Matty
The Mattig , known as Mattigbach in the upper reaches to Obertrumer See , is a 55 km long river in Salzburg and Upper Austria , which drains part of the western Innviertel and the Salzburg lake area to the Inn .
course
The Mattig rises north of the city of Salzburg in the village of Ursprung in the municipality of Elixhausen in the Salzburg lake area . The source area is the original moor . Around 8 km after the source, it flows through the Obertrumer See and the Grabensee and arrives in Upper Austria. It flows through the Mattig Valley to the north and passes the town of Mattighofen , from which it is named. It flows into the Inn a little downstream from Braunau . Its total length is 55.3 km, from the outflow from the Grabensee to the mouth 44 km.
In the Mattig Valley, the Mattig repeatedly splits into several arms, including artificially created mill ditches or irrigation and drainage ditches.
The longest tributary of the Mattig is the Schwemmbach (Scheiterbach). It rises in the Kobernaußerwald and flows into the Mattig near Uttendorf . With 221.7 km² it drains a larger catchment area than the Mattig with 152.5 km². Other important feeders are the Reiterbach near Mundenham (municipality of Palting ) from the left, the Mühlberger Bach near Hochhalting (municipality of Jeging ) from the right, the Florianer Brunnbach near Geretsdorf (municipality of Burgkirchen ) from the right and the foot ditch near Meinharting (municipality of St. Peter am Hart ) from the left.
The gradient of the Mattig is only 2.2 ‰ in the top 5 km, in the middle reaches 4.3 ‰. On the last 5 km it has the greatest gradient with 7.9 ‰. On average it is 4.4 ‰.
Hydrology
The Mattig catchment area is 448 km², the highest point is the Steiglberg in the Kobernaußerwald at 767 m above sea level. A.
The mean discharge at the Jahrsdorf gauge, 1.9 km above the mouth, is 4.79 m³ / s. The Mattig has a winter pluvial runoff regime that is very balanced due to the damping by the upstream lakes. The mean discharge in the month of March with the most water, at 6.07 m³ / s, is not even twice as high as in the month with the least water, October, with 3.75 m³ / s.
Among other things, due to the discharge to the meadow irrigation, there is a strong seepage into the groundwater and the discharge rate drops accordingly from 23.3 l / s · km² at the Laimhausmühle gauge (km 40.3) to 16.4 l / s · km² on Pfaffstätt gauge (km 28.6) at 10.7 l / s · km² at the Jahrsdorf gauge.
The water temperature at the Laimhausmühle gauge is also influenced by the lakes; here it is 11.7 ° C on an annual average and reaches maximum values of almost 25 ° C. At the lowest level in the year village, however, the annual mean falls to 9.6 ° C with maxima of 18 ° C.
Surname
The Mattig is first mentioned in a document in 796. The name is traced back to the Celtic and should mean something like "the gentle one". After the Mattig, the Mattiggau (from around the 6th century) got its name in the Duchy of Bavaria . The area roughly encompassed today's southern Innviertel.
ecology
In the upper and middle reaches, the Mattig is still largely unregulated and relatively natural with accompanying woodland, mainly black alder and ash . The estuary in the community of Braunau was regulated after devastating flood damage at the end of the 19th century. The estuary was relocated and the course of the river straightened over a length of six kilometers and fortified like a canal. The river continuum is interrupted by several transverse structures.
fauna
The Mattig belongs to the barbel region in the lower reaches up to Mattighofen , above the trout or grayling region. The main species of fish include barbel , grayling , brown trout and tailors . The otter is also native to the Mattig and Schwemmbach rivers .
In the Mattig there are populations of the noble crayfish , in addition to the introduced signal crayfish , which transmits the cancer plague . Below the Grabensee there is one of the few occurrences of the common river mussel in Upper Austria. Among the notable species also includes the Small Pliers dragonfly , stone fly species of lowland rivers, rare mayfly species and rare hook beetle species.
Water quality
The Mattig was formerly used by industrial companies u. a. loaded with heavy metals. It was classified with water quality class II-III until the 1990s , but today it has water quality class II throughout Upper Austria.
Economic use
The Schwemmbach and, from its confluence, the Mattig were used intensively for wood drift in the 18th and 19th centuries , for which both bodies of water were expanded accordingly. Up to 1888 up to 10,000 fathoms (around 68,000 m³) of wood from the Kobernaußerwald were lifted to Braunau every year, from where it was transported down the Inn and Danube, especially to Vienna , to be used as firewood.
The use of hydropower on the Mattig has a long tradition. Of the more than 30 former hydropower (mills, sawmills, later electricity generation) around 14 are still in operation to generate electricity, and the trend is now increasing again.
literature
- Room unit Mattigtal . In: Office of Upper Austria. Provincial government, nature conservation department (ed.): Nature and landscape - models for Upper Austria . tape September 26 , 2007 ( PDF [accessed October 5, 2011]).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Detailed water body : Mattigbach (A8517349) to Mattich (DWK: 302870000) / to Obertumersee (DWK: 307980002, approx. Km 48.5), Obertrumersee (DWK: 3500600, with connecting channel A8516438), connecting channel (DWK: 307980001), Grabensee ( DWK: 3501400 / A8516824), breakthrough valley to Grabensee to Kerschham (at km 34.0): DWK: 307980006, 307980005, 307980004), Lauf im Mattigtal DWK: 307870000, 307880002 (up to Mattighofen), 307880001 (mouth of Schwemmbach, approx. km 17.3), DWK: 305720035 (to Meinharting , km 5), Unterlauf bei Braunau DWK: 305720034
- ↑ a b c d SAGIS, layer water → waters, groundwater bodies ; DORIS, Layer Water & Geology
- ↑ a b c d e Office of the Upper Austrian Provincial Government (ed.): Mattig and Schwemmbach, Investigations on Water Quality, Status 1992 - 1994 . Water protection report 10/1995, Linz 1995 ( PDF; 184.7 MB )
- ^ A b c Federal Ministry for Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management (ed.): Hydrographisches Jahrbuch von Österreich 2010. 118th volume. Vienna 2012, p. OG 147, PDF (12.6 MB) on bmlrt.gv.at (yearbook 2010)
- ↑ Helmut Mader, Theo Steidl, Reinhard Wimmer: Discharge regime of Austrian rivers. Contributions to a nationwide river typology. Federal Environment Agency, monographs Volume 82, Vienna 1996, pp. 98–99 ( PDF; 14.7 MB )
- ↑ a b c d e f Office of Upper Austria. Provincial government, nature conservation department (ed.): Nature and landscape - models for Upper Austria. Volume 26: Mattigtal room unit . Revised Version, Lochen and Linz 2007 ( PDF; 3.6 MB)
- ^ River dialogue: Mattig
- ^ Office of Upper Austria. Provincial government, nature conservation department (ed.): Nature and landscape - models for Upper Austria. Volume 17: Spatial unit Südinnviertel Lake District . Revised Version, Braunau am Inn and Linz 2007 ( PDF; 3.4 MB) ( Memento of the original from December 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Digital Upper Austrian Room Information System (DORIS)
