Maselheim
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
|---|---|---|
|
Coordinates: 48 ° 8 ' N , 9 ° 52' E |
|
| Basic data | ||
| State : | Baden-Württemberg | |
| Administrative region : | Tübingen | |
| County : | Biberach | |
| Management Community : | Biberach | |
| Height : | 544 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 47.02 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 4576 (December 31, 2018) | |
| Population density : | 97 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 88437 | |
| Primaries : | 07351, 07352, 07353, 07356 | |
| License plate : | BC | |
| Community key : | 08 4 26 071 | |
| LOCODE : | DE ME3 | |
| Community structure: | 4 districts (since 1975) | |
| Address of the municipal administration: |
Wennedacher Strasse 5 88437 Maselheim |
|
| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Elmar Braun ( Alliance 90 / The Greens ) | |
| Location of the municipality of Maselheim in the Biberach district | ||
  |
||
Maselheim is a municipality and a village in the Upper Swabian district of Biberach .
geography
Location and surroundings
The municipality of Maselheim is located in the southeast of the state of Baden-Württemberg and in the administrative district of Tübingen. It is located in Upper Swabia and in the northern central part of the Biberach district. The smallest higher-level administrative unit in which the municipality is organized is the Biberach agreed administrative community . The municipality is located relatively centrally in a triangle of cities between Laupheim, ten kilometers away, in the north, Ochsenhausen nine kilometers away in the southeast and Biberach seven kilometers away in the southwest.
The municipality is traversed by two creeks that flow in a south-north direction towards the Danube, the Dürnach and the Saubach . The two streams are separated by a ridge. To the other side of the valleys rise again mountain ranges. These three mountain ranges are largely forested, whereas in the lowlands of the valleys arable and meadow farming characterize the picture. The highest point of the community is in the southwest and reaches 619 m above sea level. NN . There are also the following elevations, named: Hungerberg (575 m), Romersbühl (589 m) and Ölberg (610 m).
geology
The geological subsurface is formed by a paleogene molasse basin . This basin was created when the Alpine unfolding began 100 million years ago . The Alps and the Swabian Alb were lifted up as a result of the continental collision between Europe and Africa . The area in between, however, subsided and was a catchment basin for erosion products from the mountains. Thick layers were deposited over the years. Because the basin was repeatedly flooded by seas, a distinction is made between product deposition as sedimentation in the sea and deposition through fluvial processes. As a layer sequence, a distinction is made between the lowest layer , the lower sea molasses , the lower fresh water molasses above , the overlying upper sea molasses and the upper fresh water molasses located on the earth's surface . In the Quaternary the landscape was dominated by cold-age glaciers . During the Mindelkaltzeit , the municipality was in the terminal moraine area of the glacier. The following cold ages, Riß and Würm , no longer penetrated that far, so that periglacial processes formed the surface. In the process, relics from the Cold Age were removed or filled with new, Cold Age erosion material. In the west of the community there are Mindel moraine sediments, which are followed to the east by Upper Freshwater Molasse. To the north there are upper sea molasses and crack gravel. Further to the east, there are flood sediments on river gravel, Mindel and Günz ceiling gravel in the Dürnach area.
As part of the Alpine foothills , Maselheim is located in the large soil landscape of the Altmoränen -Hügelland. Outside the river areas, parabrown earth is the predominant soil type . Gley soils influenced by the groundwater can be found near the two streams .
Expansion and use of the municipal area
The municipality covers an area of 47.02 km² . This makes Maselheim the twelfth largest municipality in the Biberach district in terms of area .
