Mittelstadt (Reutlingen)

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Mittelstadt
City of Reutlingen
Former municipality coat of arms of Mittelstadt
Coordinates: 48 ° 34 ′ 0 ″  N , 9 ° 14 ′ 0 ″  E
Height : 320 m above sea level NHN
Area : 6.46 km²
Residents : 3586  (Jan 2019)
Population density : 555 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st January 1975
Postal code : 72766
Area code : 07127

Mittelstadt has been a district of the district town of Reutlingen since 1975 . The town with around 3400 inhabitants is located on the Neckar and borders the Esslingen district .

geography

Klostermühle on the Neckar

Mittelstadt is about eight kilometers north of downtown Reutlingen on the right bank of the Neckar , which is 290  m above sea level. NN represents the lowest point in the district. Neighboring places are Neckartenzlingen in the north and Bempflingen in the northeast (both in the Esslingen district), Riederich in the east, Metzingen in the southeast, the Reutlingen districts of Reicheneck and Oferdingen in the south and southwest and Pliezhausen in the west (all in the Reutlingen district ).

history

Excavations of ashlar indicate a Roman settlement that was in the area of ​​today's Mittelstadt. When the Alemanni invaded and ousted the Romans , they mostly settled where the land had already been tilled. It is believed that an Alemanni named Muthilo settled here, who gave the settlement its name.

First documentary mention

The first written mention of the place name Mittelstadt is assumed to be in 1245. Dorothea Reuter writes in the official district description: “The first written mention of the place name comes from 1245 (Mvtilstat, 1254 Mutilstat, 1268 Mvthilstat, Mutelstat, from the personal name Mutili). It indicates a settlement from the earlier expansion period. In the 15th century the name was reinterpreted in the sense of 'place in the middle' ”.

The author refers to a document dated November 6, 1245, in which Count Ulrich von Berg hands over the ownership of the mill at Maselheim to the Heggbach monastery . A “B. de Mvtilstat ”. The identification of "Mvtilstat" as a middle town is justified in the Württemberg record book with the former ownership of the place by the counts of Berg and Schelklingen. The certificate is now in the Stuttgart State Archives .

The nobleman appearing here as a witness is likely to be the same person as the witness of the same name in a further document dated March 10, 1254 ("B. de Mutilstat"), who also belonged to the Bergisch entourage. Only these two written testimonies are known of him, which identify him as a subordinate man because of his position at the end of the series of witnesses.

Mittelstadt is also mentioned for the year 1268. In a document dated March 3, 1268, Count Ulrich von Berg transfers the Pfullingen monastery full ownership rights to the properties in Mittelstadt ("Mvthilstat") sold by his feudal people, the noble Sigbot and Rudolf von Hundersingen. This document is now also in the Stuttgart Main State Archives.

Doubts about the attribution of the two documents from 1245 and 1254 to Mittelstadt are only raised in the older literature (Otto von Alberti: Württembergisches Adels- und Wappenbuch . Volume 1, Stuttgart 1889–1898 or descriptions of the Oberamt Urach . Stuttgart 1909), who also consider a dissolution as Meidelstetten , Oberamt Münsingen, to be conceivable. In contrast, Walter Brants Mittelstadt in the past and present (Mittelstadt 1965) identifies the "B. de Mutilstat ”as“ fairly safe ”(p. 65) as a Mittelstädter noble family.

religion

The church and parish of St. Martin in Mittelstadt was first mentioned in 1275. In 1413 it was incorporated into the Poor Clare Monastery in Pfullingen. With the Reformation in Württemberg in 1534, Mittelstadt became Protestant. Today's Protestant parish Mittelstadt includes the Mittelstadt district of the city of Reutlingen . Along with the Reicheneck parish, it is the only parish in the city of Reutlingen that belongs to the Bad Urach-Münsingen church district of the Evangelical Church in Württemberg .

There is also the Evangelical Methodist Eben Ezer Chapel and the Catholic St. Gebhard Church with the associated parishes.

Incorporation

On January 1, 1975, Mittelstadt was incorporated into Reutlingen.

coat of arms

"Gänsfüß" was the local nickname for the people in the middle of town. This designation also reflects the coat of arms, which shows a red goose foot on a white background. It is said to have been designed by a local master painter in the early 20th century and was used by the community from at least 1930 onwards. With the incorporation in 1975, the coat of arms lost its legal validity.

Public facilities

At the beginning of the 1970s, the construction of a nuclear power plant with 300 megawatts of power was planned on the Neckar near Mittelstadt. Almost a thousand people protested against this in October 1977. The nuclear power plant was not pursued further at this location due to the lack of cooling water, as the Neckar does not yet carry very much water at this point. Several high-voltage and extra-high voltage lines intersect near the planned location, and the Glems pumped storage plant is also nearby.

