Nieuwe Kerk (Delft)
The Nieuwe Kerk ( German New Church ) is on the market square of Delft ( Zuid-Holland ) opposite the town hall. It is one of the largest churches in the Netherlands and a work of brick Gothic. The west tower is 109 meters high, the second highest in the country, but its upper floors are made of ashlar . The Nieuwe Kerk is the grave church of the Dutch royal family ; 45 members of the dynasty are buried here.
Building history
The church was founded in 1351 under the rule of Albrecht I of Bavaria , Duke of Straubing-Holland , and was consecrated to Saints Maria and Ursula . It was the second parish church in the city after what is now known as the Oude Kerk (Old Church) and was therefore given the name Nieuwe Kerk . In the course of the Reformation, the Nieuwe Kerk was transferred to the Dutch Reformed Church in 1572 .
The first church was a wooden makeshift building, around which a large late Gothic basilica was built from 1396 . After completion of the transept , the wooden church was dismantled. With the completion of the west tower on September 6, 1496, the church was completed after exactly 100 years of construction.
On May 3, 1536, a lightning strike in the west tower caused a major fire in the city, in which the church was badly damaged and parts of the city were also destroyed. The rebuilt spire was also destroyed by a lightning strike in 1872. Then the current spire was built, through which the west tower reaches a height of almost 109 meters. In the Netherlands, only the Utrecht Cathedral has an even higher tower. The 36 bells in the west tower date from 1660.
As is usual in Calvinist houses of worship, the interior of the church is kept simple. Most of the furnishings were destroyed in an iconoclasm in 1566, the stained glass windows in the town fire in 1536, their successors in the explosion of the Delft Powder Tower on October 12, 1654. Today's third generation of painted glass windows date from 1927–1936.
organ
The organ was built in 1839 by the organ builder Jonathan Bätz from Utrecht . The instrument has 48 registers on three manuals and a pedal .
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Sepulcher of the House of Orange-Nassau
The New Church became the burial place of the Orange people through a historical accident. Prince Wilhelm of Orange , the leader of the Dutch resistance against the Spaniards, stayed only briefly in Delft, but was murdered on July 10, 1584 in the prince's court there . The traditional burial place of the Orange people in Breda was still in Spanish hands, which is why the prince was buried in Delft. Since Wilhelm is considered the founder of the Dutch nation and the kings are derived from him to this day, Delft was retained as the burial place of the royal family. However, some Orange people were buried in other places, including Wilhelm's eldest son Philipp Wilhelm (in Diest ) and Wilhelm III. of Orange , who was buried with his wife Mary as King and Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland in London's Westminster Abbey. The grave of the direct ancestor of the Dutch and several other kings, Johann Wilhelm Friso von Nassau-Dietz , is located in the Grote of Jacobijnerkerk in Leeuwarden , as the members of the Frisian branch of the Nassau family were buried there from the end of the 16th century.
Wilhelm's grand grave is located in the choir of the New Church. In the old crypt below, next to some children's coffins, there are the coffins of Wilhelm, his last wife, their son Friedrich Heinrich and his family, as well as Moritz , whose prince title had passed to his half-brother. The coffins of the Orange people who died later are in the new grave cellar. The most recent funerals took place in 2002 ( Prince Claus ) and 2004 ( Queen Juliana and Prince Bernhard ).
Members of the royal family are buried in the Nieuwen Kerk
Name (regents in bold ) | born | died | buried |
---|---|---|---|
1. Prince William of Orange | 04/24/1533 | 07/10/1584 | 08/03/1584 |
2. Louise de Coligny , fourth wife of Prince Wilhelm | 23.09.1555 | 11/13/1620 | 05/24/1621 |
3. Ludwig, Prince of Bohemia, son of Elector Friedrich V of the Palatinate | 1623 | 1623 | unknown |
4. Prince Moritz of Nassau | 11/13/1567 | 04/23/1625 | 09/26/1625 |
5. Henriette Amalia, daughter of Prince Frederik Hendrik | 10/26/1628 | ??. 12.1628 | unknown |
