Pak choi

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Pak choi
Shanghai Pak Choi - Shanghai Mustard Cabbage

Shanghai Pak Choi - Shanghai Mustard Cabbage

Systematics
Order : Cruciferous (Brassicales)
Family : Cruciferous vegetables (Brassicaceae)
Tribe : Brassiceae
Genre : Cabbage ( Brassica )
Type : Rapeseed ( Brassica rapa )
Subspecies : Pak choi
Scientific name
Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis
( L. ) Hanelt

Pak Choi , also known as Pak Choy , Pok Choi or in German Chinese mustard cabbage or Chinese leaf cabbage ( Brassica rapa subsp. Chinensis ), is a close relative of Chinese cabbage . It forms loose heads with bright leaf veins . The leaves are darker green, similar to those of the Swiss chard .

Pok Choi with “smaller heads” is called Baby Pak Choi ( Cantonese 白菜 仔 , báicàizǎi , Jyutping baak 6 coi 3 zai 2  - “little Pak Choi”). In contrast , Shanghai Pak Choi ( Chinese  上海 白菜 , Pinyin shànghǎi báicài , Jyutping soeng 6 hoi 2 baak 6 coi 3 , coll. Also 上海 青 , shànghǎiqīng , Jyutping soeng 6 hoi 2 cing 1 ) has green leaf veins and stems . Sometimes there is also the name “Shanghai Baby Pak Choi”.

In English it is also known as Bok Choi , Bok Choy , but in Dutch it is mostly known as Paksoi .

The well from the family of the Cruciferae derived and thus related Choi sum ( Brassica rapa subsp. Parachinensis , 菜心 , Caixin , Jyutping coi 3 sam 1 ) is colloquially as Wrong pak choi , respectively. The Kai-lan ( Brassica oleracea var. Alboglabra ) is also related .

Naming

The name Pak Choi is derived from the Cantonese name for Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis ( cant. 白菜 , báicài , Jyutping baak 6 coi 3 Yale baak6 choi3, literally " white vegetables "). Its Chinese - more precisely standard Chinese - name is Xiaobaicai ( Chinese  小白菜 , Pinyin xiǎobáicài , Jyutping siu 2 baak 6 coi 3  - "small Pak Choi - small white vegetables") or colloquially Qingcai ( 青菜 , qīngcài , Jyutping cing 1 coi 3  - " literally green vegetables ”). Due to the same characters in Chinese , the word origin from Cantonese should not be compared with the Chinese name from standard Chinese for Chinese cabbage Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis ( 白菜 , báicài , pai 2 -ts'ai 4 , Jyutping baak 6 coi 3 , Yale baak 2 choi 3 , also 大白菜 , dàbáicài , ta 4 pai 2 -ts'ai 4 , Jyutping daai 6 baak 6 coi 3 , Yale daai 6 baak 6 choi 3 ) to be confused.

Origin and cultivation

Pak Choi is grown on a large scale in its country of origin, China, and in Asia . Although the plant prefers the moist warmth of Asian climates, it can be grown in temperate European regions, even in your own garden. Pak Choi has been bred in the Netherlands since around 2004 . The rapidly growing, heat-loving plant is cultivated in greenhouses and can be harvested after six to eight weeks.

Description and use

The plants form rosettes of short-stemmed, circularly arranged leaves with bright, juicy leaf veins . The rosettes are prepared cooked as vegetables or raw. Pak Choi has a slightly mustard-like, aromatic taste that is strongly reminiscent of the light-colored leaves of cauliflower and vaguely of Chinese cabbage .

Pak Choi is used as a vegetable and salad and can be used in dishes instead of chard or spinach . In particular, the Baby Pak Choi ( 小白菜 , xiǎobáicài , Jyutping siu 2 baak 6 coi 3 ) comes very close to these in terms of cooking properties. Since Pak Choi contains a lot of moisture, it should be processed as fresh as possible.

