avenue laid out there. His son Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi transformed the baroque complex into an art garden in the landscape style in the 1770s . In addition to the avenue that has been preserved, five areas were created with fruit tree groves, winding paths that crossed the Düssel and the pond several times. The various horticultural and agricultural buildings were included. The Jacobigarten was probably the oldest example of a landscape garden in the English style in the narrower Düsseldorf area. For many years Jacobi and his wife Betty, née von Clermont from Vaals near Aachen, a meeting place for people interested in literature and politics and welcomed Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Wilhelm von Humboldt in his garden .

The “Malkasten Künstlerverein”, founded in 1848, acquired the Jacobi-Gut and saved the Jacobi Garden from building through the city. Since 1855 the Jacobihaus and Jacobigarten had been owned by Friedrich Wilhelm Julius Brewer, the general director of the Düsseldorf gas works, who had acquired the property from the heirs of the Jacobi family. Brewer wanted to sell it as building land. The Mayor of Düsseldorf, Ludwig Hammers , called on the Düsseldorf artists to endeavor to buy and save “the memorable place of German classical literature”. The Düsseldorf notary Joseph Euler , a founding member of the paint box, and the district president Leo von Massenbach joined in the effort by bringing about the "corporation law" for the paint box, which finally opened up legal recourse for the artists' association to acquire the property. Already on September 17, 1857, the landscape painter Andreas Achenbach and the industrial lobbyist Alexander von Sybel had the Jacobi'schen garden "with residential buildings, coach houses, stables, barn, shed, park with orangery house, weier, vegetable and orchard a total of 11 acres 117 Ruthen for 22,000 Thaler ”bought or pre-financed with the intention of later transferring ownership to the paint box. Ultimately, the purchase was financed through a worldwide picture lottery, to which artists from the Düsseldorf School of Painting contributed with their works. The sum of money was increased to 55,000 thalers for the new garden design and for the construction of the new festival and society house. The royal garden director Joseph Clemens Weyhe took care of the redesign in the then new English garden style . On July 14th, 1860, the paint box was solemnly moved into the garden. The gardens with “Düsselbach” and “Venusteich” (also called “Nixenteich”) as well as the historical and new buildings now offered space and background for imaginative artist festivals that were known beyond Düsseldorf's borders. With the Kaiserfest, which was held in 1877 in honor of Kaiser Wilhelm I and Empress Augusta , a tradition of legendary festivities began in the “Malkastenpark”.

In the course of the rebuilding of the destroyed part of the Malkasten-Haus and its terrace after the Second World War , Roland Weber , one of the most important landscape architects of the 20th century, redesigned it.

In the summer of 1997, the artists Jost Wischnewski , Gregor Russ and curator Karl Heinz Rummeny founded the “parking garage” in the area of ​​the kitchen garden and the former garden houses, as an experimental exhibition space, primarily intended for young artistic positions and internationally oriented.

In 2014, storm Ela destroyed 40 trees and affected 200 trees. Enclosure walls had collapsed, works of art had fallen from the pedestal and armor stones had sunk in the Düssel. The repair of the damage and new plantings, with tulip trees and magnolia trees in the main line of sight behind the pond, was only possible with the help of sponsors and the city (garden department, cultural office, monument protection of the state and the city as well as the treasury).

"Venus pond" with fountain

The park has been extensively restored over three years, new trees have been planted, and it has been open to the public since September 2015. It was particularly important for those responsible to maintain the character of the park and make it even more visible. Landscape architect Achim Röthig developed the garden monument preservation development concept for this, which was the basis for the changes. In the park, the northern Düssel flows all around with a small waterfall, exactly where Jacobi had created it (plan from 1840). The "Venus pond" with its rounded corners corresponds to the shapes of the Baroque period. This got its name from a Venus figure erected in the middle of the pond , which was modeled after the Venus de Capua , an earlier version of the Venus de Milo . The casting of the Venus sculpture consisted of melted tubes of paint and stood from 1861 to 1930 on the base, which can still be seen today. When the fountain was installed in the pond, an old water pipe was found that is now being used again.

The entrance area to the Malkastenpark is on the left hand side next to the Jacobihaus , Jacobistraße 6a. With an admission price of two euros, which the “Malkasten Art Association” uses to maintain the park, visitors make a contribution to nature and art in the partially public Malkasten Park; and so the statute reads: "The association as the owner of the Jacobihaus and Jacobi'schen garden in Pempelfort, which is consecrated by historical memory, is obliged to preserve this site in its intactness caused by memory."

On the occasion of the nationwide Open Monument Day on September 11, 2016 under the motto “Preserving monuments together”, all citizens were invited to visit and discover the park.

Works of art in the park (selection)

Cenotaph in the circular linden tree
  • Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi , bust of the sculptor Emil Jungblut , installed in 1943 in the entrance area of ​​the Malkasten-Haus to the Malkastenpark
  • Andreas Achenbach , stone bust, sculptor Clemens Buscher , from 1905
  • Mother with child , sculpture by the sculptor Franz Dorrenbach (1870–1943), before 1913
  • Cenotaph in memory of the members and friends of the stone paint box was created by the sculptor Carl Geiling (1874–1924) and set up on July 24, 1921 in the Malkastenpark on the Lindenrondell
  • Düsselnixe from limestone by the sculptor Gustav Rutz created 1895–1896, since 1897 in the Malkastenpark
  • Family with child , stone sculpture was created by the Belgian sculptor Henri Boncquet (1868–1908) in the Malkastenpark since 1903
  • Seated youth made of shell limestone by Richard Langer , occupied as part of the park area since 1925
  • Goethe bust on stele , created in 1899 by Gustav Rutz
  • Mother Ey by Gerda Kratz , around 1983/1985
  • Laozi in bronze by Yungang Chen (* 1956). The sculpture is a gift from the China National Academy of Painting in Beijing and has been installed in Malkastenpark since June 2015
  • Column of the classical portico of the Alte Tonhalle , erected in 1951 as a reminder of the traditional location of Düsseldorf Music
  • Children making music , unknown artist
  • Lion head , fragment of one of the lions of the baroque coat of arms of Jägerhof Palace, placed on a base. Location: end point of the kitchen garden
  • Tor der Faces , by Horst Gläsker , installation on the park gate to the garden showcase, inauguration November 2009

literature

Web links

Commons : Malkasten Park (Düsseldorf)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Commons : Malkasten-Haus, Düsseldorf  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Roland Weber, Malkastenpark ( Memento of the original from October 12, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , in Straße der Gartenkunst, accessed on September 12, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.strasse-der-gartenkunst.de
  2. ↑ Multi- storey car park in Malkastenpark , on the state capital Düsseldorf, accessed on September 12, 2015
  3. ↑ Tree donation: The artists' association is pleased about a generous donation of 90,000 euros to the state capital Düsseldorf, accessed on September 12, 2015
  4. ↑ Figure Venusteich, photo W. Otto Düsseldorf, Malkasten archive
  5. ^ Clemens Buscher Andreas Achenbach Monument  in the German Digital Library
  6. ↑ 0382 Löwenkopf identified from Düsselufer in Malkastenpark , on ars-publica-duesseldorf, accessed on February 7, 2019

Coordinates: 51 ° 13 ′ 46.6 ″  N , 6 ° 47 ′ 20.8 ″  E