Basilica di Sant'Eugenio
 Exterior view |
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| Basic data | |
| Denomination | Roman Catholic |
| place | Rome , Italy |
| diocese | Diocese of Rome |
| Patronage | Holy Pope Eugene I. |
| Building history | |
| architect | Enrico Pietro Galeazzi and Mario Redini |
| construction time | 1942-1951 |
| Building description | |
| inauguration | June 2, 1951 |
| Function and title | |
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| 41 ° 55 '6.5 " N , 12 ° 28' 29" E | |
The Basilica di Sant'Eugenio is a church in the Roman quarter of Pinciano on Via delle Belle Arti (Viale delle Belle Arti 10, 00196 Roma). It is a titular diakonia and parish church with the rank of a basilica minor and is looked after by the personal prelature Opus Dei . The building, designed in the Baroque style, was built from 1942 to 1951 on behalf of Pope Pius XII. erected and consecrated to the patronage of Pope Eugen I. The church has a Catholic seminary .
history
On the occasion of the 25th anniversary of his episcopal ordination on May 13, 1942, Pope Pius XII. gifts have been announced from all over the world. The Pope announced that he would use the gifts to build a church in a previously churchless part of Rome. The jubilee church was to be consecrated to Pope Eugen I , the patron saint of the jubilee, whose real name was Eugenio Pacelli. Construction began in 1942 according to plans by the architects Enrico Pietro Galeazzi and Mario Redini . After delays caused by the Second World War , it was completed in 1951 and on the memorial day of Saint Eugene, June 2, 1951, by Pius XII. inaugurated .
The associated parish was established on March 16, 1951 with the Breve Petrianae navis . On May 23 of the same year, Pius elevated the church to a minor basilica with the Breve Honoris pastoralis . On March 12, 1960, Pope John XXIII established the title diakonia of the same name. In 1980 the pastoral care was entrusted to the Opus Dei personal prelature .
On March 3, 1986, Pope John Paul II visited the Church.
description
The facade is made of travertine and is divided into two levels. In the middle there is a large portal and on the side two small portals, each with a statue of Alessandro Monteleone , which represent justice and peace. The bottom row consists of six pilasters with capitals in Corinthian style . In the upper part there is a large window with a balcony, flanked by the symbols of the four evangelists by Francesco Nagni .
On the top of the dome is a statue of the Archangel Michael by A. Garardi. There is a bell tower at the back.
The interior corresponds to a three-aisled basilica , which is divided by double columns and has five side chapels. The left side chapels are dedicated to Niklaus von Flüe , Katharina von Siena and Philipp Neri . Between the chapels show stained glass window images of the holy popes Marcellus I. , Silvester I. and Damasus I. The chapels on the right are Frances Xavier Cabrini and St. Francis of Assisi dedicated with a glass window of Pope Gregory VII. In between.
The main and transepts meet under a dome. In the left transept there are windows with images of Popes Martin I and Hormisdas and an altar dedicated to Our Lady of Fatima . On the right are windows with Leo IV and Agatho and an altar dedicated to Saints Peter and Paul, donated by the Republic of Lebanon . To the left of the main altar is a sacrament chapel .
The church contains other works by famous Italian artists of the twentieth century:
- On the main altar is a bronze representation of St. Eugene by Attilio Selva .
- Three mosaics in the apse by Ferruccio Ferrazzi .
- Several bronzes with representations of Italian saints in the side chapels: Franziska Xaviera Cabrini by Pericle Fazzini , Francis of Assisi by Domenico Rambelli and Philipp Neri by Francesco Messina .
- Paintings by Giuseppe Ceracchini in the chapel of Saint Joseph two frescoes by Marcello Avenali in the chapel of Saints Peter and Paul.
- 14 bronze Stations of the Cross by various artists: 1–4 by Attilio Torresini , 5–7 by Alfredo Biagini , 8–10 by Antonio Berti and 11–14 by Giacomo Manzù .
- The bronze grilles above the sacristy are by Pietro De Laurentiis and depict an angel and a sheep.
- On the right there is a Chapel of Agnes with a marble altar with carved reredos . The interior of the entire chapel is covered with mosaics. Venanzo Crocetti designed the entire equipment, including six bronze men .
organ
The organ is the opus 651 by Mascioni Orgelbau and was built in 1950, in 2007 a restoration took place. The instrument is set up on both sides of the choir and has an electric action with three manuals and a pedal . The works on the left are operated by the first and second manual and part of the pedal, and on the right by the third manual and the other part of the pedal.
The gaming table is on the left. The organ has the following disposition :
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Trivia
The Requien for the Italian actor Totò and the wife of Giuseppe Saragat , the fifth President of the Italian Republic , were celebrated in the church.
Cardinal deacons
The following people were titleholders of this church:
- Antonio Bacci , March 31, 1960 - January 20, 1971
- Umberto Mozzoni , March 5, 1973 - November 7, 1983 (from February 2, 1983 cardinal priest pro hac vice )
- Paul Poupard , May 25, 1985 - January 29, 1996
- Francesco Colasuonno , February 21, 1998 - May 31, 2003
- Julián Herranz , since October 21, 2003 (from June 12, 2014 cardinal priest pro hac vice )
literature
- A. Manodori: Quarters III. Pinciano. In: AA.VV: I quartieri di Roma. Newton & Compton Editori, Rome 2006.
- Antonio Muñoz : La Chiesa di Sant'Eugenio a Valle Giulia. In: L'Urbe. Rivista Romana , year XIV, nuova serie n.5, September – October 1951.
- C. Rendina: Le Chiese di Roma. Newton & Compton Editori, Milan 2000, pp. 98-99.
- G. Fronzuto: Organi di Roma. Guida pratica orientativa agli organi storici e moderni. Leo S. Olschki Editore, Florence 2007, ISBN 978-88-222-5674-4 , pp. 99-100.
Web links
- Website of the parish of Sant'Eugenio Rome
- Parrocchia Sant'Eugenio . Vicariatus Urbis / Vicariato di Roma (Italian)
- Pope Pius XII .: Breve Honoris pastoralis . AAS 43 (1951), p. 461 (pdf, 4 MB; Latin)
- Basilica di Sant'Eugenio . Entry on gcatholic.org, June 28, 2017 (English)
- Cenni Storici . Website of the parish of Sant'Eugenio Rome (Italian)