Ciechanowice
| Ciechanowice | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Lower Silesia | ||
| Powiat : | Kamienna Góra | ||
| Gmina : | Marciszów | ||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 52 ' N , 15 ° 59' E | ||
| Height : | 400-415 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 987 (March 31, 2011) | ||
| Postal code : | 58-410 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 75 | ||
| License plate : | DKA | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Rail route : | Wrocław Świebodzki – Zgorzelec railway line | ||
| Next international airport : | Wroclaw | ||
Ciechanowice (1945-1946: Radlice , German : Rudelstadt , until 1754: Rudelsdorf ) is a village in the Gmina Marciszów ( Merzdorf ) in the powiat Kamiennogórski in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship in Poland . Rudelstadt was a mining town between 1754 and 1809 .
geography
The place is about 2.5 km northwest of Marciszów and about 20 km east of Jelenia Gora ( Hirschberg ). In terms of natural space, it lies in the border area between the Landeshuter Kamm and the Bober-Katzbach Mountains at the foot of the eastern Giant Mountains . The Bober ( Bóbr ) flows through it .
history
The first, but probably forged, documentary mention of the place as Rudolfesdorf dates back to the year 1203. According to this document, Duke Heinrich the Bearded assigned large areas to the Cistercian monastery of Leubus . Was first documented "Rudolphi villa" 1278. At that time it belonged to the Duchy of Jawor and came after the death of the Duke Bolko II. In 1368 along with the Duchy of Jawor inheritance rights to the Bohemian King Wenceslas , the son of the Duchess Anna of Schweidnitz was . However, until her death in 1392 , Bolkos II's widow Agnes von Habsburg had the usufruct of the now Bohemian hereditary principality of Schweidnitz-Jauer. During the Hussite Wars , the area belonged to the Tschirnhaus and Reichenbach families . From 1660, the Schweinitz family ruled for over 100 years .
As a result of the First Silesian War , Rudelsdorf fell to Prussia in 1742, along with most of Silesia . In the Second Silesian War , the town was in 1745 plundered and pillaged . In order to improve the economic basis, Hans Friedrich von Schweinitz resumed old copper mining with the Adler mine in 1747. More mines followed. Following developments, a weekly market was approved in 1749 and three annual markets in 1750 .
At the request of Hans Friedrich von Schweinitz, the place was finally raised to a free mining town on February 7, 1754 by the Prussian King Friedrich the Great .
In 1771 Baron von Seherr-Thoß bought the estate from the late Schweinitz's subhastation for 56,000 Reichstaler and subsequently bequeathed it to his sister, who was married to one of von Prittwitz. Between 1779 and 1783 Prittwitzdorf was laid out for weavers and miners by Joachim Bernhard von Prittwitz .
With the Stein'schen town reform of November 19, 1808, all special rights were abolished. Rudelstadt lost its town charter again and was only a patch from 1809 .
In 1808 Karl Heinrich von Prittwitz and Gaffron took over Rudelstadt from his mother's estate. After his death it was given to his son Friedrich Wilhelm Georg Bernhard (1816–1863) and after his death to his brother Joachim Heinrich Alexander. In 1816 Rudelstadt was incorporated into the Bolkenhain district. Rudelstadt received an upswing in 1867 when the place was connected to the Waldenburg – Görlitz railway line . Many residents took the opportunity to go on excursions in the area. In 1874 the administrative district Rudelstadt was formed, to which the rural communities Adlersruh (since 1945 Orlina ), Prittwitzdorf (since Przybkowice ) and Rudelstadt as well as the manor district Rudelstadt belonged. The last German owner of the Rudelstadt estate and castle was Eduard von Eichborn.
From 1932, Rudelstadt and the Morgensternwerk district belonged to the Landeshut i. Schles. with which it remained connected until the end of the war in 1945.
As a result of the Second World War , Rudelstadt fell to Poland in 1945, along with most of Silesia . It was first renamed Radlice and a year later Ciechanowice . The German population was expelled unless they had already fled . Uranium was mined until 1954.
Development of the population
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Attractions
- The St. The parish church consecrated to Augustin ( kościół parafialny św. Augustyna ) was first mentioned in 1335, fundamentally rebuilt in 1577, expanded in 1601 and renovated in 1901. Stone consoles, tracery and vaulted capstones still come from the previous Gothic building. The ceiling in the nave and the galleries are adorned with a painted wooden coffered ceiling. The main altar with the flagellation of Christ was created by the Marienberg sculptor Paul Meyner in 1600 . The pulpit with portraits of prophets and scenes from the life of Christ dates from 1603. The stone baptismal font was built in the 1st quarter of the 17th century.
- To the east of the choir is a burial chapel with groin vault, in which members of the von Reichenbach family were buried. Further epitaphs can be found in the crypt.
- The church is surrounded by a cemetery wall with a gate.
- Rudelstadt Castle was built at the beginning of the 18th century by converting the previous Renaissance building. In 1846 the building was redesigned again on behalf of Friedrich Bernhard von Prittwitz. At that time a triangular park was created. Today the castle is privately owned.
Personalities
- Gottfried Kleiner (1691–1767), pastor and hymn poet
literature
- Robert von Prittwitz: The v. Prittwitz noble family . Compiled from the collected messages. WG Korn, Breslau 1870 ( digitized version ).
- Hugo Weczerka (Hrsg.): Handbook of the historical places . Volume: Silesia (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 316). Kröner, Stuttgart 1977, ISBN 3-520-31601-3 , pp. 452f.
- Dehio Handbook of Art Monuments in Poland. Silesia. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich a. a. 2005, ISBN 3-422-03109-X , p. 233.
Web links
- Directory of the Landkreis Landeshut
- History of Ciechanowice (Polish)
- Historical and current recordings as well as geographical location
- [1]
Individual evidence
- ^ CIS 2011: Ludność w miejscowościach statystycznych według ekonomicznych grup wieku (Polish), March 31, 2011, accessed on April 15, 2018
- ^ Christian Friedrich Emanuel Fischer, Carl Friedrich Stuckart: Contemporary history of the cities of Silesia . Stuckart, Schweidnitz 1819, p. 88 ( digitized version ).
- ^ Hermann Adolph Fechner: History of the Silesian mining and metallurgy in the time of Frederick the Great, Frederick William II and Frederick William III. 1741 to 1806 . Ernst & Sohn, Berlin 1903, p. 106, 422 ( Google Preview - 2013 reprint).
- ↑ District
- ↑ Morgensterkwerk district
- ↑ Property directory of the municipality of Rudelstadt / Landeshut district in Silesia. Valid from May 1, 1939.
- ^ Rudelstadt, Bolkenhain / Jauer district. Retrieved April 17, 2018 .
- ↑ https://culture.pl/pl/tworca/paul-meyner sculptor Paul Meyner ( Polish )