Severo-Evensky rajon
| Rajon
Severo-Evensky rajon
Северо-Эвенский район
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The Severo-Evensky rajon ( Russian Се́веро-Эве́нский райо́н ) is a district of the Magadan Oblast in northeastern Russia . Administrative center is the urban-type settlement Ewensk .
geography
location
The Severo-Evensky rajon is located in the northeast of the oblast. It is bounded in the south by the Sea of Okhotsk , in the east on the Kamchatka region , in the northeast on the Chukchi Autonomous Okrug and in the northwest on the Srednekanski rajon and in the west on the Omsuktschanski rajon of Magadan Oblast.
Relief and rivers
From southwest to northeast, the Rajon is cut through by the main ridge of the Kolyma Mountains , which in the western part reaches heights of almost 2000 m . The area to the northwest of it is drained by the largest Kolyma tributary, the Omolon, and its tributaries. In the southeastern part of the Rajon there is a predominance of flatter terrain up to low mountain ranges . Here, the flow Gischiga the Gizhigin Bay Sea of Okhotsk to, in the far east of Paren the Penzhina Bay (underflow and mouth already on the territory of the Kamchatka Region). A part of the northwest coast of the Penschinabusen as well as the mountainous (up to almost 1500 m ) peninsula Taigonos , which separates Penschinabusen and Gischigabucht, lie in the extreme south-east of the Rajon.
population
The Rajon has 2819 inhabitants (2008), its area is 102,000 km². With a population density of only 0.028 inhabitants per km² (or one inhabitant per 36 km²), it is the most sparsely populated in the oblast and one of the most sparsely populated in all of Russia. More than half of the population are members of the indigenous peoples (in addition to the Evens , Koryaks , Itelmens , Chukchi and Kamchadals ). The rest are mostly Russians .
Administrative division
In addition to the administrative center, the Evensk Urban Settlement, the Rajon includes five rural settlements with a total of six villages:
- Garmandinskoje ( Гармандинское ) with the village of Garmanda
- Gischiginskoje ( Гижигинское ) with Gischiga
- Taigonoskoye ( Тайгоносское ) with Topolowka
- Chaibukhinskoye ( Чайбухинское ) with administrative headquarters in Chaibucha and the village of Malaya Chaibucha
- Verkhneparenskoye ( Верхнепареньское ) with Verkhny Paren
history
The area, previously inhabited by Evens and members of other small ethnic groups, was first reached in the 17th century by Russian Cossacks on their way to the east. However, colonization was not intensified until the second half of the 18th century when an ostrog was built near the Gischiga estuary in 1752 and was elevated to a town in 1783. The city (now the village of Gischiga), which was initially also called Ischiginsk or Gischiginsk , never had more than a few hundred inhabitants, but it became the administrative seat of a huge okrug of the same name in Primorye Oblast.
At the beginning of the 1850s, the Baltic German explorer and naturalist Karl von Ditmar traveled to and described the area on his Kamchatka expeditions ("to the desolate Ishiginsk, [...] further to the wild mountains and lonely tundras of the Taigonos peninsula").
During the Soviet period , the Okrug Gischiga (Gischiginski) was converted into the Gischiginski (Penschinski) rajon of the Far Eastern Region on January 4, 1926 . The Severo-Evenski rajon was built from its western part on July 9, 1931 and was incorporated into the Okhotsk-Evensky National Circle , which had existed since 1930 . The name stands for "North Ewenischer Rajon", since it is the northernmost main settlement area of the Ewenen. The administrative seat was the village of Najachan.
After the dissolution of the national circle on July 22, 1934, the Rajon belonged to the Lower Amur Oblast (Nizhneamurskaya) , still as part of the Far Eastern Region or, after its split on October 20, 1938, as part of the Khabarovsk region . When the Magadan Oblast was spun off from the Khabarovsk region on December 3, 1953, the Severo-Evensky rajon came to the former.
As early as 1951, the administrative headquarters had been moved to Evensk, the former village of Bolshaya Garmanda, after Najachan was completely destroyed by floods. In 1954, the western part of the area was split off as Omsuktschanski rajon.
Population development
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1959 | 4781 |
| 1970 | 6164 |
| 1979 | 7475 |
| 2002 | 3744 |
| 2008 | 2819 |
Note: 1959-2002 census data
Economy and Infrastructure
The main industry is gold mining. In addition, reindeer herding , hunting and fishing are mainly practiced by the indigenous population .
There are no fixed roads. The Evensk administrative center has a small airport ( Severo-Evensk , ICAO code UHMW ).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Today Severo-Evensky rajon was 78 years old on the regional information portal kolyma.ru , July 9, 2009 (Russian)
- ^ Karl von Ditmar: Travel and stay in Kamchatka in the years 1851–1855: Historical report based on the diaries . Part 1. Imperial Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg 1890.
- ↑ Review . In: German geographical sheets . No. 13 , 1890, p. 281 .
Web links
- Severo-Evensky rajon on the Oblast Administration website (Russian)
