Trial oocyte
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Trial oocyte
community Frankenroda
Coordinates: 51 ° 6 ′ 27 ″ N , 10 ° 17 ′ 47 ″ E
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| Height : | 185–190 m above sea level NN |
| Incorporation : | 1922 |
| Postal code : | 99826 |
| Area code : | 036924 |
 The main building of Probsteizella
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Probsteizella is a single farmstead belonging to the municipality of Frankenroda in the Wartburg district in Thuringia with an adjoining campsite and a riding stables that opened in 1998.
location
Probsteizella is located in the northern Wartburg district, on the right bank of the Werra between Frankenroda and the Treffurt district of Falken . The courtyard can be reached by road from Frankenroda. An asphalted section of the Werra Valley cycle path leads past the farm. A private boat dock, riding and hiking trails have enabled a variety of leisure activities since the 1990s. In the GDR era, Probsteizella was on the edge of the restricted area, but could be viewed. The Prosteizella corridor also includes extensive arable land and forest holdings, in the north the agricultural Fuchsberg to the Ziegental, on the opposite Breitenberg to the Scherbda border. This southern part of the district corresponded to about 60 percent of the total area and could only be reached by carts via detours (Werra Bridge Falken or von Scherbda), as there was no access due to the steep bank of the Werra on Mönchsberg near Frankenroda. When the tide was low, fords were used in the Werra.
history
Probsteizella was first mentioned in 1104 on a document from Archbishop Ruthard of Mainz . It is reported that this bishop consecrated an altar near Falken, and one of those involved mentioned a noble knight " Pilgrim de Trifurte " as a witness. On the basis of this certificate, the neighboring towns of Frankenroda, Falken and Treffurt as well as the village of Bischofroda, about eight kilometers south as the crow flies, celebrated the 900th anniversary. The initial equipment of the "cell" donated by Ruthard included a mill, property in the neighboring village of Schnellmannshausen , in Hötzelsroda , in a deserted area of Honingen (on the edge of Hainich ?), In the village of Almenhausen near Mihla, which was later also deserted, and a place that was apparently not disputed until 1269 “Steinbach” in the forest area that has not yet been cleared between Falken, Scherbda, Frankenroda and Nazza . One year after the consecration of the altar of the Probstei Zella, i.e. in 1105, the fiefdom of Bischofroda, which was also owned by Mainz and held by the knight Hermannus von Creuzburg , had returned to the Mainz archbishopric without heirs. Archbishop Ruthard has now donated the CELLA SANCTI MARTINI - which will later become the Probsteizella - a gift.
Ruthard's donation from Bischofroda was contested. The dispute between the Disibodenberg monastery and the Erfurt Peterskloster as the superordinate archiepiscopal authority for probsteizella was decided at the general synod of 1143 in Mainz under Bishop Heinrich (1142-1153) that the "illegal owner" should give up the Bischofroda estate that the property was to be shared between the two monasteries. Although Pope Eugene III. on February 17, 1148 in Metz, the abbot Kuno of the Disibodenberg monastery confirmed the possession of the property including the village of Bischofroda, from 1148 the Rhine-Palatinate monastery is no longer mentioned in relation to Bischofroda.
In the numerous conflicts of this time, Probsteizella also needed military protection, it was incumbent on the noble family of the noble lords of Treffurt , who were based in Treffurt, at Burg Normannstein . The neighboring Martinskirchen in Falken and Mihla were already of great importance as original parishes and retained this role even after Probsteizella was founded. Today's Martinskirche von Falken in the Güldenen Stift has an annex on the east side, which apparently belonged to a special administrative building of the parish. It can be assumed that the remote Cella St. Martin was sufficient for the few monks as a place to live and sleep, but this remote location was unsuitable for the increasing administrative work and also representative tasks. The already mentioned Peterskloster in Erfurt had the overall supervision of the archbishop's possessions in Thuringia, the dignitaries there were tied even more tightly to the respective archbishop by assigning titles and property, Probsteizella was rededicated to the provost's office after the importance of the Falkener Martinskirche had increased .