Kindergartens

Mittelstadt has two kindergartens, each with several groups (Mönchstraße and Wieslenbach). Since Mittelstadt has been the most fertile district of Reutlingen for several years, the kindergartens are very busy. The care of children from 18 months to kindergarten age is provided by the “Kinderreich” association.

school

Mittelstadt has a multi-class elementary school, but no secondary schools. In order to attend the secondary school, middle-town students can choose between the secondary school at the North Education Center and the Pliezhausen secondary school. When it comes to education via the Realschule, you can choose between the Bildungszentrum Nord, the Realschule Metzingen and the Realschule in Pliezhausen. The grammar schools at the Bildungszentrum Nord and the Gymnasium Metzingen are available for high school education.

Senior center

The BruderhausDiakonie operates a senior citizens' center in Mittelstadt, which was inaugurated on September 14, 2007.

Culture, buildings and sights

Churches

  • The Protestant Martinskirche was rebuilt in place of the old Martinskirche in 1912 according to plans by Martin Elsaesser . The single-nave hall church with 500 seats faces west with the rectangular altar house. Architectural jewelry by the Stuttgart sculptor Daniel Stocker adorns the facade (John the Baptist, coat scene with Martin von Tours , a pelican sacrificing himself for his young as a symbol of Christ). The interior is characterized by the floral ornaments on the woodwork up to the coffered barrel ceiling, the west rosette above the altar, glazed in Art Nouveau style, with the baroque crucifix in front of it and some epitaphs . Other architectural decorations, colored glazing and the murals of the four evangelists are no longer preserved. A comprehensive restoration took place in 2012 to mark the centenary.
  • Evangelical Methodist Eben Ezer Chapel
  • Catholic St. Gebhard Church

Other buildings

  • town hall
  • Monastery mill

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

Mittelstadt is on the B 297 ( Nürtingen - Tübingen ), the B 312 ( Stuttgart - Reutlingen ) runs one kilometer away.

Three bus lines in the Neckar-Alb-Danube transport association connect the town with Reutlingen, Metzingen and Pliezhausen. Line 6 of the Reutlingen city transport runs daily every 20 to 30 minutes via Sondelfingen towards Reutlingen main station. The school bus route 105 connects Mittelstadt and Pliezhausen directly. Line 203 runs from and to Metzingen from Monday to Saturday. There is also a school bus to the North Education Center in Rommelsbach twice a day .

economy

In Mittelstadt there are two industrial areas, which have been designated Lachenhau East and West.

literature

  • Brunhilde Schad (preface): Mittelstadt: Pictures tell from days gone by . 1st edition. Geiger, Horb am Neckar 2002, ISBN 3-89570-595-0 .

Web links

Commons : Mittelstadt (Reutlingen)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Mittelstadt in the description of the Oberamt Urach from 1831  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Living in Reutlingen - population. City of Reutlingen, accessed on February 28, 2019 .
  2. ↑ The district of Reutlingen . Volume II, published by the Landesarchivdirektion Baden-Württemberg in connection with the district of Reutlingen, Sigmaringen 1997, p. 417
  3. ↑ Wirtemberg document book . Volume IV, No. N147. Stuttgart 1883, p. 445 f. ( Digitized , online edition ), with improvements p. 490. In the archive repertory edited by Mauer, Schäfer, Weckbach and Wahl from 1956 to 1961, or the online finding aid for the inventory from 2004 by Bernhard Thiel, according to the Württemberg document book also "Mittelstadt" as identification of the witness "B. de Mvtilstat ”.
  4. ↑ Main State Archives Stuttgart, inventory B 456 Cistercian monastery Heggbach, U8 (+).
  5. ↑ Wirtemberg document book . Volume V, No. 1289. Stuttgart 1889, pp. 54 f. ( Digitized version , online edition ); Document today in the Fürst Thurn und Taxis central archive in Regensburg, monastery documents Marchtal No. 22
  6. ↑ cf. Dorothea Reuter, official district description
  7. ↑ Main State Archives Stuttgart, inventory A 514 Pfullingen Monastery, U 164; Wirtemberg document book . Volume VI, No. 1988. Stuttgart 1894, p. 384 f. ( Digitized version , online edition )
  8. ^ Website of the Evangelical Church Community in Mittelstadt
  9. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 538 .
  10. ↑ Communist People's Newspaper - District supplement Mittlerer Neckar No. 44, Stuttgart, October 31, 1977, p. 3
  11. ^ Elisabeth Spitzbart, Jörg Schilling: Martin Elsaesser. Church buildings, parish and parish houses ; Tübingen / Berlin 2014, catalog no.20
  12. ^ Kurt Müller: Mittelstadt. A church chronicle. Church and religious life in our place ; Evangelical Church Community Mittelstadt (Ed.) Self-published, Mittelstadt 1993
  13. ↑ Brochure "100 Years of Martinskirche Mittelstadt 1912-2012"