Parish and pilgrimage church in Dürrnberg

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Catholic parish and pilgrimage church Maria Himmelfahrt in Dürrnberg

The Roman Catholic parish and pilgrimage church of Dürrnberg is in the village of Dürrnberg in the municipality of Hallein in the Hallein district in the state of Salzburg . The pilgrimage church consecrated to the patronage of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary belongs to the Hallein deanery in the Archdiocese of Salzburg . The patronage festival is celebrated on August 15th. The parish church is a listed building .

history

In the 12th century there must have been a branch church of Hallein for the miners and miners on the Dürrnberg , as salt mining was resumed in this century . The oldest documented church building dates back to 1347. Archbishop Wolf Dietrich had the church built later, in 1498, demolished and ordered the construction of a new sacred building . From 1680 onwards, the church was incorporated into the Augustinian hermits in Hallein , from 1814 onwards it again functioned as a vicariate of Hallein provided by world priests, and in 1857 it was elevated to parish.

church

Prince Archbishop Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau had the old church demolished and in 1596 ordered the construction of a new building, which was consecrated on October 19, 1614 by his successor Markus Sittikus . According to contemporary witnesses, it was called “the glass church” because the polished marble was so reflective that you could see yourself in it. In 1619 Markus Sittikus had a portal built in front of the church, which is based on a portal planned by Domenico Fontana for Santa Maria Maggiore in Rome. In doing so, Markus Sittikus went back to the architecture of a church that was already used for the dome of the Salzburg Cathedral. Between 1729 and 1732 a new vault about three meters lower had to be drawn into it because the outer walls had been pushed apart, but due to the lack of space between the vault and the roof truss there was no space for beams with which the walls could have been connected . The church is a single-nave Renaissance building with a campanile , well-known artists contributed to the baroque furnishings .

organ

history

Positive, built before 1627

The oldest expenses for the payment of an […] organist , […] calcanten and other musicians can be traced back to 1627 . There were two organ instruments in the church , one of which was perhaps a shelf . One of the two, namely the old “Positiv” (organ) , was sold in 1661 to the hermits of St. Georgen Gottshaus ob Hallein , who had started in and around the same building in 1660 to found the later magnificent Augustinian monastery in Hallein . The Georgskirche was demolished in 1683 and a new one was built in its place, with no indication of the whereabouts of the instrument. On April 16, 1943, after a fire in the monastery complex, the Hallein magistrate took over an organ. Whether it could have been the old instrument from Dürrnberg that was bought in 1661 remains unknown, and the organ that was taken over has since been considered lost. The other instrument, a positive , remained in the church until 1860, but was then sold to the church in Torren as part of the purchase of a larger organ , where it has been preserved.

Organ from 1860

Mauracher organ 1860

Johann Nepomuk Carl Mauracher , who relocated his workshop from Braunau to Salzburg in 1861 , used the 15 stops of the Heilig Geist organ , which he had just demolished and which had stood on the north-east gallery of Salzburg Cathedral, to build the organ on the Dürrnberg On the other hand, the case of the Saalfelden organ , made in 1832 in the neo-baroque style, by his father Karl Mauracher . The driving forces behind the process of making an organ from used parts in the Dürrnberg Church were the sons of Franz Xaver Gruber , Franz and Felix Gruber. The inauguration of the organ took place on August 22, 1860 . In 1969 the Salzburg organ builder Hermann Oettl received the order to rebuild the organ. He removed the original console and installed a new one. In addition, he rebuilt the technical equipment and built in bright-sounding registers . a. Simply cut off rows of pipes. The chronogram on the case reads FA V STE E X STR VC TA L A VD ES E DI TE D EO I N 'SAE CVL A, results in 1832 and refers to the construction of the organ in Saalfelden that year.

