Pierre de Foix (1386–1464)

Pierre de Foix

Pierre de Foix (* 1386 ; † December 13 (or 30) December 1464 in Avignon ), known as l'Ancien , was Cardinal (1414–1464, called Cardinal de Foix ), the first legate of the Pope in Avignon (1433–1464 ), as well as Archbishop of Arles (1450–1464).

As a cardinal of an antipope , he took part in the Council of Constance , which ended the Western schism . He retained his title, although he was now considered a pseudo-cardinal , but was subsequently used in addition to deputy activities (as an administrator ) primarily for tasks that were still open after Constance: in 1429 he achieved the abdication of the remaining antipope Clement VIII , took over in 1430 he took over the administration of the Comtat Venaissin and in 1433 the administration of Avignon. It was not until the age of 64 (1450) that he was appointed archbishop, but not from Avignon, but from neighboring Arles. He also did not take part in any of the five conclaves that took place after the end of the schism - it can even be assumed that he has not left southern France since he took office in the Comtat or in Avignon.

Life

Pierre de Foix ( Pétro de Fuxo ) came from the Grailly family . He was the son of Archambaud de Grailly , Captal de Buch and Isabelle de Foix from the House of Comminges , who in 1398 became Countess of Foix , Vice Countess of Castelbon , Vice Countess of Béarn and Co-Princess of Andorra . As a younger son, he was slated for a career in the Church. He received his training with the Franciscans in Toulouse and in the Convent of Morlaàs , where he also took his religious vows . He had not yet been ordained a priest when he was appointed bishop .

On October 23, 1409 he was selected by Alexander V (Pisa) as Bishop of Lescar , but needed a dispensation to take office because he had not yet reached canonical age . On the following November 11th, he received permission to be ordained by a Catholic bishop . It is unclear whether he was intended for the office of Archbishop of Toulouse - Benedict XIII. (Avignon) at any rate ignored this and appointed him administrator of Lescar on February 5, 1410 (and threatened him with dismissal four years later). He retained the administration of Lescar as a cardinal until 1422. From January to July and again in August 1433 he was again administrator of Lescar.

In September 1414 he was by John XXIII. (Pisa) was appointed cardinal priest , then cardinal in October and Camerlengo on the 30th of the month . He was commendatory of the Monastery of Saint-Antoine-et-Saint-Pierre in Lézat-sur-Lèze from 5 May 1415. From February 5, 1416 he participated in the Council of Constance in part and also at the conclave that Martin V. on 11th November 1417 was elected Pope. In the same year he was assigned the titular church of Santo Stefano al Monte Celio . Coming from Avignon, he reached Florence on March 2, 1419, where he stayed for a good year until April 15, 1420. On August 7, 1422 he was appointed administrator of Comminges , which he remained until 1451. He arrived in Rome on December 16, 1423.

On January 6, 1425 he was appointed envoy to the King of Aragon , Alfonso V , he left Rome on March 2. Around the same time he was administrator of Lombez (early 1425 to March 25, 1425). He was bequeathed again in 1426 and 1429 - that year he achieved the abdication of the antipope Clement VIII on July 26th , who had only been recognized by Aragón, with which the schism that had basically ended in Constance was finally overcome. He held the Council of Tortosa (September 29 - November 5, 1429) before returning to Rome at the end of the year.

On March 9, 1430 he was appointed legate in the Comtat Venaissin . Pope Eugene IV appointed him Cardinal Bishop of Albano on March 14, 1431 . From November 9, 1432 to July 1433 he was administrator of Mirepoix . On July 7, 1433, he was the first papal legate in Avignon to take possession of the former papal palace in Avignon . An uprising to drive him out of the palace failed on September 15, 1443. Pope Nicholas V appointed him vicar general in temporibus in Avignon and in the Comtat on May 12, 1447 . At the end of November 1448 he held a provincial council in Avignon. On December 3, 1448, as a papal legate, René d'Anjou (called "le bon Roi René") and his wife Isabella of Lorraine participated in the inventio of the relics of Marie Salome and Maria Jacobäa in Notre-Dame-de-la- Mer, which is now called Les Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer .

On September 25, 1450 he was appointed Archbishop of Arles ; he gave up this office on March 24, 1463. On October 9, 1450 he was Commendatarabbot of Montmajour Abbey , from July 5, 1451 to May 30, 1459 he was administrator of Dax . He held a provincial council in Arles in 1453 and another in Avignon in 1458; this council published the first formal declaration on the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary . On September 3, 1455 he celebrated the second marriage of René d'Anjou to Jeanne de Laval in the Cathedral of Arles .

On February 11, 1463 he was appointed administrator of Auch , but renounced the same day in favor of his nephew Jean de Lescun , who was recognized on March 14. However , he assumed the role of administrator of Tarbes , which was assigned to him on the same day, until his death.

Although he was a cardinal for 50 years, he did not take part in any conclave during this time ( 1431 , 1447 , 1455 , 1458 and 1464 ) with the exception of the Council of Constance, which was counted as a conclave with the papal election at that time (1417).

He died on December 13 (or 30) December 1464 in Avignon, aged 78, and was buried in the Franciscan church there. He left a rich library, most of which volumes were dedicated to the antipope Benedict XIII. had heard. Toulouse owes him the establishment of the Collège de Foix with a foundation for students in need.

literature

• Joseph Mathias Hyacinthe Albanès, Ulysse Chevalier, Gallia christiana novissima. Histoire des archevêchés, évêques et abbayes de France . 7 volumes, 1895-1920, columns 841-869.
• Charles Berton, Dictionnaire des cardinaux, contenant des notions générales sur le cardinalat, la nomenclature complète ..., des cardinaux de tous les temps et de tous les pays ... les détails biographiques essentiels sur tous les cardinaux ... de longues études sur les cardinaux célèbre ... , Paris: J.-P. Migne, 1857; Facsimile edition. Farnborough; Gregg, 1969, columns 914-921.
• Alfonso Chacón , Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et SRE Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. , 2 volumes. Rome: Typis Vaticanis, 1630, II, columns 742–743.
• Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. VI. Les cardinaux du Grand Schisme (1378-1417) . Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1931, Paris: Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1931, pp. 161–162.
• Konrad Eubel , Wilhelm van Gulik ,. Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi , Volume 1 (1198-1431). Munich: Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1913; Reprint, Padua: Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, pp. 33, 5, 47, 295 and 310.
• Konrad Eubel, Wilhelm van Gulik. Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi , Volume 2 (1431-1503). Munich: Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1914; Reprint, Padua: Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, pp. 91, 93, 100, 178, 193 and 246.

Web links

• Foix, OFM, le vieux, Pierre de. In: Salvador Miranda : The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. ( Florida International University website), accessed November 19, 2018.