Parsberg (noble family)

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Family coat of arms of those of Parsberg, after Siebmacher (seal of Dietrich von Parsberg, 1298)

Parsberg is the name of a Bavarian aristocratic family that died out in the Bavarian male line in 1730.

history

Parsberg Castle
Gravestone of Eichstatt Bishop Friedrich II. Von Parsberg
Gravestone of the knight Hans von Parsberg in the Parsberg parish church

Origin and headquarters

The von Parsberg family is a Bavarian noble family (see also list of Bavarian noble families ). The name-giving headquarters is in Parsberg in the Neumarkt district in Upper Palatinate . Among the Lords of Parsberg there were some who have gained supra-local importance, namely in the secular and lordly administrative area, in the church and in the military area.

Parsberg nobles in secular administrative service

While Parsberg Castle was first mentioned in a document in 1205, the oldest known document in which the Parsberg family is documented dates from November 30, 1224. In this document, Heinrich von Bartisperi in Regensburg acts as a representative of the Parsberg family alongside Konrad von Rackendorf and others Ministerials as a witness.

The next mention in a document comes from 1238, in which a Konrad de Parsberg also appears as a witness; this time for the episcopal city of Eichstätt . Konrad was the brother of Heinrich named in the document from 1224.

The fact that the Parsbergers were summoned as witnesses in these two documents shows that at that time they were already part of the regional leadership, who were always involved in important legal transactions at the focal points of the lordly events of the region, i.e. in Regensburg and Eichstätt. From this time on, the gentlemen von Parsberg are to be pursued continuously. Especially after the first division of Bavaria in 1255, they even came to the fore for half a century under the dukes Ludwig the Strict and Rudolf I. For two generations you were among the most important followers of the sovereigns in the sub-duchy of Upper Bavaria and appear as ministerials in their service.

This is most clearly noted in an Eichstätter fief book from the beginning of the 14th century; the work is named by the Parsbergers among the homines ducis Bavariae , that is, among the followers of the Duke of Bavaria. During the late Middle Ages they were always counted among the Bavarian landed nobility.

Knight Heinrich (2) von Parsberg held a very high position between 1272 and 1299 with the office of Reichsschultheissen von Neumarkt in the vicinity of the important Reichsburg Nuremberg and the associated Reich rule Neumarkt and is mentioned in several documents as a top bureaucrat. The Reichsschultheiß represented the mostly absent king or emperor, his interests and the interests of the empire.

Konrad (2) von Parsberg has to have completed a degree after having obtained a master's degree in certificates. The medieval title of Magister is roughly equivalent to a doctorate today. Such an education is very unusual for a nobleman at this time, especially since there was no high school or university in the whole empire at that time. Nobles at that time usually learned fencing, fighting, horse riding, dancing ... but they did not study. Unfortunately, it is no longer possible to determine where Konrad (2) studied. In Alois Schmid's opinion , one of the most likely to think about this is training in Italy.

He was richly endowed in four dioceses, namely in Eichstätt, Regensburg, Freising and Augsburg, had several canons and parishes in his hands and became a cathedral canon, archdeacon and archpriest in Eichstätt. In typical medieval fashion he held a large number of offices, whereby v. a. the income from these interested. He did not exercise these offices all at the same time and personally, but instead, as was often the case at the time, had them looked after by poorly paid vicarious clergy. In the diocese of Regensburg he worked as dean of the cathedral in a leading position.

Konrad (2) von Parsberg must have been very successful in accumulating benefices with a remarkably wide radius of action. He must have been so successful at this that eventually even the Holy See in Rome became aware of it and asked him to return some of these benefices, which he finally did.

Konrad (2) was also in the service of Duke Rudolf I and held important functions in the area around the ducal court. The Parsberg is documented in 36 duke deeds between 1281 and 1313. In 1295 it says B. that he was "Concilianius" of the Duke, so advice of the Duke. Another document calls him "Officialis" (official). Elsewhere he is listed as a "court chaplain" with special tasks; This document says clericus specialis . In 1296 Duke Rudolf I called him Electus familiaris (his dear confidante). Finally, Konrad rose to become protonotary of Duke Rudolf I of Upper Bavaria.