Disposition since 1969

I. Manual C-f 3
Bourdun 16 ′
Principal 8th'
Salicional 8th'
flute 8th'
Octav 4 ′
flute 4 ′
Fifth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
mixture 2 ′
II. Manual C – f 3
Covered 8th'
flute 4 ′
Principal 2 ′
cymbal 1 ⁄ 2 ′
Pedal C – f 1
Sub-bass 16 ′
Octave bass 8th'
Piffaro 4 ′ + 2 ′

Pilgrimage site

Interior of the pilgrimage church

Source cult

On the Zinkenberg above the church is a Fieberbründl , a Gothic fountain made of red-spotted marble with a polychrome wooden figure of Our Lady from the 18th century.

Images of grace

The interior decoration includes the miraculous image of a crescent moon Madonna , made in 1616, enthroned on clouds with twelve stars around her head. In her right hand she holds a heart and a naked crowned child sits on her left knee with both hands stretching out.

According to tradition, the original statue of the Virgin Mary was carved by a criminal named Hans Pernegger, who was subsequently not executed. The depicted standing Mother of God, holding a scepter with her right hand and the baby Jesus with her left, is now placed above the sacristy door.

Pilgrimage

Reasons for a pilgrimage were the resuscitation of dead children, the prospect of healing by applying traffic light oil, and protection from the plague. Votive offerings used crutches, carved or wax-replicated lungs, and cracked fire rifles. Allegedly , at the intercession of the Madonna from Dürrnberg, the Saalfelden citizens were spared the plague in 1600 , which is why they donated a candle every sixth year, which then burned for a year. Even before Maria Plain , the Dürrnberg had become a place of pilgrimage for those returning from the war, because soldiers from the Battle of Solferino made their annual pilgrimage there.

Protestant persecution

Several actions were taken against the Protestants on the Dürrnberg, around 1686, but the miners, who mostly belonged to the Augsburg denomination , refused to return to the Catholic Church. Thereupon the preachers Joseph Schaitberger (author of the song I am a poor exile ), Matthias Kammel and Simon Lindtner were taken into custody. Schaitberger had to leave the country together with around 70 men and women in 1686.
Instigated by Jesuits , Archbishop Leopold Anton von Firmian arranged for another expulsion in 1731, the last Protestants were transported by ship from Hallein to Regensburg . Some of the expellees were greeted in May 1732 by Friedrich Wilhelm I of Prussia in front of the village church in Zehlendorf with the words “New sons to you, a mild fatherland”.

literature

  • Gustav Gugitz : Austria's places of grace in cult and custom . A topographical handbook on religious folklore in five volumes, Volume 5, Vienna 1958.
  • Austrian art topography 20 : The monuments of the political district Hallein (ÖKT 20), ed. from the Art History Institute of the Federal Monuments Office, Vienna / Augsburg / Cologne 1927.
  • Roman Schmeißner: Organ building in Salzburg pilgrimage churches . WiKu-Verlag, Duisburg & Cologne 2015, ISBN 978-3-86553-446-0 .

Web links

Commons : Parish and pilgrimage church of Our Lady of the Assumption, Hallein-Dürrnberg  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

