Artis (zoo)

Artis
Full name	Natura Artis Magistra
place	Plantation birth , ; Amsterdam
surface	14 hectares
opening	1838
Animal species	786
Individuals	approx. 8200
organization
	Entrance of the Artis
	http://www.artis.nl/

Natura Artis Magistra ( Latin for: "Nature is the master (or teacher) of art"), Artis for short , is the zoological garden of the Dutch capital, Amsterdam .

There are around 8200 animals of 786 species in the park. It houses a zoological and geological museum, a planetarium , an aquarium , an insectarium , the permanent exhibition on bacteria and viruses " Micropia " and a hatchery. There are a variety of plants in the garden, including a large number of old trees. The footpaths and monumental historical buildings have retained their 19th century appearance. In the modern style building "De twee cheetahs" ( The Two Cheetahs ) is a restaurant.

history

The zoo was founded in 1838 by Gerard Westerman, JWH Werlemann and JJ Wijsmuller (also known as the three Ws). Initially, the park was only accessible to members. In 1851 the public was given access to the site during the month of September. From 1920 the zoological garden was open to the public all year round. Just Westerman saw Artis as the realization of the zeitgeist of the Enlightenment . From the beginning, the collection therefore included not only living animals and plants, but also a literary, zoological, geological and botanical collection.

Historic Buildings

There are 27 historical buildings on the site, including exotic houses of other ethnicities or special architecture influenced by other cultures.

Minangkabauhuis
Artis' library
Aquarium - street view
Entrance to the aquarium

Former plants

There was a prehistoric museum, which housed the permanent exhibition of the geological and prehistoric collection ( stegosaur skeleton , triceratops skull , skeleton of a Steller manatee , giant deer skeleton , megacerops skull , mammoth tusk ).

Collections

The prehistoric collection, which used to be in a separate building, was given to Naturalis in Leiden. It was rebuilt in the new zoological museum. Part of the zoological collection was given to Naturalis in Leiden. The remaining holdings will be exhibited in the zoological museum. The literary collection can be found in the library.

Zoological museum - still undeveloped
Monograph Trochilidae - Hummingbirds
Skeleton of a Steller manatee
Charniodiscus arboreus
Heijman's diorama - dune landscape
Artis' Library - Literary Collection

Zoological facilities

Exotic animals - ( House camel , House reindeer , alpaca , Watussirind , miniature donkeys )

Farm - farm animals of Europe - ( Kunekune , Shropshire , Cameroon sheep , Dutch goat , Anglo-Nubian goat , Galloway , goose , duck , turkey , chickens , pigeons , formerly also Zwartebless sheep , Göttingen mini- pigs )

Hatchery - rearing chicks .

Willow Bird conditioning - waders - ( Löffler , Knäckente , lapwing , ruff , curlew , redshank )

Monkey Rock and Monkey Island - Primates - ( Red-faced Macaque , Yellow-cheeked Gibbon , Red Vari )

Monkey house - mainly primates - ( white-headed saki , pygmy marmoset , white-faced marmoset , sloth , short-headed gliding pouch , ground cuscus leaf nose , pheasant , iguana )

Aviary - Birds - ( Bering beach runners , Nicobar Pigeon , Madagascar Weber , Kräuselhaubenperlhuhn , Inca tern , Waldrapp , year bird , hornbill , collared kingfisher , Schildturako )

Terrarium - reptiles and amphibians - ( Komodowaran , Sundgavial , reticulated , belt tail , Callagur turtle , thick neck turtle , Fiji Iguana , ctenosaura , hydrosaurus , Krustenechse , Scheltopusil , cobra , rattlesnake )

Predator terrace and predator gallery - ( lion , formerly also tiger , jaguar , lynx , leopard , serval , fossa )

Small mammal house - small mammal ( dwarf mongoose , gundi , mouse lemur , short-eared elephant , beautiful squirrel , dwarf otter , porcupine , ring- tailed lemur , potto , margay , hyrax , binturong , spotted marten )

Pampas plant - ( Vicunia , Lama , Flatland Tapir , Pamapashase , Anteater , Capybara , Jaguar , Tschaja , Chileflamingo )

Pheasantry - birds - ( giant toucan , hammerhead , blue-throated macaw , scarlet ibis , van-der-blanket toko , satyr tragopan , formerly also kammtalegalla )

Bear enclosure - bears - ( coatis and mandrill , formerly polar bear , spectacled bear and sloth bear )

Artis Aquarium - fish, invertebrates and amphibians - (Amsterdam canal basins, Amazon, coral atoll, coral reef, lungfish , historical hall, fresh water basin , salt water basin , amphibian gallery)

Penguin enclosure and sea lion enclosure ( African penguin , northern gannet and California sea lion )

Butterflypavilion - Butterflies - ( Atlas Moth , glass wing butterfly , Morpho , Hamadryasfalter , banana moth , Heliconiusfalter , Hummingbird , quail )

Mentzlerhalle - fauna and flora of Borneo - ( orchids , fruit pigeons , collar pigeons , kantschil , tupaja )

Insectarium - insects and spiders-like - ( Polynesian land snails , Fregatinselkäfer , rose chafer , Domino Beetle , Gespentheuschrecke , apple snails , scourge spider and tarantulas , formerly also antlion and termites )

Gorilla house - warm house - ( Western lowland gorilla , Diana cat , Aldabra giant tortoise , rhinoceros iguana , column tortoise , formerly also nailed manatee and the hippo Tanja)

Savannah area - African savannah animals - ( reticulated giraffe , Grevy's zebra , gauntlet , saber antelope , greater kudu , springbok , meerkat , blue-necked ostrich , helmeted guinea fowl , formerly also white-tailed wildebeest and klipspringer )

Elephant enclosure - ( Asian elephant )

Vulture aviary - European vulture - (Egyptian vulture , griffon vulture , black vulture )

Chimpanzee House - ( chimpanzee , yellow-faced tortoise )

Tongkonan - Fauna Sulwasis - ( Celebes Macaque , lowland Anoa )

Wolf House - Wild Dogs - ( African Wild Dog , Raccoon , Color Mouse )

Ruins - European birds of prey - ( snowy owl , little owl , kestrel , night heron )

lion
Giraffe mother with calf
Falcon couple
Sundagavial
Savanna panorama
Banana butterfly
Congo peacock
Anemone tank

art

When Artis was founded, art played a role as part of the philosophy of answering all fundamental questions about being, which is also reflected in the name of the garden. Many artists like Max Liebermann created works in the Artis Zoo, some of which are still exhibited in the park today.

The Parrot Man - Max Liebermann (1902)
African elephant
Running polar bear (1977)
Miniature chimpanzee Mafuka
Gorilla with cubs
Pot-bellied pig

Varia

The park is in possession of a letter from Charles Darwin asking for the zoo director's opinion on what would later be considered revolutionary views on evolution.

The last quagga in captivity died in Artis on August 12, 1883.

The "Micropia" department, which opened in September 2014, is the world's first zoo for bacteria and viruses .

Web links

Commons : Artis - collection of images, videos and audio files

Artis website (Dutch. Brief information also in German, French, Turkish)
Aerial photo (Google Maps)

52.366205555556 4.9159527777778Coordinates: 52 ° 21 '58.3 " N , 4 ° 54' 57.4" E