After the Ludowingers died out, a conflict raged in West Thuringia, beginning with the Thuringian War of Succession , over several decades over the supremacy between the Wettins as Landgraves of Thuringia, the Landgraves of Hesse and the Archbishopric of Mainz, as well as other parties to the conflict, which the opposing parties had with varying success could be won. The kings ruling at this time also tried to consolidate their own power interests through campaigns. In this unstable situation, the country sank into chaos and anarchy, the Treffurter knights, who were appointed guardian bailiffs, became a warring party and besieged their castles in the late 13th century. After the defeat of the Treffurter knights, their previously independent territory was divided among the three victorious powers. During this process of division, the Ganerbschaft Treffurt was jointly administered, but some peripheral areas fell to the respective neighboring lords as compensation. The Zella provost remained near Mainz and was still administered from the Peterskloster in Erfurt , while the associated properties in Bischofroda, Hötzelsroda and elsewhere were sold or pledged to aristocratic families as fiefs. The protective power now assumed by the three gan heirs remained.
Reformation time
The Reformation initiated by Martin Luther was also approved in many Thuringian parishes. The pastor of St. Martin and not Thomas Müntzer mentioned in the Falkener Ortschronik is said to have called on the farmers gathered at Probsteizella to take part in the peasant war on April 24, 1525. His traces are lost in the turmoil of the Peasant War , even the few monks of Probsteizella left their now unsafe homes before the height of the unrest. In accordance with the hereditary contracts, in the case of Probsteizella, the previous state was restored, for this the reconstruction of the devastated facility was necessary. A coat of arms stone now on the south facade shows that it still belongs to the Archdiocese of Mainz, it shows the coat of arms of the Erfurt Peterskloster and the year 1592. Since the neighboring places had already converted to Protestantism , the re-occupation of the small monastery showed little success and the place was changed into an agricultural estate. The properties in Bischofroda and in the neighboring village of Berka in front of the Hainich as "Probsteizellaer fiefs" were also retained by the Peterskloster. Until the prelatic fief of Bischofroda fell to the ducal Saxon-Eisenachian office of Creuzburg , 12 residents and a quarter of the Protestant village of Bischofroda were tied to the archbishopric as subjects of the monastery on the basis of the ongoing treaties. For the court lords of the two places, this situation meant a multitude of social tensions and conflicts.
Expropriation in the Thirty Years War
During the Thirty Years War , the Swedish city commander of Erfurt Alexander Essken took Probsteizella into private ownership from 1632 to 1635.
Only after this war, which had deeply affected Thuringia through devastation and the plague, the Peterskloster in Erfurt seems to have continued the administration of the Probsteizellaer and Bischofrodaer fiefs by the von Creuzburg family with a new feudal letter of March 7, 1650 . The fiefdom letter has the following content:
- We Johannes Henningius by God's grace of the Köllner Stift and Kloster Sankt Peter zu Erfurt, Abbot and Lord of the Probstei Zella an der Werra, Benedictine order, Mainz diocese, openly confess to us and our descendants that we are the noble bailiffs Ernst Christoph and Adolf Ernst von Creuzburg, all of your heirs, at your most humble request and request, our village Bischofroda with all its affiliations, services, consequences, taxes, interest, drifts, ... including all freedoms, habits, uses and judgments over neck and neck, guilt and do not damage it, have lent and recognized that they are suitable, lent, and profess the same thing to them here - with the force of this letter, that our monastery has performed the usual feudal obligation in such a way that they swore and mediate a bodily oath the same promise to be faithful, obedient and kind to us, our descendants, to warn us of harm, be at least to woo and to earn such a fief loyally, as is customary, to do the same as often as they fall, as such a fiefdom is capable of and old tradition, loyally without bad cunning or danger.
Napoleonic occupation
Some of the boundary stones exhibited at the Frankenrodaer church marked the corridor of the probsteizella, which is now regarded as an exclave , with numerous other painting stones . Duke Ernst August von Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach tried to cash in this meanwhile insignificant possession by inspiring his lawyers, he invoked an Electoral Saxon law of 1624, according to which no Catholics were to be tolerated in the country and demanded that according to the constitution of the princely Saxon-Ernestine house an evangelical liege should be used. It was found, however, that no one was willing to take over the Probsteizellaer and Bischofrodaer fiefs, especially since these were already burdened with 14,000 thalers fiefdoms. The Erfurt abbot had appointed an administrator in Bischofroda; The status quo remained until Thuringia gradually came under Napoleonic rule. The Peterskloster had to cede its ownership rights in Bischofroda and Probsteizella to the ducal rent chamber in Creuzburg. According to local tradition, a French general received the Probsteizella, which had been converted into a manor, from Napoleon as a personal gift.
