Peter-Paul-Church (Senftenberg)
The Peter-Paul-Kirche is the oldest church in Senftenberg . It stands on the church square, which adjoins the Senftenberger Markt to the northeast . It is dedicated to the apostles Peter and Paul . The interior of the church is simple today. The church is whitewashed. The Peter and Paul Church is a listed building .
history
The church was probably built in the second half of the 13th century. Comparisons with the St. Nikolai Church in Luckau , the Evangelical City Church in Calau and Cottbus allow this dating.
At the end of the 15th century, a square sacristy was added to the northeast. At the beginning of the 16th century the church was completed in its present form.
In all major city fires, including 1509, 1641 and 1717, the church was damaged and the tower with the bells destroyed. Thanks to donations from Senftenberg citizens and tax exemptions from the Elector of Saxony , the church could be rebuilt every time. After the city fire in 1509, today's Knickgratzelle vault was probably pulled in, which spans the entire church building and is therefore unique in church buildings in Saxony and Brandenburg. This construction method was originally used in secular buildings , including the Albrechtsburg in Meißen .
In 1539 the Reformation was introduced in Senftenberg. A year later, a Wendish church in Senftenberg was mentioned for the first time, in which Sorbian preaching was held for the Sorbian- speaking population. In contrast to the Wendish Church, the Peter-Paul-Kirche is also known as the German Church .
The church was renovated in the 17th and 18th centuries. A comprehensive renovation took place in 1891/1892 according to plans by the architect Zieetz from Eutin . Instead of the low gable roof , which was only slightly higher than the nave, the church was given a pointed gable tower structure with a clock tower. The tower height was about 60 meters. The construction costs of around 30,000 marks were financed by community levies. The church received a heating system from the company Sachse in Halle an der Saale for 1982 marks . The windows were glazed by the art institute for glass painting C. Türcke & Co. from Zittau . The altar window with the representation of the inviting Christ based on a painting by Karl Gottfried Pfannschmidt cost 1,000 marks. The stalls and the gallery were newly created in the neo-Gothic style .
During the fighting on April 20 and 21, 1945 during the Second World War , the church was badly damaged by artillery fire. The dome was destroyed, the tower, the church roof and the nave burned out completely. After emergency security and the installation of an emergency roof in 1946, the church was rebuilt from 1951 to 1958. On September 28, 1958 it was handed over by the general superintendent Günter Jacob . In the years 1985/1986 a tower roof, which was missing up to that point in time, was put on. The shape of this hipped roof is reminiscent of the original shape of the church tower. The cross and ball were placed on October 16, 1986 at 2 p.m. The company Winter from Schirgiswalde carried out this work. During restoration work in 2012/2013, a door between the sacristy and nave, walled up in 1890/1891, was discovered and reopened. In the course of the restoration , a floor made of hand-painted bricks and niches in the walls were rediscovered in the sacristy. The niches are to be used as storage space.
Building description
The church is a three-aisled late Gothic hall church with a transverse rectangular three-storey west tower. Bricks and field stones were used for the construction. The nave is three bays , the choir two bays. The yokes in the nave in the central nave are transversely rectangular, the yokes in the side aisles are longitudinally rectangular.
The design of the choir took place in the spirit of the so-called Lusatian School . The belt arches of the last yoke run slightly diagonally towards the eastern wall pillar, so that the impression of a choir aisle is created. There are double stepped buttresses on the choir and nave.
The cell vault or Netzgratgewölbe is supported by ten free-standing octagonal pillars. The cross vault of the square sacristy is provided with pear ribs.
The top floor of the three-story tower is transformed into an unequal octagon. The exterior of the basement is smooth. The upper floors are richly structured by paired panels.
The church is 44 meters long and 18 meters wide. The nave is 14 meters high. The height of the church tower is 28 meters, with the cross and sphere 32 meters.
Interior
Altar and pulpit
Before the Reformation there were six altars in the church, in addition to the main altar for Beate virginis, St. Andrea and St. Nikolai, among others .