This position represented the high point of Konrad's career in the service of the Duke. The protonotary was the head of the ducal chancellery, which handled the administrative business. He ensured that the required papers and certificates were properly drawn up. These were pre-formulated in terms of content by a notary and formally prepared by a clerk. The protonotary had to check, correct and improve the text and was ultimately responsible to his chief employer for the correctness of the content and form of the finished script. One can best compare the position of a protonotary at that time with the head of the State Chancellery; so this was an extremely important office.

In this position Konrad von Parsberg is proven in 18 legal documents. He held this office for a longer period of time: the first document still known today in which Konrad was active as a protonotary comes from 1295, the last from 1310.

He also used his high position to take care of his immediate relatives. So he was able to bring his two brothers Heinrich and Dietrich von Parsberg into high positions. Both brothers held the office of a vice (lat. Vice-dominus) around 1300 , that is, they were deputies of Duke Rudolf I. A vice today roughly corresponds to the office of regional president. In what was then Upper Bavaria, there were only two such Viztume, which were both occupied by Parsbergers. Each had to administer about half of the duchy. One was based in Munich , the other in Burglengenfeld .

For decades, Duke Rudolf I had a dispute with his younger brother Ludwig the Bavarian , who eventually ousted him from the political scene. Rudolf probably had to leave the field, so that after 1310 the Parsbergers Konrad, Heinrich and Dietrich had to give up their management positions. Parsberg had been one of Rudolf I's most important points of rule. So it is not surprising that in 1315 the ancestral seat of these Parsbergers, Parsberg Castle, was badly damaged or even destroyed by Ludwig of Bavaria as part of this conflict, which was also fought militarily. With the same loyalty as the Parsbergs served Rudolf I, they were now subject to Ludwig the Bavarian who had risen to become German king, which he rewarded with imperial immediacy.

In the Bavarian state administration of the following century, the Parsbergers can no longer be found in comparably high positions; they only held subordinate positions such as district judge and clerk v. a. in the courts north of the Danube. It took more than a century for the Parsberg family to regain their former importance.

In 1438, the Wittelsbach ruler of the "Upper Palatinate", Christoph von Pfalz-Neumarkt, rose to become the Union King of Denmark, Sweden and Norway. Already in 1439 it made provision for the case that Christopher would inherit the legacy in Pfalz-Neumarkt, and ruled that in this case H ans of Parsberg should take-Palatinate Neumarkt the governorship in. This decision was actually carried out. Hans (2) von Parsberg took over the governorship in Palatinate-Neumarkt in 1443 together with his relative Martin von Wildenstein and thus became the king's deputy in his home country in the Upper Palatinate until 1447. At this time, Christoph (1) von Parsberg and Werner belonged (2) von Parsberg to the Upper Palatinate Court Councilor installed in Denmark by Christoph von Bayern, as he was called in Scandinavia. The Parsbergs played an important role again.

Members of the Parsberg family, namely Christoph (1) and Werner (2) von Parsberg, were taken to Scandinavia by this King Christoph to help him with the administration. While Christoph (1) von Parsberg returned home after the king's death in 1447, Werner (2) von Parsberg had meanwhile married in the north and thus established the Danish line of the Parsberg family in Denmark . Even today there are traces of the Parsbergs to be found there, e.g. B. in Gavnø Castle or streets named after Parsberg ("Parsbergsvej"), as Mr. August Pokolm documented on a study trip to Denmark.

In the middle of the 15th and 16th centuries, the Parsbergers served the Wittelsbachers, who no longer belonged to the Bavarian, but to the Palatinate line and were more oriented towards Heidelberg. In the Palatinate-Neuburg regional administration we also meet the Parsbergers in various offices, but no longer in such high levels, but only in offices at a middle level; there was thus a clear decline in the importance of the Parsberg family.

Parsberg nobles in the service of the church

Manfred Jehle writes the following literally in the source mentioned below about Bishop Friedrich von Eichstätt:

Bishop Friedrich von Eichstätt (1237–1246) from the Parsberg family was also named after Beratzhausen. The entries in the pontifical, written by Konrad von Kastl and the notary Thomas, call him Fridericus de Parsperch; in addition, the coat of arms of the Parsbergs is reproduced in the pontificale. In contrast, the bishop is named after Beratzhausen in a document from 1259, and Fridericus episcopus de Perharteshusen appears in the list of the canons who have died since Bishop Hartwig on the back of the last sheet of the pontifical. Before Frederick was appointed bishop, a canon Friedrich von Beratzhausen was repeatedly named in Eichstätt in the 1930s, who was obviously identical with the later bishop.