Compared to the land use in the state of Baden-Württemberg, the municipality of Maselheim does not differ significantly. Only the proportion of buildings, open spaces and water is less than half. In the case of sports and green areas, the proportion is even less than half the national average.
| Area according to type of use |
Agricultural schafts- area |
Forest area |
Buildings, open spaces and areas |
Traffic area |
Surface of water |
Sports and green space |
other use |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Area (in km²) | 23.25 | 18.66 | 1.85 | 2.25 | 0.29 | 0.13 | 0.34 |
| Share of total area | 49.4% | 39.7% | 3.9% | 4.8% | 0.6% | 0.3% | 1.1% |
Neighboring communities
Clockwise, the municipality of Maselheim borders the municipal areas of Mietingen in the north, followed to the east by Schwendi and Gutenzell-Hürbel . In the south follow the urban areas of Ochsenhausen and Biberach . To the west, Warthausen and Schemmerhofen form the end.
Community structure
The community Maselheim is divided into four districts . In addition to the main town of Maselheim , the community consists of the sub-towns of Äpfingen , Laupertshausen and Sulmingen . Maselheim also includes the hamlets of Heggbach , Luxenweiler and Zum Stein, the Wilhelmshof and Ziegelhof as well as the Heggbacher Mühle and the Haus Zur Sägmühle . Affiliated to Laupertshausen is Ellmannsweiler, the hamlet of Unterschnaitbach and the farms of Mittel- and Oberschnaitbach. With 16.3 km² Maselheim has the largest share of the municipal area, followed by Laupertshausen (12.6 km²), Äpfingen (11.8 km²) and Sulmingen (6.4 km²).
climate
Climatically, the municipality is in the temperate zone and has a humid, cool-temperate climate . It is dominated by westerly winds that bring in humid air masses from the Atlantic, which is the reason for relatively mild winters and not too hot summers. A special effect that influences the climate is the foehn , which at times carries warm air masses north over the Alps . The annual mean temperature in the period between 1971 and 2000 was 7.6 to 8.0 degrees Celsius , with the coldest month February being the minimum with an average of −1.4 to −1.0 degrees Celsius and the warmest months July and August being that Maximum with an average of 17.1 to 17.5 degrees Celsius. In the same period, the mean annual precipitation was between 800 and 851 millimeters . The minimum was found in the months of January, February and March with precipitation between 41 and 50 mm, the maximum in July with 101 to 110 mm.
history
main place
Maselheim was first mentioned in a document in 1245 when the possession of a Rudolfus de Masilhain (Rudolf von Masilhain) passed to the Heggbach monastery. Regarding the origin of the name, it is assumed that an Alemannic settler named Masalo began to settle in the 6th or 7th century . A lance tip was found on the Dürnach that could have come from a Merovingian grave.
In the years after 1245 the monastery bought numerous farms in the village and came more and more into the possession of the village. Previously, the Lords of Berg and the Lords of Steusslingen, among others, owned Maselheim. In 1269 the monastery finally became the sole owner of the village. Thereupon the village was dissolved and the farms were operated as grangie from the monastery, in 1324 the diocese of Constance described the village as depopulated. The Grangie was dissolved in 1330 and the village was repopulated. In 1442 the monastery got blood jurisdiction over Maselheim, after it had exercised the lower jurisdiction since 1267. After 1451 tithe farmers could again be found in Maselheim. In 1520 there were eight private estates in Maselheim . The peasant war left the community area relatively unmolested, in March 1525 the monastery was attacked by the peasants and on April 12th Georg Truchsess of Waldburg-Zeil marched into Sulmingen.
In 1803, after the secularization , Maselheim became the property of the Imperial Count von Waldbott von Bassenheim . Three years later it was incorporated into the Oberamt Biberach under the Kingdom of Württemberg . In 1828 the land survey was in Maselheim and the farms were given house numbers. Dr. Probst found fossils on Buchhaldenberg in 1857 . Maselheim had been served by the rural postal service since 1862 and had a postal agency from 1899. In the same year, the Öchsle Railway was connected to the railway network. The Royal Württemberg State Railways built the station buildings in Äpfingen and Maselheim as type IIa standard stations .
The place was connected to the power line in 1912. Out of 100 soldiers who participated in the First World War , 30. In the Second World War , 36 soldiers died and twelve were missing. Between 1942 and 1945, 14 Belgian prisoners of war were forced to work in Maselheim. On April 23, 1945 the French invaded with around 100 tanks and vehicles. It was not until 1972 that the thoroughfare was paved with asphalt and Maselheim was freed of dust.
