Moldova Veche

Moldova Veche Alt-Moldova Ómoldova
Help on coat of arms
Basic data
State :	Romania
Historical region :	Banat
Circle :	Caraș-Severin
Municipality :	Moldova Nouă
Coordinates :	44 ° 44 '  N , 21 ° 37'  E Coordinates: 44 ° 43 '30 "  N , 21 ° 37' 15"  E
Time zone :	EET ( UTC +2)
Residents :	9,510 (2002)
Postal code :	325550
Telephone code :	(+40) 02 55
License plate :	CS
Structure and administration
Community type :	Village

Danube port in Moldova Veche

Moldova Veche ( German Alt-Moldova , Hungarian Ómoldova ) is a Romanian village on the left bank of the Danube at the foot of the Banat Mountains . It is located in the Caraș-Severin district in the Banat region , southeast of the city of Moldova Nouă , into which Moldova Veche is incorporated.

history

A document mentions a castle on this site in 1588, which existed until the 18th century.

Until 1526 the settlement belonged to the Kingdom of Hungary and during the Ottoman rule (1526–1718) to the Vilâyet Timișoara. From 1718 to 1778 the village was part of the Habsburg crown domain Temescher Banat . In 1778 the Banat was awarded to the Kingdom of Hungary by Empress Maria Theresa . From 1849 to 1860 it was part of an independent crown land of the Voivodeship of Serbia and Temescher Banat .

After the Austro-Hungarian Compromise (1867), the Banat was incorporated into the Kingdom of Hungary ( Krassó-Szörény County ) within the Austro-Hungarian Dual Monarchy .

The Treaty of Trianon on June 4, 1920 resulted in the Banat being divided into three, whereby Moldova Veche fell to the Kingdom of Romania .

As a result of the Waffen-SS Agreement of May 12, 1943 between the Antonescu government and Hitler's Germany , all men of German origin who were conscripted into the German army. The Germans from Romania had to pay for this after Romania switched sides on August 23, 1944. Before the end of the war, in January 1945, all ethnic German women between the ages of 18 and 30 and men between the ages of 16 and 45 were deported to the Soviet Union for reconstruction work .

The Land Reform Act of March 23, 1945 , which provided for the expropriation of German farmers without compensation, as former members of the German ethnic group in Romania , deprived the rural population of their livelihood. At the same time, the houses of the Germans were also expropriated without compensation. Land and farmhouses were distributed to smallholders, farm workers and colonists from other parts of the country.

The nationalization law of June 11, 1948 , which provided for the nationalization of all industrial and commercial enterprises, banks and insurance companies, resulted in the expropriation of all commercial enterprises. In the early 1950s, the collectivization of agriculture took place.

Since the population along the Romanian-Yugoslav border was classified as a security risk by the Romanian government after the rift between Stalin and Tito and his exclusion from the Cominform alliance, "politically unreliable elements" were deported to the Bărăgan on June 18, 1951 . Steppe regardless of ethnicity. At the same time, the Romanian leadership aimed to break the resistance against the impending collectivization of agriculture. When the Bărăgan abductees returned home in 1956, the houses and farms expropriated in 1945 were returned to them. However, the field ownership was collectivized.

In 1956, the two places Moldova Veche and Moldova Nuoă merged to form the current municipality.

When pilots were still working for Danube shipping, Moldova Veche was a pilot exchange station.

Residents

In 1910 Moldova Veche had 2151 inhabitants (mostly Serbs). In 2002, Moldova Veche had 9510 inhabitants (Romanians, some of Serbian origin, 15 percent Serbs and 2 percent Hungarian speakers). One source states that 25,000 people lived in the region in 2012.

Population development

census		Ethnicity
year	Residents	Romanians	Hungary	German	Serbs
1880	1925	17th	9	63	1836
1910	2151	76	59	46	1970
1930	2113	363	36	33	1681
1941	2012	368	16	51	1577
1977	10371	7853	485	56	1977
1992	11793	9332	350	24	2087
2002	9510	7511	227	23	1749

Economy and Transport

The city's harbor is a developed natural harbor with 6 berths and a quay length of 560 meters. It is located on the 1047-1050 kilometers of the Danube and has a freight and a passenger terminal. Wood products, sand, gravel, stones and fertilizers are mainly handled in the largest Romanian Danube port. The berth for the passenger ships is a floating pontoon. Moldava Veche is connected by land to the national road Drum național 57 , which runs north along the Danube.

Buildings, monuments and nature

In Moldova Veche there is a Baptist church: Harul (Grace) , built in 1967. This replaces a church building that was opened in the same place in 1927. It was closed during World War II.

A war memorial in the center of the village commemorates the residents who lost their lives as soldiers on the western front during World War II . It was built a few years after the war as a result of civic engagement and contains the names of the victims on a white marble plaque.

Downstream from Moldova Veche begins the breakthrough valley of the Iron Gate with its cataracts, which extends to Drobeta Turnu Severin (left bank of the Danube) or Kladovo (right bank of the Danube).

See also

• List of German and Hungarian names of Romanian places
• Portal: Romania / List of localities in the Banat

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c} Danube River Cruises , page 304.
2. ↑ kia.hu , E. Varga: Statistics of the population by ethnicity in the Caraș-Severin district according to censuses from 1880 - 2002
3. ↑ Port of Moldova Veche (in English) ( Memento of the original from February 17, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
4. ^ Website of the Baptist Church in Moldova Veche ; accessed on March 22, 2015.