List of Arabic-based alphabets

Variants of the Arabic alphabet have been and are used in many written languages around the world.
Those script variants that were developed for languages of the Indo-Iranian language group and are based on the Persian alphabet are also known as Perso-Arabic .

The following tables provide an overview.

Basic alphabet

Use of the basic Arabic alphabet in different languages
alphabet	ا	ب	ت	ث	ج	ح	خ	د	ذ	ر	ز	س	ش	ص	ض	ط	ظ	ع	غ	ف	ق	ك	ل	م	ن	ه	و	ي
Bosnian ( Arebica )	ا	ب	ت		ج	ح		د		ر	ز	س	ش						غ	ف	ق	ك	ل	م	ن		و	ي
Chinese ( Xiao'erjing )	ا	ب	ت	ث	ج	ح		د		ر	ز	س	ش	ص	ض	ط		ع	غ	ف	ق	ك	ل	م	ن	ه	و	ی³
Hausa ( Ajami )	ا	ب	ت	ث	ج	ح	خ	د	ذ	ر	ز	س	ش	ص	ض	ط	ظ	ع	غ			ك	ل	م	ن	ه	و	ی³
Kazakh (until 1927 and in China)	ا	ب	ت		ج	ح		د		ر	ز	س	ش					ع		ف	ق	ك	ل	م	ن		و	ي
Kashmiri	ا	ب	ت	ث	ج	ح	خ	د	ذ	ر	ز	س	ش	ص	ض	ط	ظ	ع	غ	ف	ق	ک²	ل	م	ن		و	ی³
Kyrgyz (until 1927 and in China)	ا	ب	ت		ج	ح		د		ر	ز	س	ش					ع		ف	ق	ك	ل	م	ن		و	ي
Sorani Kurdish	ا	ب	ت		ج	ح	خ	د		ر	ز	س	ش					ع	غ	ف	ق	ک²	ل	م	ن		و	ي
Malay (Jawi)	ا	ب	ت	ث	ج	ح	خ	د	ذ	ر	ز	س	ش	ص	ض	ط	ظ	ع	غ	ف	ق	ك	ل	م	ن	ه	و	ي
Ottoman	ا	ب	ت	ث	ج	ح	خ	د	ذ	ر	ز	س	ش	ص	ض	ط	ظ	ع	غ	ف	ق	ك	ل	م	ن	ه	و	ی³
Punjabi ( Shahmukhi )	ا	ب	ت	ث	ج	ح	خ	د	ذ	ر	ز	س	ش	ص	ض	ط	ظ	ع	غ	ف	ق	ک²	ل	م	ن	ہ^4th	و	ی³
Pashto	ا	ب	ت	ث	ج	ح	خ	د	ذ	ر	ز	س	ش	ص	ض	ط	ظ	ع	غ	ف	ق	ک²	ل	م	ن	ه	و	ي
Persian ¹	ا	ب	ت	ث	ج	ح	خ	د	ذ	ر	ز	س	ش	ص	ض	ط	ظ	ع	غ	ف	ق	ک²	ل	م	ن	ه	و	ی³
Sindhi	ا	ب	ت	ث	ج	ح	خ	د	ذ	ر	ز	س	ش	ص	ض	ط	ظ	ع	غ	ف	ق	ک²	ل	م	ن	ه	و	ي
Tatar (until 1920 and in China)	ا	ب	ت	ث	ج	ح	خ	د	ذ	ر	ز	س	ش	ص	ض	ط	ظ	ع	غ	ف	ق	ك	ل	م	ن	ه	و	ی³
Uighur	ا	ب	ت		ج		خ	د		ر	ز	س	ش						غ	ف	ق	ك	ل	م	ن		و	ي
Urdu	ا	ب	ت	ث	ج	ح	خ	د	ذ	ر	ز	س	ش	ص	ض	ط	ظ	ع	غ	ف	ق	ک²	ل	م	ن	ہ^4th	و	ی³
Belarusian	ا	ب	ت	ث	ج	ح		د		ر	ز	س	ش	ص	ض	ط		ع	غ	ف	ق	ك	ل	م	ن	ه	و	ی³

¹ The letters ث, ح, ض, ظ and ع only appear in loanwords.

²The forms of the "Persian Kaf " are used.

³ In the left unconnected form of ي the two points are omitted (ی), otherwise the letter is used as in Arabic. This omission of the points is also common in Egypt.

^4thThe Tschhoti he of Urdu and Punjabi has an initial, medial and final form that differs from Arabic

Extensions

The extensions to the basic Arabic alphabet are listed in order of the letter from which they have been derived - first those derived from the consonant signs, then those derived from the vowel and semivowels Alif, Waw and Ya. The digraphs specific to many languages are not listed in the table.

