Yuri Alexandrovich Golovkin

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Count Yuri Alexandrowitsch Golowkin ( Firmin Massot , 1805)

Yuri Alexandrowitsch Golowkin ( Russian Юрий Александрович Головкин ; * July 1, 1762 in Lausanne ; † January 21 July / February 2,  1846 greg. In Konstantinowo, Ujesd Romny , Poltava Governorate ) was a Russian diplomat and ambassador .

Life

Golowkin's parents were Count Alexander Alexandrowitsch Golowkin (1732–1781) and Baroness Wilhelmine Justine von Mosheim , who in 1796 married Paul-François de Noailles for the second time . Golowkin's grandfather, Count Alexander Gawrilowitsch Golowkin, was ambassador in The Hague , had married Katharina von Dohna (granddaughter of the Prince of Orange and the Earl of Clancarty , great-great-granddaughter of the first Earl of Cork ) in Stralsund in 1715 and stayed after his brother Mikhail Gawrilowitsch Golowkin went to Siberia had been exiled in the United Netherlands until his death , so that his children were reformed and baptized. Golowkin's great-grandfather Gabriel Iwanowitsch Golowkin was Russian Chancellor.

Jekaterina Lwowna Golowkina ( Ludwig Guttenbrunn , 1800, Tretyakov Gallery )

Golovkin received his education in the spirit of the philosophy of the encyclopedists in Paris from Charles-Gilbert Romme , who then went to Count Alexander Sergejewitsch Stroganow . After the death of their father, Golovkin and his cousins entered Russian services at the invitation of Catherine II . Golovkin's command of Russian was limited. Golovkin joined the Preobrazhensk body guard regiment , became Praporschtschik in 1782 and chamberlain in 1784 . In the same year he married the lady-in-waiting Fraulein Ekaterina Lvovna Naryshkina (1762-1820), daughter of Catherine II's favorite, Lev Alexandrovich Naryshkin , after Catherine II had furnished the impoverished Golovkin with large estates. The bride's dowry was 1000 serf farmers.

In 1787 Golovkin accompanied Catherine II on her trip to the Crimea . In 1792 he became chamberlain (4th class ). He took on various diplomatic tasks. In 1796 the new Emperor Paul I made Golowkin a Senator and Privy Councilor (3rd class). Alexander I appointed him President of the Trade College and in 1804 the Real Secret Council (2nd class).

In 1805, Golovkin was appointed extraordinary ambassador to China . The official mandate was to congratulate Emperor Jiaqing on taking office 9 years ago. Golovkin should also deepen trade relations and secure the Amur for Russia . More than 300 people with special uniforms were hired for the embassy, ​​including the military, civil servants, scientists and clergy. This also included Filipp Wigel , who described the company in his notes . The company did not lead to success. While in Russia, Golovkin received a protest from the Chinese government against the embassy being too staffed. When he came to Urga with a reduced crew , another letter from the Chinese government awaited him with the exact reception ceremony including a feces . Golovkin found this unacceptable and returned to Siberia. Because of the failure, Golovkin was only allowed to return from Irkutsk to St. Petersburg in December 1806 .

Golovkin was now on leave and lived abroad until 1816. In 1808 Empress Maria Fjodorovna commissioned him to mediate the project of the marriage of Grand Duchess Katharina Pavlovna to Georg von Oldenburg . The marriage was concluded in 1809 and ended in 1812 with the death of Georg von Oldenburg. Katharina Pawlowna married Wilhelm I of Württemberg for the second time in 1816 and died in 1819. In 1819 Golowkin returned to the Russian service and was ambassador in Karlsruhe , Stuttgart and Vienna until 1822, after which he was again on leave.

In 1826 Golovkin belonged to the Supreme Court in the trial against the Decembrists . Nikolai I appointed him a member of the State Council and Lord Chamberlain in 1831 . In 1834, Golovkin was elected an honorary member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences , and he became the curator of the Kharkov Scientific District .

Golovkin died on his Konstantinowo estate in Ujesd Romny in Poltava Governorate. He had converted three quarters of his estate with 12,000 serf farmers into a majorate for the children of his only daughter Natalja (1787-1860). He had sold the rest and bequeathed the proceeds to the wife of a St. Petersburg theater illuminator, who lived with him for a long time.

Golovkin's nephew was the writer Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub .

Honors

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Архивы Российской академии наук: Головкин Юрий Александрович, граф (accessed October 30, 2018).
  2. ↑ a b Рудаков В. Е .: Головкины . In: Brockhaus-Efron . tape IX , 1893, p. 73 ( Wikisource [accessed October 30, 2018]).
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h ДИПЛОМАТЫ РОССИЙСКОЙ ИМПЕРИИ: Юрий Александрович Головкин (accessed October 30, 2018).
  4. ↑ a b Вигель Ф. Ф .: Записки: В 2 кн . Захаров, Moscow 2003, ISBN 5-8159-0092-3 .
  5. ↑ О посольстве в Китай графа Головкина . Moscow 1875 ( rsl.ru [accessed October 30, 2018]).
  6. ↑ Korff MA : Записки барона М. А. Корфа . Захаров, Moscow 2003.
personal data
SURNAME Golovkin, Yuri Alexandrovich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Головкин, Юрий Александрович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian diplomat and ambassador
DATE OF BIRTH July 1, 1762
PLACE OF BIRTH Lausanne
DATE OF DEATH February 2, 1846
Place of death Konstantinowo, Ujesd Romny