Marienkirche (Wülfingen)

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Marienkirche in Wülfingen, to the right of the church tower, the Barchfried was the ancestral seat of the Bock von Wülfingen family until the end of the 16th century

The Evangelical Lutheran Church of St. Mary is a church in Wülfingen that stands in the middle of the cemetery.

history

Romanesque church

The first church in Wülfingen was built around 1290 as a private church of the patron family Bock von Wülfingen . The knight Albert Bock von Wülfingen, who furnished the church with a Hufe Land on March 10, 1293, is considered to be the founder . From this first church, a piece of masonry with the walled-up door between the tower and nave in the interior of the church and the Romanesque baptismal font with consecration cross in the choir of the current church have been preserved. A pastor named Johann is mentioned in a document in 1324.

Renaissance church from 1501

The second church was built on the same site in 1501; it was 60 feet (17.53 meters) long and 20 feet (5.84 meters) wide; the tower that was built at the same time was 18 feet (5.26 meters) wide and, after the spire was erected in 1585, 80 feet (23.37 meters) high. The sacristy (1501) and a morgue (1649) were added to the church.

From this second church are a bell (1510), the striking bell (1592), the epitaph of Jobst Bruno Bock von Wülfingen (1596) on the north wall of the church, the chandeliers (1649 and 1716), the organ prospectus (1697), a grave slab in the floor next to the sacristy (1719), the baptismal angel (1720) above the baptismal font , the tombstone of the pastor's daughter Louise Hogreve (1721) on the back wall of the church and an altarpiece (around 1750) with the motif of the crucifixion on the back wall of the church .

On April 16, 1543 Antonius Corvinus carried out the Reformation in Elze on behalf of the Duchess Elisabeth von Calenberg with a commission . This commission included a. Ordenberg Bock von Wülfingen as a representative of the nobility . Since Wülfingen belonged to the Archdeaconate of Elze at that time, Wülfingen also became Evangelical-Lutheran. Wulbrand Bock of Wülfingen (1500-1583) has as a church patron the first Lutheran pastors Johann Bock in the Wülfinger Pfarrstelle used. The time is unknown, but Johann Bock is mentioned in 1553 as the first Protestant clergyman in Wülfingen.

Rococo Church

The official carpenter Heinrich Knust from Eldagsen and the master mason Wenth from Eldagsen built the current third church in the years 1769 to 1773 on the existing tower. The pulpit altar , which is kept in courtly rococlassicism , the carved baptismal font and the interior fittings have been preserved in their original state; only the southern choir pews were expanded around 1980 so that the Romanesque baptismal font, which stood outside next to the tower, could be placed in the choir of the church. The sculptor of this inventory was the sculptor Johann Friedrich Blasius Ziesenis from Hanover, whose works of art in the Neustädter Church and in the Kreuzkirche in Hanover were destroyed in flames during World War II . As early as 1767, Johann Friedrich Blasius Ziesenis had made a draft for the epitaph of Lieutenant General Friedrich Bock von Wülfingen on behalf of the patronage family . It was probably not carried out because of the cost of building the church. The lieutenant general had made great contributions in the Seven Years' War , which Frederick the Great recognized by donating a golden tobacco box.

At Christmas 1771 the organ builder Georg Andreas Almes from Hildesheim re-installed the former organ from the previous church. In 1773 the Rococo church seems to have been finished in all parts, because on October 26th 1773 the patron major General Wilhelm Bock von Wülfingen and the pastor Ernst Ludolf Hogreve distributed the seats in the church. The farmers , the Kötner and the craftsmen had their seats in the choir stalls , as did the teacher and on the longer bench under the epitaph the Garde du Corps riders who were quartered on the farms . The servants sat on top of both galleries . The prieche on the south side of the altar was intended for the pastor and his family and the prieche on the north side of the altar was intended for the church leaders and the two von Bock's bailiffs . Above this, the patronage family had their seat next to the pulpit. The benches in the nave were provided for the women . Each farm got a whole bench, while two Kötner families sat in one bench.