Consonant sign

Derived Arabic letters
alphabet	ٻ	پ	ڀ	ٹ	ٺ	ٽ	ٿ	ټ	ڄ	ڃ	چ	ڇ	څ	ځ	ڈ	ڋ	ڌ	ڏ	ڊ	ڍ	ࢮ	ډ	ڕ	ڑ	ړ	ږ	ژ	ڙ	ښ	ࢯ	ڞ	ڟ	ڠ	ڢ	ڤ	ڦ	ڧ	ڪ	ګ	ڰ	گ	ڳ	ڱ	ݣ	ڬ	ڭ	ڵ	ڽ	ڼ	ں	ڻ	ھ^7th
Bosnian ( Arebica ) ⁵		پ							ڄ		چ																ژ																				ڵ
Chinese ( Xiao'erjing ) ⁶		پ					ٿ				چ																ژ				ڞ										گ			ݣ
Hausa ( Ajami )	ٻ																															ڟ		ڢ			ڧ
Kazakh (until 1927 and in China)		پ									چ																														گ					ڭ						ھ
Kashmiri		پ		ٹ							چ				ڈ									ڑ			ژ														گ											ھ
Kyrgyz (until 1927 and in China)		پ									چ																														گ					ڭ
Sorani Kurdish		پ									چ												ڕ				ژ								ڤ						گ						ڵ					ھ
Malay (Jawi)											چ																						ڠ		ڤ										ڬ			ڽ
Ottoman		پ									چ																ژ														گ					ڭ
Punjabi ( Shahmukhi )	ٻ	پ		ٹ					ڄ		چ				ڈ	ڋ								ڑ			ژ													ڰ	گ									ں	ڻ	ھ
Pashto		پ						ټ			چ		څ	ځ								ډ			ړ	ږ	ژ		ښ										ګ		گ								ڼ
Persian		پ									چ																ژ														گ
Sindhi	ٻ	پ	ڀ		ٺ	ٽ	ٿ		ڄ	ڃ	چ	ڇ					ڌ	ڏ	ڊ	ڍ								ڙ								ڦ		ڪ			گ	ڳ	ڱ								ڻ	ھ
Tatar (until 1920 and in China)		پ									چ																ژ														گ					ڭ
Uighur		پ									چ																ژ														گ					ڭ						ھ
Urdu		پ		ٹ							چ				ڈ									ڑ			ژ														گ									ں		ھ
Belarusian		پ									چ										ࢮ						ژ			ࢯ

⁵The Arebica -Alphabet also includes the following characters not included in the Unicode V7.0:

,

^6thThe Xiao'erjing alphabet also includes the following non-Unicode V7.0 letter:

^7th The letter ھ(Unicode U + 06BE arabic letter heh doachashmee ) has the same shape as the initial and medial form of the letterه(Unicode U + 0647 arabic letter heh ).

Half vowel and vowel signs

Some non-Arabic languages that are written in the Arabic script use the letters Alif, Waw, Ya and Ha of the Arabic basic alphabet, as well as letters derived from them, as vowel and semi-vowel letters.

Derived Arabic letters
alphabet	ٵ	ٲ	ٳ	ە^8th	ۆ	ۉ	ۈ	ﯗ	ٶ	ٷ	ۅ	ۄ	ۏ	ۋ	ى⁹	ێ	ٸ	ې	ۍ	ئ	ے
Bosnian ( Arebica )				ە	ۆ	ۉ									ی
Chinese ( Xiao'erjing )
Hausa ( Ajami )
Kazakh (until 1927 and in China)	ٵ			ە	ۆ			ﯗ	ٶ	ٷ				ۋ	ی		ٸ
Kashmiri		ٲ	ٳ		ۆ			ﯗ				ۄ									ے
Kyrgyz (until 1927 and in China)				ە		ۉ		ﯗ			ۅ			ۋ	ی
Sorani Kurdish				ە	ۆ											ێ
Malay (Jawi)													ۏ
Ottoman
Punjabi ( Shahmukhi )																					ے
Pashto															ی			ې	ۍ	ئ
Persian
Sindhi
Tatar (until 1920 and in China)														ۋ
Uighur				ە	ۆ		ۈ	ﯗ						ۋ	ى			ې
Urdu																					ے
Belarusian

^8th The letter ە(Unicode U + 06D5 arabic letter ae ) has the same form as the final and the isolated form of the letterه(Unicode U + 0647 arabic letter heh ).

⁹ The letter ى(Unicode U + 0649 arabic letter alef maksura ) has the same form as the final and the isolated form of the letterی(Unicode U + 06CC arabic letter farsi yeh ), but is also written in Uighur, Kazakh and Kyrgyz in the initial and medial form without the dots (compare Unicode U + FBE8 and U + FBE9 arabic letter uighur kazakh kirghiz alef maksura ).

Web links

Omniglot (the Arabic alphabets of the individual languages)