  • Different types of pak choi

  • Pak Choi - white leaf veins a. -stems

  • Baby Pak Choi - much smaller

  • Shanghai Pak Choi - greener in comparison

  • Shanghai Pak Choi - prepared as a simple dish

ingredients

Pak-Choi contains a lot of potassium and carotene , calcium , vitamin C and some B vitamins , as well as secondary plant substances such as flavonoids , phenolic acid and glucosinolates ( mustard oils ). The latter are said to have an antibiotic or germicidal effect. The values ​​of the ingredients serve as a general guide, since environmental and cultivation conditions have an influence on the level of these values.

100 g pak choi raw contain: 1
Calorific value water fat protein carbohydrates Fiber sugar
54.4 kJ (13 kcal) 95.3 g 0.2 g 1.5 g 2.9 g 1.0 g 1.2 g
100 g pak choi raw contain: 1
Sat. Fatty acids Simple unsaturated Fatty acids Multiple unsaturated Fatty acids Folic acid
27 mg 15 mg 96 mg 66 µg
100 g pak choi raw contain: 1
iron copper potassium calcium Magn. sodium phosphorus selenium zinc
0.8 mg 21 µg 250 mg 110 mg 19 mg 65 mg 37 mg 0.5 µg 0.19 mg
100 g pak choi raw contain: 1
β-carotene Vita. A. Vita. B1 Vita. B2 Vita. B3 Vita. B5 Vita. B6 Vita. C. Vita. K1
2.68 mg 0.22 mg 40 µg 70 µg 0.5 mg 88 µg 0.19 mg 45 mg 45.6 µg

Source for tables:

annotation
1 The nutrient table is incomplete; H. there are other nutrients not listed here in the table! Cooked Pak Choi has different nutritional values, see the original table (cooked) in the individual records.

Please refer

Web links

Commons : Pak Choi ( Brassica rapa subsp. Chinensis )  - Collection of images
Wiktionary: Pak Choi  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Pak Choi (kant. 白菜), also Qīngcài (chin. 青菜): Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. (English)
  2. ↑ Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis (common name: Pak Choi). www.online.uni-marburg.de , accessed on January 21, 2020 .
  3. ↑ Pak Choi Holland. In: www.hanos.de. Retrieved January 21, 2020 (wholesale).
  4. ↑ a b Pak Choi (cant. 白菜), also Xiǎobáicài (chin. 小白菜), Qīngcài (chin. 青菜) Brassica chinensis Linnaeus. In: www.fooddb.com.hk. Retrieved June 24, 2019 (Chinese, English).
  5. ↑ a b Pak Choi (cant. 白菜), also Xiǎobáicài (chin. 小白菜), Qīngcài (chin. 青菜) Brassica chinensis Linnaeus ( Memento from December 25, 2017 in the Internet Archive ). In: www.fooddb.com.hk, accessed June 24, 2019 (Chinese, English)
  6. ↑ Baby Pak Choi. In: www.chefs-inspiration.com. Accessed January 21, 2020 .
  7. ↑ Pak Choi Shanghai. In: www.chefs-inspiration.com. Accessed January 21, 2020 .
  8. ^ Baby Pak Choi Shanghai. In: www.chefs-inspiration.com. Accessed January 21, 2020 .
  9. ↑ a b Pak Choi (cant. 白菜) aka Xiǎobáicài (chin. 小白菜) aka Qīngcài (chin. 青菜) ( Brassica rapa chinensis ). In: leo.org . Retrieved December 26, 2019 (Chinese, German).
  10. ↑ Chinese cabbage ( Brassica pekinensis ). In: leo.org . Retrieved December 26, 2019 (Chinese, German).
  11. ↑ a b Paksoi / Pakchoi / Pak Choi - What is that anyway? In: www.huettenhilfe.de. Retrieved July 22, 2019 .
  12. ↑ Pak Choi ( Brassica rapa ssp. Chinensis ). In: www. Pflanzen-lexikon.com. Retrieved November 9, 2012 .
  13. ↑ Pak Choi (mustard cabbage) - nutritional values, calories, carbohydrates. In: vegane-Fitnessernaehrung.de. Retrieved December 26, 2019 .
  14. ↑ Pak Choi (mustard cabbage), cooked - nutritional values, calories, carbohydrates. In: vegane-Fitnessernaehrung.de. Retrieved December 26, 2019 .