St. Moritz (Allitz)

South view of St. Moritz, next to one of the houses of the church yards in Allitz

The small church of St. Moritz (also St. Moritz Allitz , or St. Moritz in churchyards to Allitz ) is the fraction Allitz in Laas ( South Tyrol ) on the slopes of the Sonnenberg . The road from Laas to Tanas leads directly past the chapel . The two listed church yards adjoin to the west.

history

Was first mentioned in the building in 1334 in the first Urbar the Coming Schlanders , the duties of the sexton St. to " Mauritian ”. If necessary, he should make horses available to the pastor of Schlanders and his journeymen (the cooperators were called “journeyman priests ”) and serve them “honestly”. In return, his annual interest rate was reduced by 3 mutt to 12 mutt rye .

In 1370, the bishop of Brixen , with a power of attorney from the dukes Albrecht III. and Leopold III. endowed by Austria, the Bishop of Chur a new chaplain for the vacant position in St. Moritz, since the previous pastor Gottschalk Lauri, provost of Brixen (praepositus major ecclesiae Brixinensis) , had died. It was Wilhelm von Zwingenstein (or Twingenstein). From the 12th to the 14th century it was customary for the bishops , monasteries , collegiate monasteries and hospitals to confiscate churches and parishes that had become vacant in order to then appoint their own parish vicars and chaplains.

In 1397 Wilhelm von Zwingenstein is said to have donated the St. Moritz Church to the parish of Laas. Because of its location, it has long been referred to as belonging to Laas, but was until recently a branch church of Schlanders. A document from 1509 says:

“Blasius primus vicarius zu Rodeneck as the mighty chaplain of the St. Moritz Chapel with s. Gesellschaft gives the Hannsen Uolln on behalf of s. Son Silvester and his wife Christina run the farm at Unterstein and the associated tithing from the farms at Trög, Platzlfair, Strimm Kirch and Pöder, for this the recipients have to illuminate the chapel day and night, as they have come from of old, they also have a mess , every month with a mass, as well as on the days of the Kirchweih, Kirchtag, etc. Cartridge u. The priest should therefore do enough with food, drink and wages, and they should also be given to him, the lender, because the chapel is there, annually on Georgian Day 8 on the Rhine. Guilders are enough towards Bozen to Leonhard Hartmayr, citizens of that answer. "

A contemporary testimony to the condition of the chapel is the visitation protocol of the Bishop of Chur from 1638, which is kept in the Marienberg Abbey . It found its way there through the abbot (1653 to 1663) Ferdinand Wenzel, who was the bishop's clerk at the time.

“It is a small, ancient chapel in honor of St. Moritz. Church day on the feast of St. Moritz. Consecration on the feast of St. Oswald, others say on the festival Maria Schnee . The ceiling is paneled with wood. The only altar in the very small, vaulted choir was found naked, without altar cloths. The sepulchrum is difficult to see, when you tap you hear something hollow at this point, so you assume it is there. Also a small altarpiece , and gilded in the old way, in the middle the Mother of God, St. Mauritius and St. Oswald. A red damask flag. Just a goblet. Three chasubles of little value. An unclean corporale . One palla , two velum . Two old choir skirts, three purificatories, a Roman missal , 2 measuring jugs and two bells. The box for the vestments is next to the altar and next to the entrance is a small wooden box.
The chapel is said to be in the churchyard. The court clerk (Archigrammaticus) Froschauer von Schlanders is obliged to maintain the chapel. The pastor of Schlanders is asked to read 12 masses. To the Teutsches Haus you give 18 Star and something in gilt. Von ainer Mess ain Gulden in dubio. A light is lit every Saturday and on the vigils of the feast days. Schmalz partly from taxes, partly from donations. The royalties extend to 100 star grain. The 3 Treghöf give an indefinite amount of lard. On the Tuesday of praying week the people of Silandro come with a procession. "

(The way from Schlanders to St. Moritz was 1 ½ hours on foot)

As the visitation protocol also shows, the Froschauer family from Schmalzhof in Vetzan was responsible for maintaining the church at this point . Like the owners of the Unterstainhof before, to whom the church had been entrusted in 1509, they had probably been awarded a share of the church interest or the position of court clerk. The dilapidated condition of the chapel prompted the visiting bishop to say: sed male. Nudum altare sine tobalibus inventum .

That seems to have had a long-term effect - in 1670 Johann Sebastian Froschauer donated a new altar.

St. Moritz near the church yards in Allitz, north side

Building

The way the chapel looks today, it dates from the second half of the 17th century. The rather simple building consists of a polygonal choir with a polygonal choir closure and a wooden pointed roof turret . At that time, the flat wooden ceiling was also replaced by a barrel vault with stitch caps. The tower is clad with clapboards and has two bells . The larger one was cast by Colbaccini in Trento in 1925 , the smaller one dates from 1762 and bears the inscription:

"GEORG SEBASTIAN GERSTNER IN BOLZANO CASTED ME WITH GOTES HELP"

It is also adorned with various figures of saints, coats of arms and other decorations. The name of Abbot Beda Hillebrand from the Marienberg Monastery also appears on the bell, which means that it is very likely that he was the founder.

The narrow side of the church stands on the west side directly on one of the houses in the church yards. The entrance door is in the south wall, as are the two pointed arch windows. The baroque altar in the black and gold version prevalent in the 16th century shows a picture of Mary with the baby Jesus between the patrons Moritz and Oswald, the coat of arms of the Froschauer family and the inscription:

"To praise God the Almighty Even the most sellable junior women and mothers of God Maria as well as those HH Moritz and Oswaldt honored the noble Streng Mr. Johan Sebastian Froschauer from and to the Schmaltznhoffen Dißen alttar of new things and meals in the year 1670"

The altar is surrounded by the statues of John the Baptist in fur and St. Katharina flanked with the broken wheel. About it St. Anthony of Padua and St. Martin with the goose . The oldest piece is a sculpture of St. Moritz, which can be dated to the 14th century. He is not dressed as a soldier and therefore not easily recognizable, the position of the hands suggests that at some point they held the shield and flag. He wears a plumed hat from a later time that doesn't want to fit the figure. At the top of the altar there are two chandelier angels that date from around 1670.

Of the two paintings on the north side, the one with Christ, Maria, St. Moritz and Petrus was donated by Balthausser Brunner and Anna Khircherin in 1661. Without the exact date of the foundation, but also to be assigned to the 17th century, there is a second picture on the north wall depicting Mary and St. Moritz and Martin shows. During the restoration in 1984/1985, frescoes from around 1600 were uncovered on the west wall showing scenes of the Passion. Here you can also see that the vaulted ceiling was drawn in later, as the upper part of the paintings disappears under the vault. During the restoration, the baroque exterior plaster was removed in an amateurish manner. Then the outer walls had to be provided with lime mortar. The roof received a new clapboard covering.

Footnotes

1. ↑ Reliquary grave (sepulchrum) in the altar
2. ↑ refers to the poor condition and the missing altar cloth

literature

• Gertraud Laimer Tappeiner: Churches of Laas, Eyrs, Tschengls and Tanas. Ed. Pfarre Laas, Verlag Tappeiner, Lana 2011, p. 101.

Web links

Commons : St. Moritz  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Entry in the monument browser on the website of the South Tyrolean Monuments Office

Coordinates: 46 ° 38 ′ 7.6 "  N , 10 ° 42 ′ 41.9"  E