Berchem Palace

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Palais Berchem, view from the southeast

The Palais Berchem is a city palace in the Briennerstraße 22 at the confluence of Türkenstraße in Munich district Maxvorstadt . It is named after the family of the builder, Count Cajetan von Berchem , and was the third palace of this family in the Bavarian capital. The first one was not in the current location, but on Salvatorstrasse in Munich's old town .

The neoclassical palace was built from 1897 according to plans by the architect Gabriel von Seidl and - simply rebuilt after war damage - now serves as the administration building of the Bayerische Landesbank . It is registered as an architectural monument in the list of architectural monuments in Munich and is therefore under monument protection .

history

First palace

The Kühbogen seen from Salvatorstrasse, around 1912

In 1676, the electoral secret council , Anton von Berchem, bought two houses in Munich's Theatinerstraße , which were on both sides of Kühgässel (later Salvatorstraße), and subsequently built a palace on these properties. He followed a trend of that time, according to which the court society and higher officials settled near the residence in the Kreuzviertel and built representative residences there. Anton von Berchem came from a family originally resident in Cologne , who provided the head of the goldsmiths' guild there as early as 1491 . After the Thirty Years' War he went to Bavaria, and his family bought large amounts of property in the Munich area. Family members served the Bavarian ruling house as officers, rent masters , as secret conference ministers , as presidents of the court chamber and commerce. In order to connect the two properties separated by the Kühgässel, Anton von Berchem received permission to bridge the narrow street with a connecting structure. This vaulting over the Kühgässel was first called Perchem-Bogen, and from the 19th century onwards it was called Kühbogen. The drafts for the entire new building came from the court builder Enrico Zuccalli , who was also involved in the construction of the neighboring Theatinerkirche as well as the Schleissheim Palace and the Palais Porcia . The 13-axis facade of the Palais Berchem on Theatinerstraße was similar to the design of the adjoining Theatinerkloster, but differed from it by bay windows on the first floor. On the side of the later Salvatorstrasse was the strongly profiled entrance gate , next to which the high Belvedere tower stood. The von Berchem family owned the palace until 1817, when it passed into other hands. During the Second World War , the building was destroyed in bombing raids.

Second and third palaces

The second Palais Berchem was on Brienner Strasse in Maxvorstadt and at that time still had house number 49. The building was opposite the Wittelsbacher Palais and was on the way to the summer residence at Nymphenburg Palace . The building was built in 1819 by the building contractor and master carpenter Franz Xaver Gampenrieder for Count Cajetan von Berchem. Only 80 years later, the royal treasurer, Count Maximilian von Berchem, commissioned the architect Gabriel von Seidl with a new building in 1897 to replace the previous building. Von Seidl provided designs for a residential building in neoclassical forms. The construction work was in the hands of a master builder Pansinger. Georg Lenbach, a brother of the painter Franz von Lenbach, was commissioned as master mason . The old palace was demolished in the summer of 1897 and the foundations were laid for the new building, the shell of which was under roof in December of the same year. The expansion and extensive work on the interior design lasted until June 1899. In 1914, the court lady Ernestine Countess von Berchem resided in the palace .

In 1920 the Bayerische Gemeindebank (Girozentrale) moved into the building, which was expanded to the north in 1927. In 1933 the extension was increased by the architect Hans Wagner. In 1939, the photographer Heinrich Hoffmann documented the conditions in this banking company in his stereoscopic “Raumbildbuch” entitled Our Work - Our Life . The palace was badly damaged in an air raid during World War II and rebuilt in simplified form after the end of the war. The facade reconstruction under the direction of Gustav Gsaenger was carried out according to the historical model. His house number was changed from 49 to 22 in 1956. Today the building houses offices of the Bayerische Landesbank.

description

Facade of the Palais on Brienner Strasse

The Palais Berchem is a cubic building with three full and one mezzanine floors , which is closed off by a tent roof. The simple core building from the end of the 19th century shows five window axes and symmetrically structured facades on both the side facing Brienner Strasse and Türkenstrasse . There are two smooth upper floors above the rusticated ground floor. The mezzanine is decorated with a framework. On the side facing Brienner Straße, there is an opening in the middle of the facade on the ground floor and on the first floor , which accommodates the three central axes. Furthermore is on the second floor, a balcony with balusters - parapet . Only the stuccoed staircase remains of the neoclassical interior of the house .

The core building is followed by a more recent multi-storey extension building to the north.

literature

  • Bavarian Architects and Engineers Association (Hrsg.): Munich and its buildings. F. Bruckmann, Munich 1912, pp. 149-150 ( digitized version ).
  • Hans Bößl: Gabriel von Seidl (= Upper Bavarian Archive. Volume 88). Historic Association of Upper Bavaria, Munich 1966, ISSN  0342-1686 , p. 76.
  • Konstantin Köppelmann, Dietlind Pedarnig: Munich Palais. Allitera, Munich 2016, ISBN 978-3-86906-820-6 , p. 42.
  • Helmuth Stahleder : House and street names in Munich's old town. Hugendubel, Munich 1992, ISBN 3-88034-640-2 , p. 598.

Web links

Commons : Palais Berchem  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c d e Bavarian State Office for the Preservation of Monuments (ed.): List of architectural monuments in Munich. As of December 7, 2015 ( PDF ; 1.8 MB).
  2. ^ Bavarian Architects and Engineers Association: Munich and its buildings. 1912, pp. 149-150.
  3. ^ Adolf Roth:  Berchem. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 2, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1955, ISBN 3-428-00183-4 , p. 62 ( digitized version ).
  4. ↑ a b Helmuth Stahleder: House and street names in Munich's old town. Hugendubel, Munich 1992, ISBN 3-88034-640-2 , p. 598.
  5. ↑ Bavarian Architects and Engineers Association (ed.): Munich and its buildings. F. Bruckmann, Munich 1912, p. 150 ( digitized version ).
  6. ↑ a b c d e Hans Bößl: Gabriel von Seidl. 1966, p. 76.
  7. ^ Description of the palace in the Munich Wiki , accessed December 7, 2015.
  8. ^ Munich Chamber of Commerce (ed.): Address book for Munich and the surrounding area 1914. Munich Chamber of Commerce, Munich 1914, p. 111 ( digitized version ).
  9. ↑ K. Köppelmann, D. Pedarnig: Münchner Palais. 2016, p. 42.

Coordinates: 48 ° 8 ′ 39 "  N , 11 ° 34 ′ 18.3"  E