In February 2012 the municipality of Maselheim received the European Energy Award (eea) with a result of 56.4 / 100 percent. The community's efforts include the passive house construction method for the new construction of the village community center in Sulmingen between 2011 and 2012 or a construction guideline for new buildings and renovations. Maselheim has been participating in the eea process since 2007.
Sub-locations
Apples
Äpfingen was mentioned for the first time in 1228 and the place name extension ingen suggests an Alemannic foundation. The origin of the village is assumed to be east of the Saubach, in the area of today's Sulminger Strasse and Hinteren Strasse. The lords of Äpfingen , whose castle was probably on the mountain in the direction of Sulmingen, acted as local lords . However, the similarity of the name with Öpfingen prevents a more precise assignment in the Middle Ages . The diocese of Würzburg owned Äpfingen until 1287, after which it passed into the possession of the Cistercian monastery of Salem . The bailiwick rights had among others in 1281 the lords of Essendorf and in 1385 and 1392 the Biberach citizens . In 1469 they also went to the Salem Monastery, which in 1606 also took over the jurisdiction of blood. Because of the secularization, Äpfingen became the property of the Princes of Thurn and Taxis . In 1806, Äpfingen became a municipality in the Kingdom of Württemberg.
Laupertshausen
Laupertshausen was first mentioned in 1275, the ending hausen indicates that it was founded in the Merovingian era. In 1361 Heinrich and Konrad von Essendorf named von Laupertshausen , as did the Biberach citizens Holzapfel in the 15th century. This family owned Laupertshausen as free property, half of which they sold to the Biberach hospital in 1468 and 1699 . As a result, the village was subordinate to the free imperial city of Biberach. First the village came to Baden in 1803 and to the Kingdom of Württemberg in 1806.
Sulmingen
With the Lords of Sulmingen , Sulmingen was first mentioned in 1250. They had the village as a fief from the empire . After 1277, the Heggbach monastery gradually came into the possession of the village. The Upper Jurisdiction had the Landvogtei Swabia , it went in 1606 to the Monastery of Salem. Heggbach was the owner of the village until 1803, after which it passed to the Counts of Plettenberg and the lower jurisdiction of Mietingen. After its dissolution, the community became part of the Laupheim Oberamt . In 1938 she came to the Biberach district.
Religions
As in the entire district area, the majority of the community residents belong to the Roman Catholic denomination . Each suburb is organized in a Catholic parish of the same name . The Evangelical denomination members in Maselheim are assigned to the parish of Ochsenhausen and in Äpfingen, Laupertshausen and Sulmingen to the parish of Warthausen .
Incorporations
The incorporation into the Maselheim community began in 1809 when Wennedach came to Maselheim for 13 years. The dissolved Heggbach Monastery became part of the municipality in 1810.
In 1968, the state of Baden-Württemberg began planning a community reform. This was passed in a law of 1973 and provided for the merger of Maselheim with Äpfingen, Laupertshausen and Sulmingen. A citizens' hearing on a possible merger was then carried out in each of the locations. In Maselheim around 92% voted in favor, in the other communities they voted against: Äpfingen (81%), Laupertshausen (86%) and Sulmingen (93%). In order not to endanger a merger premium from the state, the municipalities of Laupertshausen and Sulmingen on May 29, 1974 and Äpfingen on June 18, 1974 decided to merge. Then on January 1, 1975, Äpfingen, Laupertshausen and Sulmingen were incorporated into Maselheim. On the same date, Maselheim became part of the agreed administrative community Biberach.
Population development
The population development for the municipality of Maselheim has been available from the State Statistical Office of Baden-Württemberg since 1871. The figures from 1980 onwards are the status of the respective year as of December 31. The data before 1980 come from censuses , afterwards it is updates.
|
|
|
politics
administration
The main administration of the municipality is located in the town hall in Maselheim. There are also local administrations in the three suburbs of Äpfingen, Laupertshausen and Sulmingen.