References and comments

  1. ^ Austrian art topography 20 : The monuments of the political district Hallein (ÖKT 20), ed. from the Art History Institute of the Federal Monuments Office, Vienna / Augsburg / Cologne 1927, p. 54.
  2. ↑ Personnel of the world and religious clergy of the Archdiocese of Salzburg for 1957 ( Schematismus 1957), ed. from the Archbishop's Office of Salzburg 1957, p. 191.
  3. ^ Austrian art topography 20 : The monuments of the political district Hallein (ÖKT 20), ed. from the Art History Institute of the Federal Monuments Office, Vienna / Augsburg / Cologne 1927, p. 55.
  4. ^ Austrian art topography 20 : The monuments of the political district Hallein (ÖKT 20), ed. from the Art History Institute of the Federal Monuments Office, Vienna / Augsburg / Cologne 1927, p. 58.
  5. ^ Austrian art topography 20 : The monuments of the political district Hallein (ÖKT 20), ed. from the Art History Institute of the Federal Monuments Office, Vienna / Augsburg / Cologne 1927, p. 55.
  6. ↑ Johann Steinhauser: The life, government and change of the Rev. in God Prince and Mr. Wolff Dietrichen, Gewesten Archbishop of Salzburg ec. ec. , ed. by Willibald Hauthaler. In: Communications of the Society for Salzburg Regional Studies , Volume 13 (Salzburg 1873), p. 47.
  7. ↑ Domenico Fontana: Della / trasportatione / dell'obelisco vaticano / et delle fabriche / di nostro Signore / Papa Sisto V. / fatte / dal cavallier / Domenico Fontana / architetto di Sua Santita / Libro Primo / Roma MDXC , Rome 1590, p. 79.
  8. ^ Parish archive Dürrnberg: Older parish history, written by GR Josef Lackner 1949–1970 , Volume 1, p. 201.
  9. ^ Austrian art topography 20 : The monuments of the political district Hallein (ÖKT 20), ed. from the Art History Institute of the Federal Monuments Office, Vienna / Augsburg / Cologne 1927, p. 72ff.
  10. ↑ Dehio Salzburg 1986 , Vienna 1986, p. 72ff.
  11. ↑ Dürrnberg parish archives: Older parish history, written by GR Josef Lackner 1949–1970 , Volume 1, p. 27. Quoted from: Roman Matthias Schmeißner: Studies on organ building in pilgrimage churches in the Archdiocese of Salzburg , dissertation University Mozarteum Salzburg 2012, p. 22.
  12. ^ Parish archives Dürrnberg: Older parish history, written by GR Josef Lackner 1949–1970 , Volume 1, p. 57. Quoted from: Roman Matthias Schmeißner: Studies on organ building in pilgrimage churches of the Archdiocese of Salzburg , dissertation University Mozarteum Salzburg 2012, p. 23.
  13. ^ Salzburger Landesarchiv: Reichsstatthalter LV 124-128 . Quoted from: Roman Matthias Schmeißner: Studies on organ building in pilgrimage churches of the Archdiocese of Salzburg , dissertation University Mozarteum Salzburg 2012, p. 23.
  14. ↑ digitized version
  15. ^ Roman Matthias Schmeißner: Studies on organ building in pilgrimage churches of the Archdiocese of Salzburg , Diss. University Mozarteum Salzburg 2012, p. 26ff.
  16. ↑ ( You happily erected [pipes] bring forth the praise of God for ever ). Compare: Roman Matthias Schmeißner: Studies on organ building in pilgrimage churches of the Archdiocese of Salzburg , dissertation University Mozarteum Salzburg 2012, p. 29.
  17. ^ Gustav Gugitz: Austria's places of grace in cult and custom . A topographical handbook for religious folklore in five volumes, Vienna 1958, volume 5, p. 156.
  18. ↑ Dehio Salzburg 1986 , Vienna 1986, p. 73.
  19. ^ Gustav Gugitz: Austria's places of grace in cult and custom . A topographical handbook for religious folklore in five volumes, Vienna 1958, volume 5, p. 156.
  20. ^ Gustav Gugitz: Austria's places of grace in cult and custom . A topographical handbook for religious folklore in five volumes, Vienna 1958, volume 5, p. 156.
  21. ↑ Georg Stadler: Cross peoples and pilgrimages over the centuries . In: Salzburg's pilgrimages in cult and custom , ed. by Johannes Neuhardt (Salzburg 1986), p. 45.
  22. ^ Friederike Zaisberger: History of Salzburg . In: History of the Austrian Federal States , ed. by Johann Rainer, Munich and Vienna 1998, p. 158f.
  23. ^ Ship contract Hallein – Regensburg ; Parish archive Dürrnberg: Older parish history, written by GR Josef Lackner 1949-1970 , Volume 1 (Dürrnberg, February 4, 1733), p. 274f.

Coordinates: 47 ° 39 '56 "  N , 13 ° 5' 23.5"  E