Today's organ was built in 1868 by the Furtwängler brothers from Elze and added to the baroque organ front from 1697. The organ work received a sound improvement in 1937 by the organ builder A. Faber, Salzhemmendorf. The organ builder Hermann Hillebrand from Altwarmbüchen arranged for a new intonation of the organ in 1952. The romantic disposition of the Furtwängler organ was replaced by a baroque disposition. This gave Johann Sebastian Bach's organ music its original late baroque sound when playing the organ. For the 100th anniversary of the Furtwängler organ on the 3rd Advent in 1968, the Hermann Hillebrand company carried out a thorough renovation of the work and the mechanics. In 1973, the Hermann Hillebrand company installed a new fan motor for the organ's bellows . The tuning of the organ was carried out by the Hermann Hillebrand company until it was transferred to the Emil Hammer Orgelbau company from Arnum . While the organ was being tuned , the organ tuner fell into the pipework and damaged numerous organ pipes that were restored by the Hammer company during the organ renovation in 2003.

Since 1953, radio recordings with Michael Schneider , Eduard Büchsel , Volker Gwinner , Lajos Rowatkay, Rudolf Ewerhart and other organists have been recorded on the organ for decades .

The epitaph of Jobst Bruno Bock (1596), the two chandeliers from 1649 and 1716 and the baptismal angel from 1720 come from the previous church. Their inventory comes from the Romanesque church.

The 19th century brought various renovations and improvements to the church.

The church tower was so dilapidated in 1843 that the west wall of the tower had to be replaced. In Luther 1883 from the tower was Bandgesimse increased to a bell storey and with a spire provided. This is evident from the inscription on the west side of the tower. The total height of the tower is 38 meters. Until 1954 the spire had a slate roof, but in 1954 the spire was covered with copper plates . At the beginning of the 21st century, the tower was given a roof made of slate because acid rain had perforated the copper roof.

With the exception of the bell from 1510, the other four bells had to be handed in for melting in 1942, of which the two bells, which were cast in 1928 in the Radler bell foundry in Windmühlenstraße in Hildesheim, were melted down immediately. The parish received the bell from 1592 and the cast bell from 1600, which was cast in 1787, back from the Wilhelmsburg collection camp in 1947. Because of the bad sound of the bell from 1600, it was not possible to ring this bell with that of 1510. That is why the bell foundry FW Schilling, Heidelberg, added three new bells to the bell from 1510 in 1952 with the melodic tone sequence b-des-es-f. According to the responsible bell expert, the parish has thus received a bell that is one of the most beautiful in the Calenberg region . The bell from 1787 was melted down.

The interior is after 1855 and 1897 Neuvermalungen was preceded in 1956 to designs by the restorer J. Bohland, Hildesheim, which the public curator Oskar Karpa , had recommended from Hannover renovated been namely the pulpit altar in the colors of the year 1770th

In the choir windows made of hand-blown glass there is a lead-glazed window on the left with the coat of arms of the patronage family Bock von Wülfingen and on the right a lead-glazed window with the representation of Mary with the baby Jesus, which reminds of the name of the Marienkirche. These lead-glazed windows are gifts from the patron at the time, Detlef Bock von Wülfingen (1895–1984).

The church remained the burial church of the patronage family Bock von Wülfingen until the construction of the mausoleum of the Bock von Wülfingen family. After the mausoleum was built, the burial grounds in the tombs under the church and under the tower were leveled. Only the crypt of the Elzer line remained; it is located with its coffins under the choir of the church and is accessible from the outside.

The space under the tower, which had been previously used as a crypt for coffins of the Bock family of Wülfingen, was in 1950 the mortuary of Wülfingen rededicated . In 1973 the room was renovated by the church council; since then, the tower cross, which had stood on the top of the tower until 1954, has been hanging on the south wall of the room. In this farewell room, the coffin can be laid out in front of the cross until the funeral service, if it does not need cooling in a cold room. Relatives can say goodbye to the deceased in front of the coffin. The Christian funeral service takes place in the Marienkirche.

Romanesque baptismal font, baroque baptismal angel and baptismal stand in rococo style

The Romanesque baptismal font still bears his consecration cross . For the baptism, the baptismal font in the Romanesque church was filled with water so that the child could be submerged in the water three times during the baptism. The font later stood in the parish garden and was placed next to the entrance to the tower after the rectory was sold. Around 1980 the baptismal font was put back in the church choir.

According to Pastor Ernst Daniel Hogrefe's entry in the parish register of Wülfingen in 1720, the 120 centimeter tall female baptismal angel was bought by parishioners and the treasurer and patron Georg Wilhelm Bock von Wülfingen for the price of 19 Reichstalers and given to the Marienkirche. The baptismal angel hung from 1720 to 1769 in the Renaissance church built in 1501 next to the altar and during the baptism held a baptismal bowl filled with water . After the rococo church was built in Wülfingen, the baptismal angel was on top of the baroque organ front built in 1697 from Christmas 1771 to 1956 . The baptismal angel was given a colored painting that matched the color of the baroque organ front.

