Passau Wolf

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The Passau wolf in the coat of arms of the city of Passau
The Passau Wolf on the Kräutelstein (boundary stone no.1 of the Republic of Austria, Bavarian side)

The Passau wolf is a common figure in heraldry. In the original version it shows a red wolf on a silver shield. Uses and representations of the Passau wolf are mostly in direct historical connection with the city ​​of Passau , the diocese of Passau or the bishopric of Passau .

history

It is unclear when and by whom the red wolf was chosen as the coat of arms of the Bishop of Passau . Presumably it goes back either to Bishop Wolfger von Erla or Bishop Rüdiger von Bergheim . In 1259, Bishop Otto von Lonsdorf used a seal with the image of a wolf in the opposite seal (back). Before 1300 there was no official city coat of arms, but the image of the wolf can already be found on the blades of the Passau swordsmiths as a guarantee and trademark . It can therefore be assumed that the city seal made during the civil uprising in 1298 and later delivered again showed the Passau wolf. In 1350 the Passau wolf appeared on the flag of the Bishop of Passau in the Zurich coat of arms . In 1368 the city was granted a seal by the bishop, which only shows the wolf in the small shield at the feet of St. Stephen , the patron saint of the cathedral monastery . The red wolf as the sole coat of arms was only granted to the city in 1432 in the so-called "five-man rule".

Since the red wolf was both the coat of arms of the city of Passau and the coat of arms of the bishop and thus the coat of arms of the bishopric at the same time before 1803, the city had a coat of arms derived from it at this time, which showed the red wolf with a blue crossbar. After the Hochstift Passau had been dissolved in the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss in 1803 , there was no longer any need to distinguish between the coats of arms and was therefore omitted. Since the red wolf has increasingly been understood as the coat of arms of the city of Passau rather than that of the Passau bishop since 1803, the diocese of Passau has recently been using the wolf in the coat of arms of the diocese with a bishop's staff. Between 1804 and 1806 the Passau wolf was one of the heraldic figures of the coat of arms of the Electorate of Bavaria .

coat of arms

Depiction in the coat of arms of the city of Passau as a basic motif. Description: In silver, an upright red-tongued and armored red wolf .

Representations

Electorate of Bavaria

  • Coat of arms of the Electorate of Bavaria between 1804 and 1806

Diocese and bishopric of Passau

City of Passau and districts

Coats of arms of former counties

Municipal coat of arms (selection)

The Passau wolf also appears in various municipal and city coats of arms in Lower Bavaria as well as Upper and Lower Austria. However, the shape and tinging can sometimes differ greatly from the original shape.

District of Passau

Other municipal coats of arms in Lower Bavaria

Upper Austria

Lower Austria

Salzburg

Czech Republic

  • still without pictures of Mutenin (Mutterndorf) and Bary

See also

literature

  • Vincenz Robert Widimsky: city ​​arms of the Austrian imperial state. Volume 1: Kingdom of Bohemia. Printing and publishing of the KK Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1864, pp. 31 , 82 , 103 .
  • Reinhard Heydenreuter : The coats of arms of the southern German Hochstifte and their creation. In: Werner Chrobak , Karl Hausberger (Ed.): Cultural work and church. Festschrift Msgr. Dr. Paul Mai on his 70th birthday (= contributions to the history of the diocese of Regensburg. Vol. 39, ISSN  0522-6619 ). Association for Regensburg Diocesan History, Regensburg 2005, pp. 125–139, here pp. 129, 130, 139.

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