Municipal council
In Maselheim, the municipal council is elected using the spurious selection of a part of town. The number of local councils can change due to overhang mandates . The local elections on May 26, 2019 led to the following preliminary final result. The municipal council consists of the elected voluntary councilors and the mayor as chairman. The mayor is entitled to vote in the municipal council.
| Parties and constituencies | % 2019 |
Seats 2019 |
% 2014 |
Seats 2014 |
City council election 2019
% 60 50 40 30th 20th 10
0
50.3%
49.7%
FW-CDU
UMU
Gains / losses
compared to
% p 8th 6th 4th 2
0
-2 -4 -6 -8th -7.1 % p
+ 7.1 % p
FW-CDU
UMU
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FW-CDU | Free voters - Christian Democratic Union of Germany | 50.3 | 10 | 57.4 | 10 | |
| UMU | Independent for people and the environment | 49.7 | 9 | 42.6 | 8th | |
| total | 100 | 19th | 100 | 18th | ||
| voter turnout | 57.5% | 56.6% | ||||
The local councils of Äpfingen and Laupertshausen each have eight members, while the local council of Sulmingen consists of six members.
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
mayor
Acting mayor of the community is Elmar Braun ( Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen ). He was elected on March 24, 1991 with 53 percent of the vote and prevailed against two competitors. He was the first mayor the party provided in the Federal Republic. In 1999 he was re-elected with almost 70 percent of the votes cast, in 2007 with 82.4 percent and in 2015 with 85.1 percent. The following table shows the mayor of Maselheim since 1895.
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
coat of arms
Maselheim coat of arms: In a shield quartered with silver and red in 2 and 3 a floating silver cross with paw ends; the whole shield is covered by a double-row slanting bar (Cistercian bar) made of silver and red.
In 1931 the coat of arms was adopted by the Heggbach Monastery in the colors blue and red. The colors were changed in 1955 on the recommendation of the Archives Directorate.
Culture and sights
The Oberschwäbische Barockstraße , the Mühlenstraße Oberschwaben and the Öchsle cycle path run through the community of Maselheim . The Upper Swabian part of the Way of St. James leads through the districts of Äpfingen and Laupertshausen from Nuremberg via Ulm to Santiago de Compostela . The scallop shell is part of the Laupertshausen coat of arms.
Museums
The " Oechsle ", a narrow gauge - railway museum , runs during the summer months on weekends on the track Warthausen - Ochsenhausen by Äpfingen, Sulmingen and Maselheim. In June 2005, the historic station in Maselheim represented the station of Giengen in the film about Margarete Steiff .
Memorials
A memorial plaque on the church in the district of Heggbach commemorates the 193 victims of the " euthanasia " campaign T4 from the Heggbach facilities , who were killed between 1940 and 1943 in Grafeneck or the Nazi extermination camps.
Buildings
- Schlossberg Castle (Heggbach)
- Sulmingen moated castle
- Heggbach Monastery : The former Cistercian monastery in Heggbach now houses the Heggbach facilities for the disabled .
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
In Äpfingen there is the only connection to a national traffic route, the driveway to federal highway 30 . The L 266 and 280 as well as the K 7504, 7505, 7506, 7507 and 7527 also cross the municipality.
Sons of the community
- Wilhelm Schubart (1808–1884), lawyer, senior bailiff, member of the state parliament
- Josef Moll (1908–1989), General in the Bundeswehr
- Helmuth Barth (1933–1991), animal filmmaker, cameraman for the 1972 Oscar-winning documentary Die Hellstrom Chronik
- Elmar Braun (* 1956), Mayor of Maselheim, Germany's first green mayor
- Eugen Schlachter (* 1957), politician (Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen), 2008–2011 member of the state parliament of Baden-Württemberg
literature
- Roland Schmid: 750 years of Maselheim. From the history of the village - stories from the village . Maselheim municipality 1995
- Roland Schmid, Georg Maier: 750 years of Sulmingen . Maselheim 2000 community
- Karl Hess, Robert Manz: Äpfingen. From the history of the village - stories from the village . Maselheim municipality 2009
- Bernhard Katein: Laupertshausen - The history of the village through the ages . Maselheim municipality 2010
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
- ↑ District Biberach (Ed.): Cycling and hiking map - With leisure information and the hiking trails of the Swabian Alb Association (scale 1: 50,000). 1997.
