Ottonianum (Landshut)

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The Ottonianum, west view (2012)

The Ottonianum (also Balsschlösschen and Balskeller ) is a former citizens' palace and boarding school building in Landshut in Lower Bavaria. Today the building houses the city's youth hostel .

The complex is registered as a monument with the number D-2-61-000-469 by the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation and is part of the architectural monuments in the old town of Landshut .

history

The ruin of the castle was described in 1644 in Topographia Bavariae by Matthäus Merian as "Abgebrant Schlößl"
The restored castle in 1723 in Historico-topographica descriptio Bavariae by Michael Wening

During excavations in 2015, archaeologists found that the area of ​​the Ottonianum was already inhabited in the Hallstatt period.

In the 15th century, the property was integrated into the city ​​wall and was operated by the dukes as a foundry to equip their troops. The gunsmiths made weapons such as field snakes , cannons and hook rifles , but church bells were also cast. In the tax books of Landshut, the facility was first mentioned in 1493 as the “ducal watering garden”. At that time the building had a castle-like appearance, with high walls, small windows and a hipped roof .

The Landshut city model by Jakob Sandtner from 1570 shows the earliest depiction of the building that was used as an estate at that time. From 1601 it was privately owned and served as a residential building.

When the Swedes visited the city three times during the Thirty Years' War (1632, 1634 and 1648), the first time the citizens surrendered, but the second time they met they embarked on a battle. However, the Swedish troops were able to conquer Landshut and Trausnitz Castle on July 22, 1634 , the city wall was first shot at and the castle burned down.

Reconditioned, it was used from 1802, surrounded by gardens, as an excursion and viewing café and changed hands several times. Among other things, Carl von Theodori owned the property, and the building was named Theodorischlösschen after him . The Bals brewery family had owned the building since 1808, and the small castle developed into a popular entertainment venue as a "restaurant on the mountain", where evening parties , bowling and shooting competitions were held. In 1839 the building was converted into a summer cellar by Johann Baptist Bernlochner for the master brewer Josef Bals and served as a beer cellar for serving during the summer. It was named Balsschlösschen or Balskeller after him .

In 1882 the city of Landshut had the house converted into a boarding school for the royal secondary school. Among other things, the later writer Hans Heinrich Ehrler attended the school. Around 1900 the building was widened by adding an additional dormitory on the courtyard side. By resolution of the city council, it was named Educational Institute Ottonianum from 1920 in memory of Otto I , the first Bavarian duke.

The boarding school was closed in 1937 and was the seat of the district leadership of the NSDAP until 1945 . After the war, the building served briefly as a refugee camp and makeshift school building for the Hans-Carossa-Gymnasium Landshut . After that it was a military hospital and an auxiliary hospital for patients with lung diseases until the Landshut Clinic was completed in 1965 . The city's youth hostel has been housed in the building since 1968.

description

Courtyard side of the Ottonianum (2005)

The listed Ottonianum is located above the southern old town on a terrace on the ascent to the Hofberg. It is a stately two-storey hipped roof building with arched windows and clearly shows elements of the Biedermeier era . On the courtyard side, the building widens with two loggias bordered by columns with Corinthian capitals . The associated portal is located on Alte Bergstrasse and consists of columns with a segmented gable . It is fitted between the Ottonianum and the city wall.

literature

  • Maximilian B. von Chlingensperg: The Kingdom of Bavaria in its ancient, historical, artistic and picturesque beauties , third volume, Verlag Georg Franz, Munich 1854, pp. 185–186

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ List of monuments for Landshut (PDF) at the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation (PDF; 256 kB)
  2. ↑ Article in the Landshuter Wochenblatt on April 29, 2015, accessed on January 27, 2017
  3. ^ Georg Spitzlberger : The Duchy of Bavaria-Landshut and its residential town 1392–1503 , Verlag Isar-Post, Landshut 1993, p. 82
  4. ↑ Werner Ebermeier: Landshut in the Thirty Years War , Landshut 2001, ISBN 3-924943-22-2 , p. 94
  5. ^ Alois Staudenraus: Topographical-statistical description of the city of Landshut in Bavaria and its surroundings, Verlag Attenkofer, Landshut 1835, p. 39
  6. ↑ Culture guide of the city of Landshut , accessed on February 1, 2017
  7. ↑ Werner Ebermeier: The history of the Hans-Carossa-Gymnasium in Landshut 1629-2004 , Herbert Utz Verlag, Munich 2004, ISBN 978-3831604142 , p. 127
  8. ↑ History of the Landshut Youth Hostel

Coordinates: 48 ° 31 ′ 51 ″  N , 12 ° 8 ′ 57 ″  E