Linsberg Castle

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Residential wing of Linsberg Castle, west side (2007)

The Linsberg Castle is a baroque palace complex in the Lower Austrian town of Linsberg the market town of Bad Erlach . The complex is a medieval foundation that was expanded in the 15th to 16th centuries. In the first half of the 18th century, in poor structural condition, its owner at the time, a court master of the Wiener Neustadt bishop , had it repaired and converted into a palace. At the same time, it gave her an even, baroque appearance. In the 19th century, various changes in the style of historicism followed both on the main house and on the complex of farm buildings .

The system is under the name Castle Thurnhof to Linsberg since 1971 under monument protection . The castle and the associated castle park are privately owned and not accessible to the public, but can be seen from the street.

history

Linsberg Castle in the Franziszeischen Cadastre (around 1820)

A Konrad von Linsberg ( Chunradus de Linsperge ) is mentioned in the so-called tradition code of the Vornbach monastery around 1126 , who is mentioned again in a document from around 1150. It can therefore be assumed that there was already a fortified noble seat in Linsberg at that time . In 1403 this seat was owned by Mert Grymm. His descendant Hanns Grymm received permission to bequeath him to daughters, and so the Linsberg estate came to Niclas Waldner in 1458 through the marriage of a daughter of Hanns Grymm.

Just two years later, the "noble estate Thurnhof an Linzberg" belonged to Anton Himmelberger von Himmelberg the Younger, before Emperor Friedrich III owned it in 1463 . acquired. In 1467 he enfeoffed the Augustinian canons of the St. Ulrich monastery at the gates of Wiener Neustadt with it, before the complex came to the diocese of Wiener Neustadt in 1551 . The bishops used the complex as a summer residence at times. The court master of Wiener Neustädter Bishop Franz Anton von Puchheim, Martin Franz Bärtl, released the now indebted property in 1714 and was given it for good on January 18, 1718. Associated with this was the requirement to build a new house instead of the old, dilapidated building.

Linsberg Castle on a painting by F. Hell from 1858

Under Bärtl, who received the nobility title “Edler von Thurnhof” on the initiative of his employer, a three-winged palace in the Baroque style was built around 1730, incorporating the existing ruinous building fabric. After the lord of the castle died in April 1737, the complex changed hands frequently over the next 150 years. These included the von Rettenberg, von Schillsohn, von Starhemberg , von Schlabrendorf , von Auersperg , von Pergen, von Radossevich and von Fürstenwarther families. In 1863 the property came to the financier and industrialist Ludwig Josef Haber, who on November 30, 1869 received the baron title “von Linsberg”. His son Louis bequeathed the property to Hermann Schenker, his wife's son from their first marriage. He still belongs to his descendants today.

In 1945 the castle was looted and its interior was devastated, but then turned back into residential use. Since 1974 renovation and restoration work has been carried out on the main building, most recently in 2011.

description

The Linsberg palace complex consists of a main palace, an adjoining palace chapel with a free-standing bell tower and a building complex southwest of the main palace , which was created from the estate's farm buildings. The so-called gardener's house was also part of the property until the 2010s . Today there is only a square tower of him.

Main castle

The main castle is a three-winged system in the shape of a horseshoe, which is open to the east and whose wings enclose a courtyard. It has two floors, of which the upper floor, the main floor is. They are clearly separated from each other on the facade by a cornice in the form of a plaster band. The rectangular windows on the piano nobile have curved roofs with plant ornaments.

The north wing has a volute gable on the east side , the west wing with its barrel-vaulted gateway is preceded by a balustrade . The oldest building structure of the complex is in the southern wing: the 1.10 to 1.20 meter thick walls of a 7.40 x 11.60 meter medieval residential tower , the remains of which are still up to a height of about eight meters. This oldest component was also the inspiration for the name of the complex: In the course of time, “Turmhof” became “Thurnhof”, as the castle is still sometimes called today.

The south wing of the main castle was changed in the 19th century in the style of historicism. For example, the so-called Tudor tower on the southeast corner of the wing dates from that time . Its two lower floors have an almost square shape and a side length of about four meters. The corners are emphasized by a rusticated plaster. The top floor has an octagonal shape, which is crowned by a crenellated wreath . After 1858 a two-storey loggia was designed with three round-arched openings on the ground floor and three rectangular openings on the upper floor.

Chapel and bell tower

The chapel adjoins the main castle at its northwest corner. A frieze of ornamented terracotta tiles runs between the eaves cornice and a slightly lower cornice . On the west side of the chapel there is a small porch with a triangular gable , which houses the entrance. The pediment is decorated with terracotta applications. Like the frieze, these are not to be attributed to the time of construction in the Baroque era, but probably date from the first half of the 19th century. The basement of the chapel building is occupied by the so-called must cellar ; a room with a barrel vault, which can be dated to 1735 by the inscription on a stone. The chapel room is 8.20 meters long and between 5.80 and 6.20 meters wide. The walls and ceiling are decorated with polychrome paintings. Both the gallery on the northern front side and the altar facing it date from the Baroque period.

The north side of the chapel is directly adjacent to a street. Beyond this is the so-called press house , which is partly built into the slope as a barrel-vaulted cellar. Above that, a terrace with a balustrade has been created, which also serves as a forecourt for the three-storey bell tower to the north. Its facade is structured vertically by plaster pilasters with capitals . Clock faces are attached to all four sides of the square tower directly under the curved eaves cornice. The roof structure dates back to the time it was built, the same applies to the richly decorated bell. It bears a dedication inscription from its founder Martin Franz Bärtl, his coat of arms and the year 1735 in Roman numerals .