- ↑ Arne Heidel: Geomorphology of the German part of the Alps and the Alpine foothills . 1998. Retrieved June 23, 2009.
- ^ Otto Geyer, Manfred Gwinner: Geology of Baden-Württemberg . 4th revised edition. Swiss beard, Stuttgart 1991.
- ↑ State Office for Geology, Raw Materials and Mining: Geoviewer - Geoscientific overview maps ( Memento of the original from July 5, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Retrieved June 23, 2009.
- ↑ State Office for Geology, Raw Materials and Mining: Large Soil Landscapes (PDF; 378 kB) . Retrieved June 23, 2009.
- ↑ a b Baden-Württemberg State Statistical Office: Municipality of Maselheim . Retrieved June 21, 2009.
- ↑ State Office for the Environment, Measurements and Nature Conservation Baden-Württemberg: Climate Atlas Baden-Württemberg ( Memento of the original from September 4, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Retrieved June 20, 2009.
- ^ Roland Schmid: 750 years of Maselheim. P. 12 f.
- ^ Rainer Stein: The Württemberg standard station on branch lines . In: Eisenbahn-Journal Württemberg-Report . tape 1 , no. V / 96 . Merker, Fürstenfeldbruck 1996, ISBN 3-922404-96-0 , p. 80-83 .
- ^ Roland Schmid: 750 years of Maselheim. P. 241 ff.
- ^ Ministry for the Environment, Climate Protection and the Energy Sector Baden-Württemberg: Presentation of the European Energy Awards in Stuttgart. ( Memento of the original from February 27, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. um.baden-wuerttemberg.de, February 9, 2012. Accessed February 17, 2012.
- ↑ Stefanier Järkel: Ministry honors Maselheim - municipality receives European Energy Award for its climate protection efforts. schwaebische.de, February 10, 2012. Accessed February 17, 2012.
- ↑ Baden-Württemberg Ministry for the Environment, Climate Protection and the Energy Sector : Short texts on the municipalities, cities and districts that have received the European Energy Award® (eea). ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 127 kB). um.baden-wuerttemberg.de, February 9, 2012. Accessed February 17, 2012.
- ^ Roland Schmid: 750 years of Maselheim . (P. 235).
- ^ Roland Schmid: 750 years of Maselheim . (P. 237).
- ^ Roland Schmid: 750 years of Maselheim . (P. 239).
- ↑ State portal Baden-Württemberg: Denomination . Retrieved June 23, 2009.
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 545 .
- ^ Roland Schmid: 750 years of Maselheim . (P. 191).
- ^ Roland Schmid: 750 years of Maselheim . (P. 194).
- ↑ Memorial sites for the victims of National Socialism. A documentation. Volume I, Bonn 1995, p. 61, ISBN 3-89331-208-0 .
Achstetten | Alleshausen | Allmannsweiler | Altheim | Attenweiler | Bad Buchau | Bad Schussenried | Berkheim | Betzenweiler | Biberach an der Riss | Castles | Dettingen on the Iller | Dürmentingen | Dürnau | Eberhardzell | Erlenmoos | Erolzheim | Ertingen | Gutenzell-Hürbel | Hochdorf | Ingoldingen | Kanzach | Kirchberg an der Iller | Kirchdorf an der Iller | Langenenslingen | Laupheim | Maselheim | Mietingen | Mittelbiberach | Moosburg | Ochsenhausen | Oggelshausen | Riedlingen | Red on the red | Schemmerhofen | Schwendi | Seekirch | Steinhausen an der Rottum | Tannheim | Tiefenbach | Ummendorf | Unlingen | Uttenweiler | Wain | Warthausen