Mummehaus

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The Kniep'sche Haus , photo from 1893 with the facade inscription of
his successor Franz Steger

The Mummehaus , also known as Kniepsche Mummenbrauerei or Steger'sches Mummehaus , was initially a patrician house in the Renaissance style and finally a pub at Bäckerklint No. 4 in Braunschweig . The building dates from 1588. During the Second World War , it was so badly damaged by several Allied bombing raids in 1944 that the ruins were demolished in the post-war period.

history

There was a stone building on the property in the 15th century, which had belonged to the von Etze family until 1430. The Tonnies family owned it until 1477, then Mathias Volkering until 1527 and the Jacobs family until 1587. Because it was in disrepair, they sold it to Zacharias Clawes / Klawes in 1587, who had a new building built in 1588 ( insurance number 800). The family owned the house until 1610. Hennig Mummenkater followed until 1631, followed by Hans von Walsen until 1692 and then Nicolaus König until 1700. Johann Friedrich Häseler (1669 / 70–1748) finally bought it from him. The two coats of arms of Häseler and his wife Anna Dorothea (née Schaffeld [t], 1674–1748) were above the new entrance gate. The daughter Margarete Elisabeth (1710–1764) was married to Gottlieb Haeseler (1701–1750) from Magdeburg on February 20, 1730 . Their son was Christoph Heinrich Haeseler († 1784), whose son was the clergyman Johann Friedrich Ludwig Häseler (1732–1797). His daughter Christiane Henriette Louise Häseler (born September 17, 1746) had been married to Christoph Georg von Strombeck (1729–1801) since 1769.

designation

The designation "Mumme house" derives from the Braunschweiger Mumme , an alcoholic drink, similar to a strong beer from that there decades brewed and served was. In addition to HCF Nettelbeck and Franz Steger, Wilhelm Kniep ran one of the Mumme breweries in the city at the end of the 19th century. The large, ornate house itself was one of the city's attractions .

Building description

The Mummehaus 1897

The facade of the traufständigen house remained since 1588 unchanged for a long time. The building consisted of two massive, stone basement floors and a half-timbered structure from the 2nd floor. On the ground floor there was a single-storey "Däle". The gate to the street, which had a stone border and a coat of arms, was added later, probably around 1708 when it was taken over by Häseler. According to Georg Lübke, the wooden balustrade on the 2nd floor, which has triangular panels turned down at the tip, belongs to the late 17th century in terms of style. The 19 span wide half-timbered floor has baroque motifs with auricle ornamentation and masks in the parapet fields . In the 18th century, a large central gable was added and the small skylights came from the middle of the 19th century. The coat of arms attachment showed the coat of arms of the Häseler family, an Agnus Dei , in a red field, as well as the coat of arms of the Schaffeld family with a white lamb in a blue field.

The Eulenspiegel fountain, designed by Arnold Kramer , has stood just a few meters across from the house since 1906 . On the opposite side of the street, Bäckerklint 11, was the Eulenspiegelhaus until it was destroyed in World War II .

Destruction in World War II

The Bäckerklint, like the immediate and wider area, was severely, for the most part completely, destroyed by the numerous bomb attacks during the Second World War. In particular, the large half-timbered architecture of the historic precincts of the old town , are in the Bäckerklint and Mumme house was completely destroyed. Whole streets such as B. the Südklint , Radeklint , Güldenstrasse , Gördelingerstrasse and Scharrnstrasse either burned down immediately or were so badly damaged that the remaining ruins were torn down after the end of the war. The only building on the Bäckerklint that survived the bombing war almost completely without any damage is the Eulenspiegel fountain.

The Mummehaus was so badly damaged in a bombing raid on Braunschweig by over 140 Boeing B-17 "Flying Fortress" bombers of the 3rd Air Division, VIII Bomber Command, Eighth Air Force of the USAAF on February 10, 1944 at around 11:30 am only parts of the massive stone enclosing walls remained. 193 people were killed and 708 buildings were completely destroyed or damaged in the attack. The devastating bomb attack on October 15 of the same year caused further damage to this building. The ruins of the Mummehaus were demolished after the war. Only part of the entrance portal , called Mummetor , with the two family coats of arms has been preserved. It is now in the Municipal Museum on Löwenwall .