The baptismal angel was not needed for baptisms in the rococo church because a rococo-style baptismal stand was made on which the baptismal bowl filled with baptismal water stood ready for baptisms until the end of the 20th century. During the renovation of the church in 1956, the restorer J. Bohland from Hildesheim took the baptismal angel down from the organ front and fixed it in the choir of the church on the parapet of the gallery. There the baptismal angel hovered over the benches on which the baptismal party had their place during baptisms.

At the beginning of the 21st century, the baptismal angel was given a new color scheme. Then it was hung over the Romanesque font. When he is baptized, there is a small baptismal bowl on his hand.

The two sundials from Wülfingen

Vertical sundial with pole rod by Erich Pollähne.
Explanations on the use of the sundial. Please tap the picture twice; then the text is enlarged and easy to read.

Outside on the south wall of the Marienkirche there are two sundials near the entrance door. The upper sundial probably dates from 1774, while the lower sundial was built by Erich Pollähne in 1998 and attached to the church wall.

The upper red sundial was probably bought by a member of the Bock von Wülfingen family in 1774 after the completion of St. Mary's Church in Gibraltar and then attached to the west wall of St. Mary's Church. The buyer apparently had no knowledge of sundials and had a big surprise in Wülfingen: the sundial went wrong in Wülfingen.

The purchased in Gibraltar sundial can never display the local time in Wülfingen because they are not for running through Wülfingen 52. Latitude is calculated. It can only be used as a vertical clock in Gibraltar on the 36th parallel or as a horizontal real clock in Hamburg on the 54th parallel. That is why the pole rod that casts the shadow for the time on the sundial was removed by the Bock von Wülfingen family so that none of the prominent guests of the Bock von Wülfingen family could notice the embarrassment of the bad purchase.

The lower sundial was built by Erich Pollähne in 1998 . He is one of the most important German sundial builders of the modern age. The sundial was calculated by him to the 52nd degree of latitude and shows the true local time of Wülfingen. It is a vertical clock made of Obernkirchen sandstone in the format 60 × 60 cm with a stainless steel shadow bar. The shadow rod is parallel to the earth's axis , which runs through the south and north poles. It casts a ten-millimeter-wide shadow on the sundial scale. The time is read on the left edge of the shadow until 12 o'clock and after 12 o'clock on the right edge of the shadow. The lines of the sundial are designed for quarters of an hour. The endpoints of the lines were drilled in in case of restoration. The full hours are given in Roman numerals , which were carved in stone and gilded. They show the true local time . The sundial also includes the sun symbol and measurement lines for the equinox , winter solstice, and summer solstice . The sun and the solstice lines were carved into the sandstone and then laid out in color.

Under the sundial there is a black board with explanations of how the true local time read on the sundial can be converted into the Central European Time and daylight saving time shown on the church clock . The table contains minutes for correcting the equation of time and the deviation from the time zone meridian, which must be added to the time read in order to calculate Central European Time. An hour must be added to this during summer time.

The title of this blackboard "Wall sundial with pole rod 18th century" indicates that the new sundial was built in 1998 as it would have been made in 1774 after this church was built in the 18th century. This is also reminiscent of the two dates that were affixed to the sundial: 1774 as the probable year of purchase of the first sundial and 1998 as the year the second sundial was built.

Memorial at the church tower

Memorial plaque for the fallen and missing of the First World War in Wülfingen.

On the south side of the church tower is the memorial for the fallen and missing of the two world wars. The memorial plaque for the First World War is on the wall of the church tower, in front of it is the memorial stone for the Second World War . There is also a bank for the bereaved.

The memorial plaque for the fallen and missing of the First World War was decided in February 1921. It was created by the sculptor Küsthardt from Hanover and inaugurated on Reformation Day , October 31, 1921. It shows the cherub with the flaming, flashing sword at the entrance to paradise , guarding the entrance to the tree of life. ( Gen 3.24  EU )

In 2001 the memorial plaque was restored by master stonemason Willi Lohse from Elze and provided with a cover by master roofer Heinrich Diehe from Wülfingen. Also in 2001 the memorial stone for the fallen and missing of the Second World War was cleaned and placed in front of the memorial plaque. The inauguration of the renovated memorial took place during a memorial hour on May 19, 2001.

