Supreme Mill (Gladbach)

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Supreme Mill

The top mill on the original cadastral map

The top mill on the original cadastral map

Location and history
Oberste Mühle (North Rhine-Westphalia)
Supreme Mill
Coordinates 51 ° 11 '30 "  N , 6 ° 25' 54"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 11 '30 "  N , 6 ° 25' 54"  E
Location GermanyGermany Germany
Waters Gladbach
Built First documented mention in 1210
Shut down 1943 by a bomb attack
technology
use Flour mill
Grinder 2 grinding courses
drive water wheel
water wheel undershot

The upper mill was a watermill with an undershot water wheel on the Gladbach in the city of Mönchengladbach .

geography

The Oberste Mühle was located on the left side of the Gladbach, at the former Weiher-Tor, at what is now the confluence of Weiherstrasse and Lüpertzender Strasse. It was the first mill on the Gladbach. Below was the Flieschermühle . The area on which the mill building stood has a height of approx. 62 m above sea ​​level .

Waters

The Gladbach, (GEWKZ 28614), which is also the namesake of the city of Mönchengladbach, has been an important lifeline for centuries. It supplied the residents and a total of eight mills with water and was the origin of the flourishing textile industry in Mönchengladbach. The approximately 6.3 km long Gladbach rises in Waldhausen , crossed the districts of Pesch and Lürrip and flowed into the Niers at Uedding . Today it is mostly piped and flows from Volksbadstrasse at 1,904 m as an open channel along the Mönchengladbach – Düsseldorf railway line to the Niers. The catchment area of ​​the body of water is 26.208 km 2 . The care and maintenance of the water is incumbent on NEW AG .

history

The upper mill was first mentioned in 1210, when Abbot Hermann I (1190–1200) acquired the mill together with the Fliescher and Krallsmühle from his own resources and bequeathed them to the monks' convent . The mill was an undershot fruit mill that was awarded by the convent with a lease . Over the course of time, this resulted in changes to the name of the mill. So the upper mill was also called Scherrenmühle , Scharrenmühle or Horns Mühle .

During the Thirty Years War the mill was burned down in November 1640. The same thing happened on September 19, 1642 when the barn belonging to the mill burned down when the city was liberated. After the liberation, the mill was rebuilt. From 1790 the monks managed the mill again. On October 8, 1803, Johann Compes bought the upper mill as part of the secularization for 7,700 francs . In 1840 the Horn brothers bought the mill and converted it into a hydropower-powered spinning mill . During the Second World War , the mill was destroyed in a bomb attack.

gallery

  • Former location of the supreme mill

  • The Geroweiher near the Supreme Mill

  • City wall at the previous location

  • Plaque of the former city fortifications

  • The supreme mill on the tranchot map 1803-1820

  • The Gladbach as an open channel

  • Signs show the course of the Gladbach canal

literature

  • Hans Vogt: Lower Rhine water mill guide , 2nd edition. Niederrhein Association, Krefeld 1998, ISBN 3-00-002906-0 , pp. 497-499.
  • Robert Lünendonk: On the trail of the Gladbach and its mills . 2008, ISBN 3-8375-0030-6 , 1st edition, pp. 54-55.
  • Robert Lünendonk: The Niers and their mills . 2012, ISBN 978-3-8375-0741-6 , pp. 66-70.

Web links

Commons : Supreme Mill  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ German basic map 1: 5000
  2. ↑ http://www.lanuv.nrw.de/fileadmin/lanuv/wasser/pdf/Gewaesserverzeichnis%20GSK3C.xls