6. Elisabeth von Oranien-Nassau , daughter of Prince Friedrich Heinrich | 08/04/1630 | 08/04/1630 | 08/18/1630 |
7. Heinrich Ludwig, son of Prince Frederik Hendrik | 11/30/1639 | 12/29/1639 | unknown |
8. Isabella Charlotte, daughter of Prince Friedrich Heinrich | 04/28/1632 | ??. 04.1642 | unknown |
9. Prince Friedrich Heinrich | 01/29/1584 | 03/14/1647 | 05/10/1647 |
10. Katharina Belgica , daughter of Prince Wilhelm | 07/31/1578 | 04/12/1648 | 05/05/1648 |
11. Amalie von Solms-Braunfels , wife of Prince Friedrich Heinrich | 08/31/1602 | 09/08/1675 | 12/21/1675 |
12. Prince Wilhelm II. | 05/27/1626 | 11/06/1650 | 03/08/1651 |
13. Stillborn daughter of Prince Wilhelm IV. | 12/19/1736 | 12/19/1736 | 12/22/1736 |
14. Prince Wilhelm IV. | 09/01/1711 | 10/22/1751 | 02/04/1752 |
15. Anna of Hanover , wife of Prince Wilhelm IV. | 11/02/1709 | 01/12/1759 | 02/23/1759 |
16. George, son of Karl Christian von Nassau-Weilburg | 12/18/1760 | 05/27/1762 | 07/01/1762 |
17. Stillborn daughter of Karl Christian, Prince of Nassau-Weilburg | 10/15/1767 | 10/15/1767 | 10/24/1767 |
18th son of Prince Wilhelm V. | 03/23/1769 | 03/24/1769 | 03/28/1769 |
19. Wilhelm Georg Friedrich , son of Prince Wilhelm V. | 02/15/1774 | 01/06/1799 | 07/03/1896 |
20. Wilhelmina Friederika Paulina, daughter of King Wilhelm I. | 01.03.1800 | 12/22/1806 | 04/07/1911 |
21. Prince Wilhelm V. | 03/08/1748 | 04/09/1806 | 04/29/1958 |
22. Friederika Louise Wilhelmina, daughter of Prince Wilhelm V. | 11/28/1770 | 10/15/1819 | 10/28/1819 |
23. Friederike Sophie Wilhelmine of Prussia , wife of Prince Wilhelm V. | 08/07/1751 | 06/09/1820 | 11/27/1822 |
24. Ernst Casimir, son of King Wilhelm II. | 05/21/1822 | 10/22/1822 | 05/11/1860 |
25. Wilhelm Friedrich Karl , son of Prince Friedrich Wilhelm Karl | 07/06/1833 | 11/01/1834 | 05/11/1834 |
26. Friederike Louise Wilhelmine of Prussia , wife of King Wilhelm I. | 11/18/1774 | 10/12/1837 | 10/26/1837 |
27 King William I | 08/24/1772 | 12/12/1843 | 01/02/1844 |
28. Frederik , son of Prince Friedrich Wilhelm Karl | 08/22/1836 | 01/23/1846 | 01/28/1846 |
29. Alexander , son of King Wilhelm II. | 08/02/1818 | 02/20/1848 | 04/21/1848 |
30. King Wilhelm II. | 12/06/1792 | 03/17/1849 | 04/04/1849 |
31. Wilhelm Friedrich Moritz Alexander Heinrich Karl, son of King Wilhelm III. | 09/15/1843 | 06/04/1850 | 06/10/1850 |
32. Anna Paulowna , wife of King Wilhelm II. | 01/18/1795 | 03/01/1865 | 03/17/1865 |
33. Louise Augusta Wilhelmina Amalie of Prussia , wife of Prince Friedrich Wilhelm Karl | 02/01/1808 | December 06, 1870 | December 21, 1870 |
34. Amalia von Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach , wife of Prince Heinrich | 05/20/1830 | 05/01/1872 | 05/17/1872 |
35. Sophie von Württemberg , wife of King Wilhelm III. | 06/17/1818 | 06/03/1877 | 06/20/1877 |
36. Heinrich , son of King Wilhelm II. | 06/13/1820 | 01/13/1879 | 01/25/1879 |
37. Wilhelm Nikolaus Alexander Friedrich Karl Heinrich , son of King Wilhelm III. | 09/04/1840 | 06/11/1879 | 06/26/1879 |
38.Wilhelm Friedrich Karl , son of King Wilhelm I. | 02/28/1797 | 09/08/1881 | 09/23/1881 |
39. Wilhelm Alexander Karl Heinrich Friedrich, son of King Wilhelm III. | 08/25/1851 | 06/21/1884 | 07/17/1884 |
40. King Wilhelm III. | 02/19/1817 | 11/23/1890 | December 4th, 1890 |
41. Emma zu Waldeck and Pyrmont , regent, wife of King Wilhelm III. | 08/02/1858 | 03/20/1934 | 03/27/1934 |
42. Heinrich von Mecklenburg-Schwerin , husband of Queen Wilhelmina | 04/19/1876 | 07/03/1934 | 07/11/1934 |
43. Queen Wilhelmina | 08/31/1880 | 11/28/1962 | December 8, 1962 |
44. Claus von Amsberg , husband of Queen Beatrix | 09/06/1926 | 10/06/2002 | 10/15/2002 |
45. Queen Juliana | 04/30/1909 | 03/20/2004 | 03/30/2004 |
46. Bernhard zur Lippe-Biesterfeld , husband of Queen Juliana | 06/29/1911 | 12/01/2004 | 12/11/2004 |
See also
Web links
- Website of the Oude en Nieuwe Kerk Delft (including Dutch, German, English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Bätz organ Nieuwe kerk at www.kerkconcertendelft.nl
- ^ René ten Dam: Delft - Overzicht van de grafkelder van Oranje-Nassau in de Nieuwe Kerk. on dodenakkers.nl ( Memento of the original from February 26, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ; accessed on February 25, 2018
Coordinates: 52 ° 0 '44.1 " N , 4 ° 21' 38.4" E