Probsteizella becomes the property of the Bischofroda estate
After the liberation from the French occupation , the ownership in Probsteizella changed again, it was now allocated to the chamber property set up in Bischofroda, new tenants were appointed after a law in Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach in 1821 regulated the releasability of manual and tension front services and in 1853 the Replacement of the manorial rights was carried out. In 1851 there was already a municipal district regulation between Bischofroda and Berka because of the common hat and pasture justice, paddock hats and trifts that were still used from ancient times. In 1880, Ökonomierat Schambach was the tenant of the Kammergut until around 1900 the Kammergut became the property of Bischofroda.
Incorporation to Frankenroda
Politically, Probsteizella remained incorporated into Bischofroda until it was assigned to its former court village Frankenroda (formerly Saxon-Gothic) on November 1, 1922 when the unified state of Thuringia was established.
The first section of the Schwebda – Wartha railway, which was put into operation in 1902 , initially connected Treffurt with Wanfried and Eschwege in the west. The route finding between Falken and Farnroda led to the construction of several Werra bridges and the railway embankment on the opposite bank of the Werra. The nearest stop was built in Frankenroda. From 1907 the railway line was connected with Creuzburg and Eisenach in the south. In 1911, the Mühlhausen – Treffurt railway was opened , connecting the city with Heyerode and Mühlhausen in the east. Thanks to its idyllic location, Probsteizella experienced an increasing number of day-trippers.
Because of the demolition of some Werra bridges at the end of the Second World War and the subsequent demarcation of the border, rail traffic to Treffurt and Mihla had to be stopped from 1945.
GDR times and the present
The land reform and expropriation of the large landowners in Thuringia after the war resulted in a division of the agricultural and forestry area, while parts of the area to Falken were later designated as a nature reserve. In the 1960s, the buildings were transferred to a vacation property owned by VEB Laborchemie Apolda, which was continued until the fall of the Wall , although Probsteizella was in fact already part of the border area due to the exclusion zone established in 1961. The unrenovated buildings and some bungalows and barracks found a private buyer in 1996; In 1998 a country inn opened on the premises after extensive renovation.
Culture and sights
- In memory of the time of the monastery, the customs of horse pilgrimages , which were still preserved in Eichsfeld , were adopted in Probsteizella.
- The Probsteizella nature reserve is located north of the village and has a size of 26.9 hectares. It was expelled on March 23, 1961.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Official topographic maps of Thuringia 1: 10,000. Eichsfeldkreis, LK Nordhausen, Kyffhäuserkreis, Unstrut-Hainich-Kreis . In: Thuringian Land Survey Office (Hrsg.): CD-ROM series Top10 . CD 1. Erfurt 1999.
- ↑ In his essays on the history of the city Treffurt refers Jürgen Runzheimer on further details of the Memorandum of 1104. There are two known copies of the original in German archives, a typographical analysis by the font experts apparently revealed several illegible, possibly even fake passages concerning Steinbach in the Copy kept in the Magdeburg State Archives.
- ^ Klaus Schmidt: The Wartburg district. Nature and landscape . In: Wartburgkreis (Ed.): Nature conservation in the Wartburgkreis . tape 7 . Printing and publishing house Frisch, Eisenach and Bad Salzungen 1999, p. 87 .
literature
- W. Böttger: 900 years of Bischofroda . Ed .: Municipal administration Bischofroda. Printing and publishing house Frisch, Eisenach 2004.
- Municipal administration Falken (Ed.): 900 years Falken on the Werra . Druck- und Verlagshaus Frisch, Eisenach 2004, ISBN 3-931431-31-2 , p. 186 .
- Community administration Frankenroda (Ed.): 900 years of Frankenroda . Printing and publishing house Frisch, Eisenach 2004.
- Jürgen Runzheimer : Treffurt and Normannstein Castle. From the beginning to the end of the condominium in the 19th century . 24 essays on history. 2nd Edition. Self-published, Gladenbach-Runzhausen 2004, DNB 974158127 .