Friedrich is the only Parsberger who was also named after Beratzhausen . From this, Jehle deduces that the Parsbergs probably had their origin in Beratzhausen and were probably enfeoffed with Parsberg Castle by Duke Ludwig or Duke Otto at that time.

At this point, reference should be made again to Konrad von Parsberg , described in the section "Parsberg nobles in secular administrative service" , who was in both secular and ecclesiastical service.

Parsberg aristocrats in military service

Haug (2) von Parsberg initially served in the Palatinate, but he must soon have moved to the imperial camp. In 1529 he participated in the service of Emperor Charles V under the command of Count Palatine Phillip von Pfalz-Neuburg in the defense of the Turks in front of Vienna (see First Turkish Siege of Vienna ). In 1535/36 he was involved in the Imperial War against France. In 1552 he fought in the Imperial Army at the siege of Metz. In the service of the imperial city of Nuremberg, he led their contingent in the Second Margrave War against Albrecht Alkibiades from 1553–54 . From 1548 until his death in 1554 he held the office of Reichsschultheissen of the city of Nuremberg. Haug (2), the most important figure of the Parsberg family in the military field, died in Haßfurt at the beginning of May 1554 as a result of a stab of a lance that he got during a mutiny in the field camp near Schweinfurt. His epitaph can be admired in the parish church of Parsberg to the right of the altar (there is another epitaph by Hans von Parsberg to the left of the altar; see picture above).

Descendants of the Parsbergs today

Until June 22, 2010, the Parsberg family was considered "extinct" at least in the Bavarian line since 1730 and "probably extinct" in the Danish line. The Lorraine branch expired around 1530, the northern French branch of the Marquis de Partz de Pressy in the male branch in 1974. The Belgian branch of the Viscount de Partz de Courtray continues to exist in the Brussels area.

On June 22nd, Steve Pasbjerg introduced himself as a descendant of the Danish line of the Parsbergers and announced his visit with 14 relatives, 10 of them from the USA and 5 from Denmark. This visit took place on July 14, 2010, paying attention to the local press and, in addition to a reception by Mayor Bauer (CSU) and the staff of the castle museum, there was a lively exchange of information, including the delivery of a very detailed and convincing family tree in Danish, which will be explored in more detail. There is currently everything to suggest that these are actually descendants of the Parsberg family.

Personalities

  • Friedrich (2) von Parsberg , Bishop of Eichstätt 1237–1246
  • Elisabeth von Parsberg , abbess of the Obermünster monastery in Regensburg 1347-1364
  • Anna von Parsberg , abbess of the Pielenhofen monastery 1370-1394
  • Osanna von Parsberg , abbess of the Hohenwart monastery around 1405
  • Hans (2) von Parsberg , 1443-1447 governor of Pfalz-Neumarkt under Christoph von Pfalz-Neumarkt , King of Denmark, Sweden and Norway
  • Christoph (1) von Parsberg zu Lupburg , 1439-1447 Chamber Master (= Finance Minister) of the Union King Christoph III. from Denmark, Sweden, Norway
  • Friedrich (4) von Parsberg , Bishop of Regensburg 1437–1449
  • Werner (1) von Parsberg zu Lupburg , Reichsschultheiß of Nuremberg 1442-1455, knight
  • Werner (2) von Parsberg zu Lupburg , 1439-1448 adviser and feudal man of Union King Christoph III, 1448-1484 Imperial Councilor and envoy of Union King Christian I of Denmark, Sweden and Norway
  • Wolf (1) von Parsberg , Reichsschultheiß of Nuremberg 1492-1499
  • Haug (2) von Parsberg and Lupburg , colonel in the Second Margrave War 1553/54, leader of the troops in Nuremberg, Bamberg and Würzburg, Reichsschultheiß of Nuremberg 1548-1554
  • Manderup Parsberg (1546–1625), Danish councilor and royal envoy
  • Francois-Joseph-Gaston de Partz de Pressy , Bishop of Boulogne-sur-Mer 1743-1789
  • Adolphe de Partz de Pressy, 5th Marquis d'Equirre (1819-19180), member of the French National Assembly 1871-1876, Member of the 3rd Republic 1876-1881 and 1885-1889
  • Charles-Francois de Partz, Viscount de Courtray (1695-1756), from 1730 Deputy Public Prosecutor at the Great Council of Mechelen in the Habsburg Netherlands
  • Marie-Pierre de Partz de Courtray (* 1957), professor at the cath. University of Louvain-la-Neuve , Belgium

coat of arms

Blazon : The coat of arms according to Grünenberg's Wappenbuch shows the shield divided, red at the top, split by black and silver (white) at the bottom; the helmet covers are red and black; the crowned crest is a raised spherical object made of feathers and surrounded by another crown.