literature

  • Axel Christoph Kronenberg: Twenty angels and one wing. Invitation to the baptismal angels in the Hildesheimer Land-Alfeld parish.
  • H. Wilh. H. Mithoff: Art monuments and antiquities in Hanover. Volume 1: Principality of Calenberg. Hannover 1871 (reprint Hannover, Hirschheydt 1974).
  • Heiner Jürgens, Arnold Nöldeke , Joachim von Welck: The art monuments of the Springe district. Self-published by the Provinzialverwaltung, Hanover, 1941. Series: Die Kunstdenkmäler der Provinz Hannover I, 3, Vol. 29. S. 218–223. Fig. 109d + 120a.
  • Alfred Warnecke: From the organs in the Sankt-Marien-Kirche in Wülfingen. Ed .: Ev.-luth. Wülfingen church council. Wülfingen 1968.
  • Alfred Warnecke: From the history of the St. Marien Church in Wülfingen. Ed .: Ev.-luth. Wülfingen church council. Wülfingen around 1969.
  • Alfred Warnecke: The "Barchfried" in Wülfingen . In the magazine "Alt-Hildesheim" No. 45, pp. 51–56, Hildesheim 1974.
  • Eberhard Jäger: The organs of the former Springe district . Berlin 1975.
  • Georg Dehio, Handbook of German Art Monuments Bremen / Lower Saxony. Munich and Berlin 1977.
  • Klaus Michael Gäbler: Wülfingen parish. In: 450 years of the Reformation in the Calenberger Land. Festschrift for the anniversary in 1992. Published by the Lutheran church district Laatzen-Pattensen. Selbstverlag, Laatzen 1992. pp. 117-118.
  • Wolfram Bock von Wülfingen: News about the Wülfinger Thurmbau. In: Springer Yearbook 2010 for the city and the old district of Springe. Ed .: Förderverein für die Stadtgeschichte von Springe eV, Springe 2010, pp. 129–141: Ill., Farbtaf. on p. 218.
  • Ernst Wilhelms (ed.): From the history of the village of Wülfingen. Wülfingen 1995. An excerpt from this book was published here: Egon Wieckhorst: Wülfingen - a village in the Hildesheimer Land. In: Springer Yearbook 2011 for the city and the old district of Springe. Förderverein für die Stadtgeschichte von Springe eV, Springe 2011, pp. 26–29: Ill., Farbtaf. on p. 214.
  • Werner Müller: Monuments in the unified municipality of Elze with its districts Esbeck, Mehle, Sehlde, Sorsum, Wittenburg and Wülfingen. Series of publications of the local history museum Elze No. 5. Elze 2000.
  • Axel Christoph Kronenberg: Twenty angels and one wing. Invitation to the baptismal angels in the Hildesheimer Land-Alfeld parish. Published by the church district of Hildesheimer Land-Alfeld. Alfeld, 3rd edition 2015.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The two chandeliers from 1649 and 1716 were donated by the Lampe family and the Vollmeier Heinrich Warnecke.
  2. ↑ The baptismal angel cost 19 th .; 8 th. Of it were donated by the treasurer Georg Wilhelm Bock von Wülfingen.
  3. ↑ This draft by Johann Friedrich Blasius Ziesenis is in the parish archive.
  4. ^ Alfred Warnecke: From the organs in the Sankt-Marien-Kirche in Wülfingen. Ed .: Ev.-luth. Wülfingen church council. Wülfingen 1968.
  5. ↑ In the 20th century in Wülfingen it was said that the real reason for the increase in the church tower was that Wülfingen wanted to have a higher church tower than Adensen .
  6. ↑ Treasury councils have been recorded since 1489, which supervised the collection and distribution of taxes . In the Electorate and later Kingdom of Hanover, there was the right to appoint a treasury member of the Treasury College (the Chamber of Accounts). The Treasury was dissolved in 1848.
  7. ^ Egon Wieckhorst: The sundials on the south side of the St. Marienkirche in Wülfingen. In: Springer Yearbook 2016 for the city and the old district of Springe. Support association for the town history of Springe e. V., Springe 2016, pp. 119–123.
  8. ↑ Egon Wieckhorst: Re-inauguration of the restored memorial on May 19, 2001 for the soldiers from Wülfingen who were killed and missing in the First World War. In: Springer Yearbook 2014 for the city and the old district of Springe. Ed .: Förderverein für die Stadtgeschichte von Springe eV, Springe 2014, pages 138-139.

Coordinates: 52 ° 9 ′ 6.9 "  N , 9 ° 44 ′ 40.3"  E