Farm buildings

Building complex with villa and mill construction of the castle (2007)

To the southwest of the main castle is a building complex that arose from the former castle mill . Martin Franz Bärtl had these restored between 1714 and 1718. His coat of arms hangs on the outside above the north gate of the building complex, which is crowned by a polygonal tower tower. This building was probably only built under Anton Georg Wittmann in the years 1856/1857, which is why it can be assumed that Bärtl's coat of arms was previously attached to another location and was later transferred to its present location. At the same time, the existing building fabric was redesigned and expanded. Wittmann's coat of arms can be found on the courtyard side above the passage of the south gate. Some time later, the buildings on the west side were laid down and replaced by today's villa construction. The year 1871 on its weather vane indicates that the villa was completed that year. The builder would therefore have been Baron Ludwig Josef Haber. The entire complex is a typical example of 19th century romantic historicism.

Castle Park

The landscape garden from the second half of the 19th century has largely been preserved in its main features. His oldest wood collection includes silver poplar , hanging hornbeam, hornbeam , sessile oak , small-leaved lime , copper beech , sycamore , Lawson and juniper . There is also an old giant sequoia in the park that was planted in 1873. The trunk circumference of the approximately 37 meter high tree is 12.30 meters on the ground. A neo-Gothic tower with pointed arched windows and vaults in the northern part of the park collapsed in the 21st century and was demolished in early 2011 for safety reasons. Other park elements such as brick bridges, a water basin and two allegorical figures depicting spring and winter have been preserved.

literature

  • Peter Aichinger-Rosenberger a. a. (Editing): Dehio Handbook. The art monuments of Austria. Lower Austria south of the Danube . Part 1: A – L. Berger, Horn / Wien 2003, ISBN 3-85028-364-X , pp. 1233-1234.
  • Eva Berger: Historic Gardens of Austria. Gardens and parks from the Renaissance to around 1930. Volume 1: Lower Austria, Burgenland. Böhlau, Vienna / Cologne / Weimar 2002, ISBN 3-205-99305-5 , pp. 356–357 ( digitized from De Gruyter (subject to charge)) .
  • Ralf Gröninger: Linsberg Castle near Bad Erlach. Results of a building history study. In: Our new town. Papers of the Wiener Neustädter Monument Protection Association. No. 1–2, 2013, ISSN  0042-0484 , pp. 1–16 ( digitized version ).
  • Felix Halmer: Castles and palaces in the Bucklige Welt, Semmering, Rax area. Birken, Vienna 1969, p. 26 ff.
  • Ernst Katzer: The Thurnhof in Linsberg. In: Our new town. Papers of the Wiener Neustädter Monument Protection Association. Vol. 24, No. 2, 1980 ISSN  0042-0484 , pp. 1-4.

Web links

Commons : Schloss Linsberg  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Österreichisches Bundesdenkmalamt (Hrsg.): Lower Austria - immovable and archaeological monuments under monument protection. Status: January 17, 2018, p. 70 ( PDF ; 2.1 MB).
  2. ^ Ralf Gröninger: Linsberg Castle near Bad Erlach. Results of a building history study. 2013, p. 4.
  3. ↑ a b Ralf Gröninger: Linsberg Castle near Bad Erlach. Results of a building history study. 2013, p. 13.
  4. ^ Ernst Katzer: The Thurnhof in Linsberg. 1980, p. 1.
  5. ^ Ernst Katzer: The Thurnhof in Linsberg. 1980, p. 2.
  6. ↑ Schloss Linsberg in the Austrian Culture Atlas , accessed on October 6, 2018.
  7. ↑ a b Ernst Katzer: The Thurnhof in Linsberg. 1980, p. 3.
  8. ^ Eva Berger: Historical Gardens of Austria. Gardens and parks from the Renaissance to around 1930. Volume 1. 2002, p. 356.
  9. ^ A b c Ralf Gröninger: Linsberg Castle near Bad Erlach. Results of a building history study. 2013, p. 8.
  10. ^ Gerhard Stenzel: From castle to castle in Austria. Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 1976, ISBN 3-218-00288-5 , p. 195.
  11. ↑ a b Ralf Gröninger: Linsberg Castle near Bad Erlach. Results of a building history study. 2013, p. 6.
  12. ↑ a b Ralf Gröninger: Linsberg Castle near Bad Erlach. Results of a building history study. 2013, p. 9.
  13. ^ Ralf Gröninger: Linsberg Castle near Bad Erlach. Results of a building history study. 2013, p. 10.
  14. ^ Ralf Gröninger: Linsberg Castle near Bad Erlach. Results of a building history study. 2013, p. 15.
  15. ^ Ralf Gröninger: Linsberg Castle near Bad Erlach. Results of a building history study. 2013, p. 11.
  16. ↑ Peter Aichinger-Rosenberger u. a. (Berb.): Dehio manual. The art monuments of Austria. Lower Austria south of the Danube. Part 1. 2003, p. 1233.
  17. ^ A b Eva Berger: Historical Gardens of Austria. Gardens and parks from the Renaissance to around 1930. Volume 1. 2002, p. 357.
  18. ↑ a b Sequoia tree register for Austria of the Mammutbaum eV project , accessed on October 6, 2018.
  19. ^ Ralf Gröninger: Linsberg Castle near Bad Erlach. Results of a building history study. 2013, p. 1.

Coordinates: 47 ° 43 ′ 39.6 ″  N , 16 ° 11 ′ 55.9 ″  E