Oberehe Castle

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Oberehe Castle, aerial photo (2015)

Oberehe Castle , locally also called Oberehe Castle , is a former aristocratic seat in the Oberehe district of the Rhineland-Palatinate municipality of Oberehe-Stroheich . The simple country castle emerged from a fortified manor house , which was rebuilt in the early Baroque style at the end of the 17th century , and is a good example of a fortified rural farmyard that was given a new look by its noble owner in the Baroque period. The property is located directly on the federal highway 421 leading through Oberehe and is a listed building . Since 1988 it has also been classified as a cultural asset worthy of protection under the Hague Convention .

history

The origins of the aristocratic residence are still unclear, it was probably founded at the end of the 12th century. In 1333 a "Herr von Ober E" was mentioned in a document as the Burgmann of Gerhard von Blankenheim . His family owned a fortified estate in the Ahbachtal , which came to her husband Wilhelm von Heyer via her great-granddaughter. Other wealthy families in upper marriage were the von Orsbeck and von Kolff families and the von Gymnich family . 1492 belehnte Count Johann von Manderscheid-Blankenheim-Gerolstein Thomas Print by Horchheim called Broel, with "gude and justice zo Overee". When Thomas' grandson Richard von der Broel died in 1643, his two sons-in-law each inherited half of the property. Richard's daughter Maria Elisabeth had married Johann Bertram von Gertzen, Freiherr zu Sinzig , in her second marriage and gave him half of the upper marriage . Her sister Maria Katharina was married to Wilhelm Spies von Büllesheim zu Schweinheim, who therefore inherited the rest of the upper marriage. The Sinziger share came into the possession of the von Pallandt family through marriage in 1673 , half of which went to the widowed Baroness Johanna Lambertina in 1692. They pledged that part to the lord of the castle of Malberg Johann Christoph von Veyder, which also herzoglich Arenbergischer upper office man in Kerpen was. Two years later he also acquired the remaining parts of Oberehe and thus reunited the property in one hand.

Because a building appraisal judged the complex to be in disrepair, von Veyder had large parts of the old property laid down and the current buildings built in the Baroque style from 1696 to 1698. Some farm buildings from 1667 were included in the new building. Baron Ernst von Veyder sold Oberehe Castle to Baron Johann Hugo von Metternich in the 18th century . The castle remained in the possession of his family until the French occupation, when the area around Oberehe was occupied by French revolutionary troops. Oberehe Castle was confiscated and auctioned in nine parts on November 12, 1807. They were all bought at auction by the rich landowner Heinrich Becker from Rockeskyll , who had to pay 6325 francs for the manor house of the castle, including ancillary and farm buildings  . In 1913 his family had a pavilion tower in the garden repaired with funds from the Rheinischer Verein . In 1924 the gate construction was also overhauled. At that time it was used as a youth hostel, having previously served as a hunter's house. In the 1930s, the repair of the wooden gallery , which adjoins the gate building on the courtyard side, followed. The Becker family owned the facility until 1972 and used it for agricultural purposes. In that year it was acquired by the Graf von Preysing family from Lower Bavaria , who repaired and restored the property in the 1980s .

description

East view of the castle from a bird's eye view on a land map from 1789/92

The present-day building stock of the palace complex is still essentially the same as the view on a map from 1789/92. Only the church that can still be seen on it was demolished in 1900/1901. The 85 meter long and 40 to 50 meter wide castle complex with an almost trapezoidal floor plan is surrounded all around by a circular wall.

The focal point is a simple mansion with a slate-roofed half -hip roof . The three-story building rises on a rectangular floor plan and has quarry stone masonry that is plastered . Its long sides are divided into six axes by rectangular windows framed in red sandstone . The central, two-winged entrance portal is flanked by columns and is crowned by a segmented arch gable. In the middle is a skylight that replaces a coat of arms of the von Veyder family that was destroyed by French revolutionary troops. Above the gable is an inscription plaque that identifies Johann Christoph von Veyder as the owner of the building. Wall anchors in the form of the year 1696 date it to that year. Old stucco ceilings have been preserved in the living rooms on the ground floor . There is a very large kitchen in the south. A wide stone staircase leads from the ground floor to the upper floors.

