Schauenburg (Oberkirch)

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Schauenburg
Schauenburg ruins near Oberkirch

Schauenburg ruins near Oberkirch

Creation time : around 1050
Castle type : Höhenburg, spur location
Conservation status: ruin
Standing position : Nobles, counts, dukes
Place: Oberkirch -Gaisbach
Geographical location 48 ° 32 '22.2 "  N , 8 ° 5' 40.2"  E Coordinates: 48 ° 32 '22.2 "  N , 8 ° 5' 40.2"  E
Height: 367  m above sea level NN
Schauenburg (Baden-Wuerttemberg)
Schauenburg

The Schauenburg is the ruin of a spur castle at 367  m above sea level. NN high Spornterrasse in the Renchtal above Gaisbach, a district of the city of Oberkirch , in the Ortenaukreis in Baden-Württemberg .

history

The castle was built in the 11th century by Duke Berthold II von Zähringen and was first mentioned in 1120. Duke Welf VI. , a brother of Heinrich the Proud of Bavaria , had received the Schauenburg as a dowry in 1131 from his wife Uta, Countess von Eberstein and granddaughter of Count Palatine Gottfried von Calw . Count Gottfried was married to a Liutgard von Zähringen who had brought him the Schauenburg. With Uta von Schauenburg , the castle has a famous personality. Uta's brother Eberhard von Eberstein was a co-founder of the Allerheiligen Monastery , so she bequeathed the Schauenburg to him, as the Sindelfingen Chronicle reports. The owners were now the lords of Eberstein until they had to sell Wolf von Eberstein together with his half of the Eberstein county to Rudolf VII of Baden in 1386 .

Schauenburg, east view

The knights of Schauenburg , as ministerials and castle men of the Counts of Eberstein, occupied the castle. After the death of Ludwig Winterbach of Schauenburg, the last of his line, Henry should Steward of Höfingen by the Marquis Louis' share of the castle mortgaged be. However, the other lines of the von Schauenburg family , who had also been enfeoffed with parts of the castle , resisted it and invoked their status as Ganerbeburg . This led to the feud between the Lords of Schauenburg and Bernhard von Baden in 1402 and 1403, which they however won. The castle was besieged several times, but only taken twice.

Stones from the castle were used for the expansion of Gaisbach Castle in the 17th century. Responsible for this was the castle administrator of the neighboring Ullenburg , Hans Jakob Christoffel von Grimmelshausen , known as the author of the Simplicissimus .

After various destruction (probably in 1689 under the commanders Vauban and Melac in the Palatinate War of Succession ), the former castle has been a well-tended ruin since the 18th century, which is still in the possession of the barons of Schauenburg today.

Todays use

The Schauenburg is a popular destination. There is a small museum in the cellar of the former chapel .

investment

The well-preserved ruins of the castle complex with at least three residential towers , two of which are still partially preserved, still shows the remains of a gate tower , a ring wall , a shield wall against which a chapel was leaning, and the remains of a bailey , enclosed by a ring moat and a wall in front of him.

literature

  • Max Miller (ed.): Handbook of the historical sites of Germany . Volume 6: Baden-Württemberg (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 276). Kröner, Stuttgart 1965, DNB 456882928 .
  • Alexander Antonow: Castles of southwest Germany in the 13th and 14th centuries - with special consideration of the shield wall . Konkordia Verlag, Bühl / Baden 1977, ISBN 3-7826-0040-1 , pp. 246-248.
  • Kurt Klein: Castles, palaces and ruins - witnesses of the past in the Ortenau district . Reiff Schwarzwaldverlag, Offenburg 1997, ISBN 3-922663-47-8 , pp. 74-75.
  • Friedrich-Wilhelm Krahe: Castles of the German Middle Ages - floor plan lexicon . Special edition. Flechsig Verlag, Würzburg 2000, ISBN 3-88189-360-1 , p. 537.
  • Wolfgang Zimmermann: On the way to castles and palaces in the Black Forest. Excursions and hikes to the most beautiful and interesting castles and palaces . Fink-Kümmerly and Frey, Ostfildern 1981, ISBN 3-7718-0409-4 .
  • Dieter Buck: Castles and ruins in the northern Black Forest - 33 excursions in the footsteps of knights . Konrad Theiss Verlag, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-8062-1601-0 , pp. 54-57.
  • Hans-Martin Pillin: The Schauenburg . In: Castles and palaces in Central Baden / Historical Association for Central Baden. Ed .: Hugo Schneider, Offenburg 1984, pp. 204–216 ( Freiburg historical holdings - digital ).
  • Bertha Freifrau von Schauenburg: The ruins of the Schauenburg . In: Die Ortenau: Journal of the Historical Association for Central Baden, Issue 21: Castles and Palaces of Central Baden. 1934, pp. 259–270 ( Freiburg historical holdings - digital ).
  • Max Wingenroth : The art monuments of the Offenburg district (= The art monuments of the Grand Duchy of Baden, vol. 7). Tübingen 1908, pp. 157-177 ( digitized version ).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Berta von Schauenburg: The feud between the Lords of Schauenburg and the Margrave Bernhard von Baden, 1402–1403 In: Die Ortenau: Journal of the Historical Association for Middle Baden , Publishing House of the Historical Association for Middle Baden, Offenburg 1941, pp. 121–126 ( Digitized version )
  2. a b c Hermann Kopf : Christoph Anton Graf von Schauenburg (1717–1787): Rise and fall of the Breisgau district chief , Rombach, Freiburg im Breisgau 2000, ISBN 3-7930-0343-4 , p. 10 f.
  3. ^ Contribution by Bertha Freifrau von Schauenburg, in: Burgen und Schlösser Mittelbadens , 1936, pp. 259–270.

Web links

Commons : Schauenburg  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files