Blazon: The coat of arms according to Scheibler's Wappenbuch shows the shield divided, split by silver and red at the top, black at the bottom; the helmet covers are red and black; the crowned crest is a raised spherical object made of feathers and surrounded by another crown.

Coat of arms history: The Parsberg coat of arms can be found for the first time in the Pontifical Gundekarianum of the Eichstätter bishops, which was made in the 13th century. Note the difference between Scheibler's coat of arms and the coat of arms of Grünenberg , Siebmacher , the old gravestones and the town of Parsberg: It is divided; red above, split by black and silver below. The coat of arms in Scheibler's coat of arms is probably wrong or shown as an unusual variant, as can also be proven by the death shield from 1455 by Werner (1) in St. Lorenz, Nuremberg.

  • Coat of arms of those of Parsberg (noble family), after Siebmacher, according to the seal of Dietrich von Parsberg from 1298

  • Coat of arms of those of Parsberg, based on Konrad Grünenberg's Wappenbuch , Bavaria, approx. 1480

  • Coats of arms variant of the Bavarian von Barsperg (Parsberg) after the Scheibler coat of arms , between 1450 and 1580

  • Coat of arms of those of Parsberg, after Siebmacher 1605

Master list of the gentlemen from Parsberg

  1. Hermann von Partsberch (named 1235) Earlier names from the 12th century are to be assigned to the unrelated Pastbergers from Parsberg near Miesbach.
    1. Frama (tungsten)
    2. Ulrich
  2. Heinrich I von Bartisperi (mentioned in 1224) - Friedrich II., Bishop of Eichstätt 1237-1246
    1. Gunrad I. (mentioned in 1275)
      1. Konrad II (mentioned in 1298), Canon of Eichstätt
    2. Heinrich II. (1270, 1305 mentioned), mayor of Neumarkt
      1. Henry III.
      2. Conrad III.
      3. NN daughter
      4. Dietrich I (often mentioned between 1283 and 1344), purchase of Löweneck and Etterzhausen Castle in 1312, participation in the Battle of Gammelsdorf in 1313
        1. Dietrich II (1407)
        2. Friedrich III., German Order Comtur
        3. Elisabeth, abbess
        4. Anna, abbess
        5. Nobility
        6. Hans I., called Alter Hans von Parsberg (1350-1398), carer at Lupburg , Hersbruck and Hemau
          1. Friedrich IV († December 31, 1449), as Prince-Bishop of Regensburg Bishopric Friedrich II.
          2. Hans II of Parsberg , called "Knight Hans"; Founder of the parish in 1444 (deceased in 1469)
            1. Haug I. zu Parsberg zu Parsberg (1481)
              1. Kunigunde
              2. Wolfgang I. zu Parsberg , mayor of Nuremberg (1492-1499) ∞ Margarethe Agnes von Wildenstein
                1. Gilg (Egid) zu Eglofsheim , nurse at Hemau (1531)
                  1. Otto Heinrich (dec. 1573)
                    1. Konrad V.
                  2. Margarethe, nun
                  3. Barbara
              3. Haug II of Parsberg and Lupburg , Mayor of Nuremberg (1548-1554)
                1. Hans Albrecht (died before 1568) 2. Hans Christoph (died 1566) 3. Sebastian Haug (died before 1568)
          3. Werner I. zu Lupburg, Reichsschultheiß in Nuremberg (1442-1455)
            1. 3 daughters of unknown names
            2. Heinrich V, Canon of Regensburg
            3. Werner II., Denmark, Sweden (d. 1484)
              1. Jörgen
              2. Chonnes
              3. Werner Niklaus
                1. Successors: Hans, Preben, Niclas, Mandara, Georg, Christian, Claus, Christoffer, Graf in Copenhagen (1671), Waldemar, Anna, Sophie, Ingeborg, Anna, Rittmeister Rantzow von Parsberg (1730), probably the last Parsberger in Denmark
            4. Friedrich V zu Lupburg and Rohrenfels , caretaker at Hersbruck, Altdorf and Hohenburg (1479)
            5. Hans III., Caretaker of Nassenfels and Flügelsberg (1476)
              1. Eberhard, Canon of Regensburg
              2. Gabriel
                1. Bernhard, fallen in Hungary
