Roth von Schreckenstein
Roth von Schreckenstein , also red of , is the name of an old, originally from Ulm coming patrician family .
history
The Roth belonged to the most important urban noble families in the free imperial city of Ulm. Bertholdus Rufus minister ( Ammann ) appears in a document as one of the first verifiable relatives in 1237 as Ministeriale of the Counts of Dillingen . In 1287 Otto der Roete was first mentioned in a document with the German name form. Members of the family became mayors , judges, and were on the city council . They owned large estates in and around Ulm and successfully traded with Augsburg and Ravensburg , where individual branches of the family also settled. Johann Roth from Ulm was Prince-Bishop of Breslau from 1482 to 1506 .
The various lines were named after their possessions, including Roth von Holzschwang , Roth von Hüttichsheim, Roth von Reutti and Roth von Schreckenstein. However, only the Roth von Schreckenstein with a branch in Baden and Prussia could survive into the 20th century. The Rothen in Ulm received their ancestral seat Schreckenstein from the Counts of Helfenstein as a fief . The Schreckenstein Castle, which was used as an epithet from 1352, can still be located in Bollingen today.
The founder of this branch was Hironymus Roth von Schreckenstein (1500–1568), who left Ulm as an opponent of the Reformation and joined the Imperial Knighthood. Emperor Charles V confirmed the old nobility to him in 1546 and 1552 . His son Hieronymus (1534–1599) acquired the rule of Greut near Vogt in 1576 and his grandson Johann Conrad Roth von Schreckenstein (1615–1692) in 1672 Immendingen and the tithe in Horgen as a fief of the Lords of Fürstenberg . In 1684 Billafingen (now part of the community of Owingen ) came into family ownership.
Members of the family were members of the imperial knighthood in the knightly cantons of Kraichgau , Danube and Hegau-Allgäu of the Swabian knight circle and have been given the title of baron in their registers since 1684 . For a time they were also given the office of inheritance of the Kempten Abbey . In the local monastery, Honorius Roth von Schreckenstein († 1785) was elected prince abbot.
Ludwig Roth von Schreckenstein (1789–1858) became Prussian Minister of War in 1848 , but resigned from his office six months later after the turmoil of the March Revolution . In 1853 he was appointed General of the Cavalry and Commanding General of the VII Army Corps . For his faithful service he was one of the first to receive the Royal House Order of Hohenzollern from King Friedrich Wilhelm IV . Karl Heinrich Roth von Schreckenstein (1823–1894), Chamberlain of the Grand Duke of Baden and director of the Baden State Archives in Karlsruhe from 1868 to 1885 , was an archivist and historian who wrote important works on the Franconian-Swabian history.
With the death of his son Rudolf Roth von Schreckenstein in 1913, the male line of the family died out .
coat of arms
The family coat of arms is split. A red-armored, silver unicorn in black at the front and three times divided by silver and black at the back. The unicorn growing on the helmet. The helmet covers are black and silver.
The brothers Hieronymus and Augustin Rott von Schreckenstein received improvements to their coat of arms on May 10, 1546 and on October 29, 1552 the entire family. At Siebmacher a square shield appears, 1 and 4 the family coat of arms, 2 and 3 in silver two crossed red branches with four mutilated branches each. The right helmet as in the family coat of arms, the left helmet with red and silver covers, a closed, silver flight covered with branches .
The unicorn from the coat of arms of the Roth von Schreckenstein family can still be seen today in the coat of arms of Billafingen , a district of the municipality of Owingen on Lake Constance, and the municipality of Bachhagel in the Swabian district of Dillingen on the Danube .
Known family members
- Hans Christoph Roth von Schreckenstein (1584–1632), Erfurt patrician
- Friedrich Josef Anton von Schreckenstein (1753–1808) founded the Society of Friends of Patriotic History and Natural History at the sources of the Danube on January 19, 1805 , the Baarverein, which is still active today.
- Heinrich Karl von Schreckenstein (1756–1826), Bavarian prelate and government official
- Honorius Roth von Schreckenstein (1726–1785), prince abbot in the Prince Abbey of Kempten 1760/85
- Karl Roth von Schreckenstein (1823–1894), archivist, heraldist and historian
- Ludwig Roth von Schreckenstein (1789–1858), Prussian general of the cavalry and minister of war
- Maximilian Roth von Schreckenstein (1831–1875), Prussian lieutenant colonel and commander of the Rhenish Uhlan Regiment No. 7
See also
literature
- Otto Hupp : Munich calendar 1927. Munich / Regensburg publishing house 1927.
- Genealogical manual of the nobility , Adelslexikon. Volume XII, Volume 125 of the complete series, CA Starke Verlag, Limburg (Lahn) 2001, ISSN 0435-2408
- Reinhard Jakob, Claus Vogel: Roth, Augsburg patrician family. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 22, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-428-11203-2 , pp. 105-107 ( digitized version ).