Paul Jacobsthal

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Paul Jacobsthal (born February 23, 1880 in Berlin ; † October 27, 1957 in Oxford ) was a German archaeologist who, as a classical archaeologist , made merits in connection with prehistoric archeology , but also in researching ancient Greek ceramics.

Life

Paul Jacobsthal was born as the son of the medical councilor Martin Jacobsthal ; his younger brother was the mathematician Ernst Jacobsthal . He studied at the University of Berlin , the Georg-August University of Göttingen and the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn . His teachers included the classical philologists Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff and Friedrich Leo . Close friendships with Ernst Pfuhl , Paul Friedländer and later also with Richard Delbrueck and Herbert Koch developed during the student days . Stefan George influenced his use of language and posture. In Bonn Jacobsthal received his doctorate in 1906 under Georg Loeschcke with a thesis on The Lightning in Oriental and Greek Art . With the help of the travel grant from the German Archaeological Institute , he was able to travel to the Mediterranean in 1906/07 . On the trip Jacobsthal found several new inscriptions , which he later published with Wilamowitz-Moellendorff. In Pergamon he took part in excavations, where he found early Hellenic graves in the hills of the Kaïkos plain and later published them.

After his return, Jacobsthal became Gustav Körte's assistant in Göttingen in 1907 , where he completed his habilitation in 1909 with his thesis Theseus on the seabed . With the catalog of the Göttingen vases , he presented his first significant work in the field of vase research in 1912. John D. Beazley's reception marked the beginning of a lifelong relationship. In the same year Jacobsthal was appointed to the archaeological ordinariate at the Philipps University of Marburg . Under his management it was first class equipped. In 1920 a prehistoric department was added, from which, at Jacobsthal's instigation, the first professorial office for prehistoric archeology in Germany was created in 1927. In 1915 Jacobsthal married Auguste Bräuning, the daughter of the pastor of the Reformed community in Potsdam . Due to the National Socialist race laws Jacobsthal had to give up his chair in 1935 and emigrate. In 1937 he became a lecturer at Christ Church College , Oxford . In 1940 he was imprisoned at the Hutchinson Internment Camp . Between 1947 and 1950 he was a Reader in Celtic Archeology at Oxford University .

In addition to his teacher Loeschcke, Jacobsthal is considered an archaeologist who was able to survey the entire period from the basics of the ancient world in the ancient Orient to late antiquity and was capable of both precise individual studies and large-scale synthesis. With his friends and teachers, he belonged to a group of scientists who, instead of repeatedly discussing individual aspects, edited and published entire groups of monuments in full. This is how Jacobsthal's writings Ornaments Greek Vases (1927) and The Melische Reliefs (1930) as well as the series Pictures of Greek Vases and Oxford Classical Archeology (from 1947) published together with Beazley . He had great admiration for Ernst Buschor , but was closer to Beazley and his poetic power.

Jacobsthal is of particular importance in the connection between classical and prehistoric archeology. With Eduard Neuffer , for example, he investigated the import and the resulting influence of Greek products in Provence , but also with Alexander Langsdorff in 1929 Die Bronzeschnabelkannen . He is one of the first researchers to appreciate the high level of early Celtic art. In 1944 he published his early Celtic Art , one of his most important works. Here Jacobsthal showed how the Celts had taken up classic and ancient models, but at the same time demonized them. His research on the artistic origin of the Celtic monumental sculpture was also important. In his last important book, Greek Pins and their Connections with Europe and Asia , he showed the importance of jewelry for researching the relationships between the various neighboring peoples and how this research can be combined with collecting, organizing and handing over the monuments.

Jacobsthal was a full member of the German Archaeological Institute , an honorary member of the Society of Antiquaries and a corresponding member of the British Academy .

literature

Web links

supporting documents

  1. ^ Gallia Graeca . In: Préhistoire II 1 (1933), pp. 1ff.