                2. Barbara
                3. Margarethe
              3. Sebastian, nurse at Hemau (1525)
                1. Werner III.
                2. Thekla
                3. Barbara
              4. Jörg II of Lupburg and Neunussberg , keeper of Kelheim and Hirschberg (1509)
                1. Hans IX., Canon of Regensburg (1608)
                2. two sons of unknown names
              5. Hans IV., Nurse at Hohenburg (1508)
                1. Friedrich, fallen in Hungary
                2. Hans Hawbolf of Hohenburg (1549)
                3. Christoph III., Canon of Regensburg
                4. Hans Joachim zu Flügelsberg, keeper at Stadtamhof (1577)
                  1. three daughters
          4. Konrad IV, court master of the Duchess of Lorraine
            1. a son of unknown name
          5. Georg I, canon in Freising (1414)
            1. Heinrich IV., Nurse of Hirschberg (1426)
            2. five daughters (Margarethe, Braxedis, Elsbeth, Anna, Veronika Osanna)
          6. Christoph I. zu Lupburg (deceased 1462), 1439-1447 Chamber Master King Christoph III. from Denmark, Sweden, Norway
            1. three daughters of unknown names
            2. Christoph II., District judge and orderly at Lengenfeld
              1. Barbara
              2. Catherine
              3. Hans V., Canon of Regensburg
              4. George III zu Lupburg and Nabeck (1518), keeper of Schwandorf 1489-1498
                1. Hans VI., Canon of Regensburg (1557)
                2. Wolf (gang) II of Münchshofen (1559)
                  1. Kaspar, Canon of Regensburg
                  2. Hans VIII., Canon of Eichstätt (1588)
                  3. Hironymus (1566)
                  4. Margareta, nun
                  5. Philipp, Canon of Regensburg
                  6. Anastasia, nun
                3. George IV of Lupburg (1552)
                  1. Hans VII., Canon of Regensburg (1558)
                  2. Hans Jörg (Georg), to Hirschberg
                  3. Hans Sigmund zu Parsberg (1593)
                    1. Anna Rufina
                    2. Hans Wilhelm zu Parsberg (1634)
                    3. Hans Christoph zu Parsberg (1636)
                      1. Anna-Christiana
                      2. Hans Werner (1680)
                        1. Johann Adam Franz (1652)
                        2. Maria Franziska (1655)
                        3. Adam (1656)
                        4. Joseph Wilhelm (1715)
                        5. Johann Bernhard (1653)
                        6. Johann Wilhelm (1694)
                        7. Johann Wolfgang zu Parsberg (deceased 1730), ultimus failiae

literature

  • Alois Schmid : The Lords of Parsberg. In: Journal for Bavarian State History. Volume 78, 2015, pp. 437-480.
  • Eckard Fruhmann, 800 years of Parsberg knights and their descendants 1224-2024 - traces in Bavaria and Europe , Parsberg 2019

Web links

Commons : Parsberg  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Spitzner Chronicle, p. 25 (2008 revised version of the Parsberg Castle Museum)
  2. ↑ Alois Schmid was a guest at the Burgmuseum Parsberg on October 9, 2009 and gave a lecture on personalities of the Parsberg family. A commemorative publication of this lecture is in preparation; the information here comes initially from a manuscript of the lecture. As soon as the Festschrift is printed and available, reference will be made to it at this point.
  3. ↑ This is noted in both Manfred Jehle and Alois Schmid.
  4. ^ Alois Schmid : Parsberg in the duchy of the early Wittelsbacher. Festschrift. 2005, OCLC 230179584 , p. 14.
  5. ↑ Mr. Pokolm's notes and a commemorative publication entitled "Parsberg - Bavarian Uradel in Denmark" are in the archive of the Parsberg Castle Museum.
  6. ↑ Manfred Jehle: Parsberg. (= Historical Atlas of Bavaria. Series 1. Issue 51). M. Lassleben, Kallmünz 1981, ISBN 3-7696-9916-5 , p. 362f.