St. Salvator Cathedral
The St. Salvator's Cathedral in the Belgian city of Bruges is the Episcopal Church of the Roman Catholic diocese of Bruges since its re-establishment in 1834. Previously, she was the parish - and Kollegiatstiftskirche . From its centuries Baugeschichte this structure comprises the Flemish brick Gothic forms of Scheldt Gothic style , the high gothic ( Brabant Gothic ), but also the Neugotik and romanesque .
As St. Salvator Cathedral ( "sparked Heilandskirche ") during the French Revolution interrupted St. Donatian's Cathedral of the first diocese Bruges from (1559-1801). From her she received the relics and the secondary patronage of St. Donatian of Reims .
The Salvator Cathedral is a predominantly yellow brick built Gothic three-aisled basilica with a narrow transept in the middle between the four long house - and the four choir - Jochen . The apse is surrounded by an ambulatory and a wreath of five chapels.
The cathedral is currently being renovated inside, following an exterior renovation. The rear part is divided up for work, the front part is available for services and events.
Building history
Only the foundations of the west tower (1116–1127) and its basement (around 1200) remained of the previous Romanesque building. Around 1280, inspired by the new choir of the cathedral in Tournai, which was built from 1242 to 1255, a new building in the form of the Scheldt Gothic , but mainly made of brick , and however much lighter than the St. Jans Hospital and the Cloth Hall under the Belfry, began . The transept and the first three yokes of the choir still belong to the 13th century, the nave followed at the beginning of the 14th, but it was not until 1480 that the polygonal choir head was built in the 5/10 end with the ambulatory. His chapels wreath, particularly noticeable on the exterior with five striking conical roofs, was completed by 1527. At first, as in many churches in Flanders, the church interior was covered with wooden barrel vaults. In the nave they were replaced by masonry ribbed vaults around 1635 , and in the choir not until 1738/1739. Despite this eventful history, interrupted by several fires, the interior offers a surprisingly uniform and clear appearance. After the Salvatorkirche had replaced that of St. Donatian as a bishop's church in 1834, the tower structure was renewed in a neo-Romanesque style in 1844–1846 and it was not until 1877 that the turret landscape, also in neo-Romanesque forms, emerged at its top.
Equipment (selection)
The furnishings were renewed in the Baroque style in the 17th century - the high altar 1638–1642 - after the old furnishings were completely destroyed during a Calvinist interlude (1580–1584) during the Eighty Years' War . The church owns numerous paintings, the most important of which have been moved to the attached museum. The wall paintings are from 1875 and the stained glass windows are from the late 19th century. In 1478, 24 brass coats of arms of the Knights of the Golden Fleece were placed over the choir stalls from the 15th century, on the occasion of the 13th assembly of this order, which was founded in Bruges in 1430 and united the most distinguished Burgundian nobles. In the area above there are eight tapestries after boxes by Jan van Orley , executed in Brussels in 1731. The 1682 completed sculptures on the simultaneous plutei that were 1935 displaced from its original position between choir and nave to the organ gallery belong to the main works of Artus Quellinus II. The Flemish Baroque sculptor shows in the moving shape God father its expressive gesture and the rushing The folds clearly show the influence of Bernini , whose works Quellinus had learned about in Rome in 1674. The remarkable brass lattice gate underneath was created in 1726 by a silversmith from Antwerp. The carved picture decorations on the organ front come from the time the instrument was created (1717–1719), you can see King David playing the harle and St. Cecilia with her portative , and a directing angel in the central crown.
museum
Numerous other pieces of equipment were brought into the museum of the cathedral: shrines, reliquaries and other goldsmith work from the church treasury, vestments, sculptures, etc. a. Among the paintings should be emphasized: Calvary from the altar of the tanners' guild, around 1390; Dirk Bouts : Martyrdom of St. Hippolytus, around 1475. Hugo van der Goes painted the left wing of the altar with a picture of the donor ; Pieter Pourbus : Lamb of God, 1559.
organ
During a renovation, the two organs ( Jacob van Eynde , 1717–1719) were merged into one work by the Klais company and two pedal towers were added. The instrument has 60 registers on four manuals and a pedal .
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- Coupling: I / II, III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P; II / II I / II, III / II, III / III as sub-octave coupling.
Individual evidence
literature
- Detlev Arens: Flandern , Cologne 2010, pp. 71–74
- Guide Bleu, Belgique-Luxembourg, 1963, pp. 347-349
See also
Web links
- current website of the cathedral , accessed on July 12, 2013.
- Internet presence of the cathedral with virtual tour and timetable (Dutch; the other language versions are without content (23 March 2012) )
- Flemish Monument Database Inventoryis Onroerend Erfgoed (Immovable Heritage): No. 29716 - Sint-Salvatorskathedraal
Coordinates: 51 ° 12 ′ 20 " N , 3 ° 13 ′ 17.9" E