The late Gothic main altar dates from the end of the 15th century and was first mentioned in 1503. In the middle part there was a carved figure of Mary and in the side parts figures of the apostles Peter and Paul. During the renovation of the church in 1891/1892, the Marian altar was removed in favor of a rather handcrafted neo-Gothic altar and sold to the Dobrilugk monastery in 1905 . Like the entire interior, the altar was destroyed in World War II.
Today's sandstone altar is simple and unadorned with a large wooden cross.
In 1618, the wooden pulpit was made at the expense of the then mayor, Ambrosius Handt . The price was 300 thalers. On today's pulpit are the key and sword, the symbols of the apostles Peter and Paul.
There are also parts of a baroque altar on the north side of the church. It comes from the Wendish Church and should be installed in the Peter and Paul Church after the destruction. However, these plans were not carried out, the altar was dismantled in the late 1960s and fell into disrepair over two decades. Then it was placed in the church. The painter Abraham Jäger from Finsterwalde created the altar in 1682.
Baptismal font
The font was made by Zacharias Starke in Dresden . Starke was born in Senftenberg. The bailiff of Lower Lusatia, Hans von Polenz, is said to be buried under the font.
sculpture
On the right middle column there is a sculpture that indicates the long-term partnership with the municipality of Leersum in the Netherlands.
organ
The organ was first mentioned in 1504. In 1635, the Großenhain organist and master organ builder Christian Koch built a new organ for the church. When the church was being renovated in 1690, the Königsbrück painter Füllkrug painted it . Organ builder Familius added basses to the organ in 1730.
In 1765 the Senftenberg organist Christian Schechner put on a small pedal-less organ.
During the extensive renovation of the church in 1891/1892, the church received a new organ from the Schweidnitz company Schlag & Söhne . When the church burned down in World War II, the organ was also destroyed. Today's organ was inaugurated on the 1st of Advent in 1960. It has 2222 organ pipes, three manuals and a pedal and 29 registers. It was created by the Bautzner company Eule and provided with an organ gallery.
Bells
The church bells were destroyed during the great city fires in 1509, 1641, 1670 and 1717 and in World War II.
Today's three church bells in the tower are made of chilled iron and cast by Master Schilling from the bell foundry in Apolda . They were consecrated in 1956.
The big bell weighs 920 kilograms. It was donated by the church elder Wilhelm Hausmann and bears the inscription: Do not throw away your trust, which has a great reward (Hebrews 10:35). The middle bell with 690 kilograms was donated by the Evangelical Women's Aid Senftenberg . It bears the inscription: Rejoice in hope, be patient in tribulation, stop praying. (Romans 12:12). The little bell was donated by many members of the congregation and bears the inscription: Be reconciled to God. (2 Corinthians 5:20). It weighs 430 kilograms. The bible words on the bells are the church convention slogans of 1953 in Hamburg, 1954 in Leipzig and 1956 in Frankfurt am Main .
Individual evidence
- ↑ List of monuments of the state of Brandenburg: District Oberspreewald-Lausitz (PDF) Brandenburg State Office for Monument Preservation and State Archaeological Museum
- ↑ Gabriele Philipp: The riddle about the niches is solved. In: Lausitzer Rundschau from September 26, 2012
- ↑ Gabriele Philipp: Cold hampers sacristy work. In: Lausitzer Rundschau from March 20, 2013
literature
- Gerhard Vinken et al. (Ed.): Dehio-Handbuch der deutschen Kunstdenkmäler: Brandenburg. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-422-03054-9 , p. ...
- Werner Forkert : Senftenberg retrospectives interesting facts from Senftenberg history. Bookstore "Glück Auf", Senftenberg 2006, p. ...
- District office Senftenberg (ed.): Senftenberg city guide. Tourist Office, Senftenberg 1991.
- City administration Senftenberg (ed.): Senftenberg. (Information brochure) Senftenberg o. J.
- Sparkasse Niederlausitz (ed.): Churches in the district of Oberspreewald-Lausitz. (Calendar) 2008.
Web links
- Entry in the monument database of the State of Brandenburg
- Homepage of the Evangelical Church in Senftenberg
Coordinates: 51 ° 31 '9.6 " N , 14 ° 0' 21.3" E