Wolfger von Erla

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Wolfger von Erla (also Wolfger von Passau , full name Wolfger von Ellenbrechtskirchen ; * around 1140 near Erla an der Enns ; † January 23, 1218 in Aquileia ) was Bishop of Passau and Patriarch of Aquileia .

Life

Wolfger came from the von Erla family near Erla an der Enns. In 1183 he was provost of Pfaffmünster , and in 1184 of Zell am See . In 1191 he became Bishop of Passau (until 1204). However, he was ordained priest and bishop only after the election of a bishop. He was married and had a son who is mentioned several times on his travel bills. We do not know whether Wolfger was widowed at the time of his ordination or whether his wife entered a monastery, since there is no news at all about one of Wolfger's wife. An unchanged continuation of a marriage would hardly have been possible for a bishop around 1200.

He led his diocese loyal to the Pope and in harmony with the Staufer monarchy and the Austrian dukes, with extensive episcopal jurisdiction at the diocesan and imperial level. 1199 ordered Pope Innocent III. Wolfger von Erla as sole chief judge.

Wolfger von Erla was involved in conflict resolution in 1195 after King Richard I Lionheart was taken hostage . Then he took part in the crusade in 1197/98 . After his return he obtained papal approval for the establishment of the Teutonic Order in 1190 . He tried to establish another diocese in the area of ​​the Passau diocese . The Wolfenstein Castle was built during his reign.

Wolfger von Erla strove energetically to rise to the Patriarchal Seat of Aquileia. In 1204 he was elected Patriarch of Aquileia, where he consolidated secular power and in 1209 regained Istria and Carniola . He was given the office of imperial legate in Italy under Philip of Swabia and Otto IV. However, after participating in the IV Lateran Council in 1215, he withdrew from imperial politics.

Mention of Walther von der Vogelweide in Wolfger's travel
invoice book : walthero cantori de vogelweide pro pellicio v solidos longos - "For the singer Walther von der Vogelweide five shillings for a fur skirt"

Wolfger is also an important figure in German literary history . The only non-literary testimony of Walther von der Vogelweide's life can be read from his travel account book, because Wolfger von Passau gave him a substantial sum for a fur coat on November 12, 1203. In addition to Walther von der Vogelweide, other Austrian and Bavarian poets, including probably the author of the Nibelungenlied , belonged to the literary circle of the bishop, who made his diocese a first-rate literary center.

literature

  • Helmut Birkhan (ed.): The eight hundred year old fur skirt. Walther von der Vogelweide - Wolfger von Erla - Zeiselmauer. Lectures held at the Walther Symposium of the Austrian Academy of Sciences from September 24 to 27, 2003 in Zeiselmauer (Lower Austria). (= Austrian Academy of Sciences. Philosophical-Historical Class. Meeting reports. Vol. 721). Publishing house of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 2005, ISBN 3-7001-3467-3 .
  • Egon Boshof : Link Wolfger von Erla - Bishop of Passau, Patriarch of Aquileja. In: Ostbairische Lebensbilder (= New publication of the Institute for East Bavarian Homeland Research. Vol. 54). Volume 1. Klinger, Passau 2004, ISBN 3-932949-41-2 , pp. 22-39.
  • Egon Boshof, Fritz Peter Knapp (ed.): Wolfger von Erla. Bishop of Passau (1191–1204) and Patriarch of Aquileja (1204–1218) as church prince and patron of literature (= Germanic Library. Series 3: Investigations. NF Vol. 20). Winter, Heidelberg 1994, ISBN 3-8253-0202-4 .
  • Hedwig Heger: Walther von der Vogelweide's life testimony. The travel bills of Passau Bishop Wolfger von Erla. Schendl, Vienna 1970 (at the same time: Vienna, Univ., Philos. Fac., Habil.-Schr.).
  • Franz von KronesWolfger von Ellenbrechtskirchen . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 44, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1898, p. 124 f.
  • Anette Zurstraßen: Wolfger von Erla. In: Lexicon of the Middle Ages . Volume 9: Werla to Cypress. Attachment. Register. Study edition. Metzler, Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 3-476-01742-7 , Sp. 308.

Web links

predecessor Office successor
Pilgrim II. Patriarch of Aquileia
1204-1218
Berthold of Meran