Former owners

The remains of the Mummetor . It has been in the Municipal Museum since 1975.
  • 1588 Zacharias Klawes as builder
  • From 1708 to 1858 or 1859 the Häseler merchant and trading family, the portal was designed with the coat of arms of the new owner and the half-timbered on the upper floor was renovated. This family already started producing beer there. The Braunschweig address book from 1847 or 1858 still lists a brewer Häseler as the owner of the house (No. 4/800).
  • For 1860 to 1867 there is a ship mummebrew Merkel in the address book.
  • In the years 1868 to 1887, the ship mummy brewery Wilhelm Kniep is given here. On the right of the facade he had the advertising text: “Doppelte Schiffmumme ... Wilhelm Kniep”. The roof had 12 rectangular skylights instead of the 10 small skylights that were later designed a little differently.
  • Franz Steger had been brewing beer in this building since 1888, which was also available in the bar. Before that he had a Mummebrauerei in the Celler Heerstraße 172/173. Steger advertised on the facade of the house with the inscription: "Mumme-Brauerei" on the left, "Headquarters and bar of the Franz Steger beer brewery" to the right of the portal. Since around 1906, the facade was only labeled with "Mumme-Haus" on the right, as a postcard from 1941 shows.

literature

Web links

Commons : Mummehaus  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 52 ° 15 ′ 55.6 "  N , 10 ° 30 ′ 53.8"  E

Individual evidence

  1. ^ IV: Alphabetical index of the streets ... In: Braunschweigisches Adress-Buch . Meyer, Braunschweig 1893, Sp. 292 ( tu-braunschweig.de [PDF]).
  2. ^ Friedrich Knoll : Braunschweig and surroundings. Historical-topographical handbook and guide through the monuments and art treasures of the city. 2nd ext. Ed., Goeritz & zu Putlitz, Braunschweig 1881, p. 133 ( tu-braunschweig.de ).
  3. ^ Jost Henning: Walk through old Braunschweig . Sutton Verlag, Erfurt 2015, ISBN 978-3-95400-507-9 , p. 77 ( books.google.de - excerpt).
  4. ^ Heinrich Meier : News about town houses of earlier centuries (end). In: Braunschweigisches Magazin. published by Paul Zimmermann , Nro. 9, April 25, 1897, p. 70.
  5. ↑ a b Georg Lübke: 12. The Mummehaus at Bäckerklint 4. - 13. The parish library of St. Andreas . In: Leaves for Architecture and Crafts . 20th year, no. 6 . Berlin July 1907, p. 26 , illustration on plate 66 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  6. ↑ Friedrich Karl von Strombeck: Representations from my life and from my time: in two parts . Vieweg, Braunschweig 1833, p. 19th ff . ( books.google.de ).
  7. ^ Friedrich Knoll: Braunschweig and surroundings. Historical-topographical handbook and guide through the monuments and art treasures of the city. P. 23 ( tu-braunschweig.de )
  8. ^ Heinrich Edel: The half-timbered houses of the city of Braunschweig. A picture of art and cultural history. In: Braunschweigische Heimat . Issue 3, 19th volume, Braunschweig 1928 p. 126 ( tu-braunschweig.de ).
  9. ^ Norman-Mathias Pingel: Eulenspiegelhaus. In. Manfred Garzmann , Wolf-Dieter Schuegraf (Ed.): Braunschweiger Stadtlexikon . Supplementary volume. Joh. Heinr. Meyer Verlag, Braunschweig 1996, ISBN 3-926701-30-7 , p. 43 .
  10. ^ Hartwig Beseler, Niels Gutschow: War fates of German architecture - losses, damage, reconstruction. Pp. 202-230.
  11. ↑ Henning Steinführer : The Brunswick Eulenspiegelbrunnen. Richard Borek Foundation, Braunschweig 2014, ISBN 978-3-00-045363-2 .
  12. ↑ Rudolf Prescher : The red rooster over Braunschweig. Air protection measures and aerial warfare events in the city of Braunschweig 1927 to 1945. (= Braunschweiger Werkstücke. Volume 18), Waisenhaus-Buchdruckerei, Braunschweig 1955, p. 111.
  13. ^ Eckart Grote: Target Brunswick 1943–1945. Air raid target Braunschweig - documents of destruction. Braunschweig 1994, ISBN 3-9803243-2-X , p. 29 (with photo).
  14. ↑ Gerd Spies: The Mummetor. In: Miscell the Städtisches Museum Braunschweig. No. 25. Städtisches Museum, Braunschweig 1976.
  15. ^ II. Division II: Directory of the streets ... In: Braunschweigisches Adress-Buch . Meyer, Braunschweig 1847, p. 29 ( tu-braunschweig.de [PDF]).
  16. ^ II. Division IV: Alphabetical directory of the streets ... In: Braunschweigisches Adress-Buch . Meyer, Braunschweig 1865, p. 125 ( tu-braunschweig.de [PDF]).
  17. ^ II. Division IV: Alphabetical directory of the streets ... In: Braunschweigisches Adress-Buch . Meyer, Braunschweig 1880, p. 20 ( tu-braunschweig.de [PDF]).
  18. ^ II. Division IV: Alphabetical directory of the streets ... In: Braunschweigisches Adress-Buch . Meyer, Braunschweig 1888, p. 243 ( tu-braunschweig.de [PDF]).
  19. ^ Postcard from the Mumme house. akpool.de, accessed on September 19, 2019 (sent as field post 1941).