On the east side of the manor house are the remains of what was once a three-tier terrace garden from the Baroque period. At the northeast corner of its surrounding wall is a hexagonal, tower-like garden pavilion with a slate-covered Welsch hood and lantern . Inside it has a clear width of two meters and is equipped with a stucco ceiling. Today the pavilion has been transformed into a small chapel dedicated to St. John.

Access to the property is provided by a large gate on the west side, which, in contrast to the manor house, is not kept simple. Its design inherits the motif of the double tower gates, as they often appeared in the Rhineland and the Eifel . The wide gateway is framed by pilasters that support a flat segmented arch gable. The coat of arms of Johann Christoph von Veyders can be found in the gable. There are square towers with smooth corner pilasters on both sides of the gateway . Their octagonal hoods end in onion-shaped roof attachments. To the rock side of the gate construction has six ground floor loopholes that were due to their shape but very limited use. They were more likely to serve as a symbol of power than to be of practical use. On the courtyard side there is a niche with a statue of the Madonna above the gate passage . Together with the two flanking windows, it is crowned by a triangular gable with ox-eye . At its northeast corner, the gate is joined by a half-timbered building from the 19th century. Its wooden gallery gives access to the upper floors of the gatehouse . At the same time, it functioned as a connecting wing to the L-shaped farm yard on the north side of the property.

literature

  • Bernhard Gondorf: The castles of the Eifel and their peripheral areas. A lexicon of the "permanent houses" . J. P. Bachem, Cologne 1984, ISBN 3-7616-0723-7 , p. 140-141 .
  • Hirschfeld, Heusgen: Oberehe (district Daun). In: Messages of the Rhenish Association for the Preservation of Monuments and Heritage Protection. No. 3/4, 1910, pp. 227-230.
  • Stella Junker-Mielke (ed.): "Matt before bliss". Fabulous gardens in the Middle Rhine region. 1st edition. CappidiCapua, Ramsen 2011, ISBN 978-3-9800158-6-8 , pp. 180-181.
  • Michael Losse: Theiss Castle Guide. High Eifel and Ahr Valley. Theiss, Stuttgart 2003, ISBN 3-8062-1775-0 , pp. 110-111.
  • Michael Losse : Castles and palaces, noble residences and fortifications in the Vulkaneifel. Michael Imhof, Petersberg 2012, ISBN 978-3-86568-399-1 .
  • Michael Losse: Castles and palaces in the Eifel. Regionalia, Rheinbach 2013, ISBN 978-3-939722-44-1 , pp. 171-174.
  • Alois Mayer: A “Sleeping Beauty” is saved. Upper marriage and its castle. In: District Vulkaneifel. Heimatjahrbuch 2013. Kreisverwaltung, Daun 2013, ISSN  0720-6976 , pp. 119–124 ( online ).
  • Manfred Simon: Cultural assets in the Daun district. District administration Daun, Daun 1993.
  • Ernst Wackenroder (Ed.): The art monuments of the Daun district (= The art monuments of the Rhine Province. Volume 12, Section 3). L. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1928, pp. 196-199.

Web links

Commons : Schloss Oberehe  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hanns Ott: Rhenish water castles. History, forms, functions. Weidlich, Würzburg 1984, ISBN 3-8035-1239-5 , p. 258.
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h A. Mayer: A "Sleeping Beauty" is saved. Upper marriage and its castle. 2013, p. 119 ff ( online ).
  3. ↑ a b M. Losse: Castles and palaces, noble residences and fortifications in the Vulkaneifel. 2012, p. 139.
  4. ↑ E. Wackenroder: The art monuments of the Daun district. 1928, p. 197.
  5. ↑ M. Losse: Castles and palaces, noble houses and fortifications in the Vulkaneifel. 2012, p. 140.
  6. ↑ a b E. Wackenroder: The art monuments of the Daun district. 1928, p. 198.
  7. ↑ Hirschfeld, Heusgen: Oberehe (Daun district). 1910, p. 229.
  8. ↑ Hirschfeld, Heusgen: Oberehe (Daun district). 1910, p. 230.
  9. ↑ E. Wackenroder: The art monuments of the Daun district. 1928, p. 199.
  10. ↑ a b M. Losse: Castles and palaces, noble residences and fortifications in the Vulkaneifel. 2012, p. 141.

Coordinates: 50 ° 16 ′ 43.9 ″  N , 6 ° 46 ′ 17.3 ″  E