Nicolas Auguste de La Baume

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Nicolas Auguste de La Baume de Montrevel (oil painting in the Préfecture de Strasbourg)
Coat of arms of the La Baume-Montrevel family

Nicolas Auguste de La Baume , marquis de Montrevel (born December 23, 1645 in Paris , † October 11, 1716 ibid), was a Marshal of France . He was commonly known as the Maréchal de Montrevel .

Life

La Baume was the son of Ferdinand de La Baume, comte de Montrevel, lieutenant-général des armées du roi , governor of the provinces of Bresse and Bugey , and Marie Olier-Nointel.

He grew up at the court of the King of France together with the children of Henri de Lorraine, comte d'Harcourt , Grand écuyer de France .

From 1665 he was married to Isabelle de Veyrat-de Paulian, dame de Cuisieux, daughter of Jean, seigneur de Paulian, and Isabelle de Saint-Gilles. It was the third marriage of the lady who had previously been married to Augustin de Forbin, Seigneur de Souliers, and to Armand de Crussol, known as Comte d'Uzès.

The only descendant was Henri de La Baume.

Military career

After mobilization on the occasion of the War of Devolution , he was entrusted with a company of cavalry . After engaging in a duel in Lyon , he first had to leave the kingdom.

After his return in 1667, he distinguished himself in the same year at the sieges of Douai , Tournai , Lille and Oudenaarde . The following year he was wounded in the thigh by a musket ball while trying to free a convoy encircled by the enemy at the Spiere-Helkijn bridge . He was one of the first to advance across the Rhine with the French army in 1672 . He was wounded several times, including a saber cut in the face.

Dutch War

La Baume was Mestre de camp en second of the Regiment d'Orléans cavalerie , with which he was able to distinguish himself under the Maréchal Turenne during the war in Germany and in Holland. He took part in the battle of Seneffe , the relief of Oudenaarde, the siege of Maastricht and the battle of Türkheim . He became commander of the Royal Cavalerie Regiment .

Under Louis XIV he served in the pursuit of the enemy in Alsace . After his father's resignation, he moved up as Lieutenant du Roi in Bresse, Bugey , Valromey and the County of Charolais .

As Mestre de camp he served in the campaigns in the county of Flanders during the siege of Condé and Aire . In 1677 he was promoted to brigadier des armées du roi of the cavalry. After he had been able to distinguish himself again in the Battle of Cassel , he was appointed "Commissaire-Général de la cavalerie". He accompanied the king during the sieges of Ghent and Ypres .

Reunion War (1683–1684)

In 1684 he took part in the siege of Luxembourg , the battle of Fleurus and the capture of Namur. In 1699 he was promoted to Maréchal de camp and served in the following campaigns under the Maréchal d'Humières and the Maréchal Luxembourg .

War of the Palatinate Succession

In 1788 La Baume was appointed lieutenant-general . At the same time he was given command of a separate corps with which he had to protect the French border for the next five winters. Appointed governor of the fortress of Mont-Royal , he then took part in the campaigns in Germany and Flanders under the command of the Grand Dauphin .

Mont-Royal fortress

Cevennes War

On January 14, 1703, La Baume was appointed Maréchal de France. In the same year he took over the command of Victor-Maurice, comte de Broglie , over the troops stationed there in Languedoc . These had been drawn together to fight the Huguenot camisards . He became notorious for his brutal conduct, the slaughter and deportation of the population, and the burning of hundreds of villages. (In retrospect he was accused of having burned a total of 466 villages and hamlets between October and December 1703.) The massacres of the population did not produce the desired result, but turned into the opposite. On April 21, 1704 he was replaced by the Maréchal de Villars .

End of career

Until 1716 he replaced the Marquis de Sourdis as governor in the Duchy of Guyenne . He then found himself in Alsace and then in Franche-Comté without anything being known about his functions. On February 2, 1705, La Baume was made Knight of the Ordre du Saint-Esprit .

He died in Paris on October 11, 1716 and was buried in the Saint-Sulpice church .

literature

Footnotes

  1. just a title that guaranteed the carrier lucrative income
  2. Le déroulement de la guerre 1702-1704. In: Musée virtuel du protestantisme.

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