St. Theresia (Munich)
St. Theresa is a Roman Catholic parish and monastery church of the Discalced Carmelites in the Munich district of Neuhausen-Nymphenburg . It was built in the neo-baroque style between 1922 and 1924 based on designs by the architect Franz Xaver Boemmel .
Building history
The construction of the church goes back to the initiative of the Carmelites, who have been reestablishing a religious establishment in Munich since 1921. Since the buildings of the old Carmelite monastery in the old town were either destroyed or given a new use after the secularization in 1802, the brothers were assigned the current location of the church for settlement (today Dom-Pedro-Strasse 39-41). In 1922, construction work began on the monastery buildings under the direction of master builder Jung based on plans by Franz Xaver Boemmels. The foundation stone of the church was laid on October 22nd, 1922, the final consecration was carried out by the Archbishop of Munich and Cardinal Faulhaber of Freising on December 14th, 1924; the completion of the equipment , however, took until 1935. On the occasion of the 300th anniversary of her canonization, the church received the patronage of the Carmelite Theresa or Teresa of Ávila . On January 1st of the same year, the archdiocese established the current parish, the pastoral care of which had been entrusted to the Carmelites after long negotiations with the order's leadership in Rome .
architecture
Dimensions
- External height of the nave: 31 m
- Inner length of the nave: 38 m
- Inner width of the nave: 18 m (with off-sides: 24 m)
- Clear interior height of the nave: 21 m
- Tower height: 62 m
Location and exterior
The church is in an exposed location on Landshuter Allee and had to be facing south for urban planning reasons. The tall, narrow cubature of the nave with its high-lying windows and the low ancillary rooms that wrap around the choir in the manner of a gallery give the building a basilica appearance. The north facade is set back behind the line of Dom-Pedro-Straße, which increases its representative effect. It is divided into three vertical axes by flat wall pilasters and into three horizontal floors by cantilevered cornices . The central axis swings forward through concave wall sections and contains the main portal and the large north window with a crowning segment gable . Above it rises a richly profiled volute gable , which contains the coat of arms of the Carmelite Order in relief . The nave walls and the drawn-in choir , which is closed in five octagonal sides, are enriched by simple wall pilasters, cornices and decorative stucco window frames . The upper storey of the bell tower on the north side of the choir, on the other hand, has rich Corinthian corner pilasters and a strong cornice structure; The conclusion is a laced onion dome with bevelled corners over volute approaches and a crowning lantern .
Interior
The interior of the nave of the Theresienkirche presents itself as a spacious hall . The side walls have a two-part basilica structure made up of an arcade and an upper arcade zone ; flat Corinthian wall pilasters divide the nave into six bays , the northern part being completely taken up by the organ gallery with curved parapet, which rests on two Tuscan columns. The entrance halls of the side portals are located under the gallery on both sides. The pilasters radiate belt arches in the nave above the circumferential, cranked beams . These stretch a basket-arched needle cap barrel in Rabitz construction , which is provided with colored frame stucco. The interior design is based on the scheme of the basilica and the pilaster church that was widespread among the Carmelites . However, the arcades of the nave of St. Theresa only open into off-side chapels that are walled off against each other.
The transition to the choir is formed by a short antechamber yoke with rounded south corners. The choir arch is characterized by wide bundles of pilasters, a stucco frame with volute attachments on both sides and a crowning cartouche with the coat of arms of the Carmelite Order. The structure of the nave continues in the retired, retired choir . Since the choir is surrounded by low annexes, the exposure takes place exclusively through longitudinally oval oculi in the apse dome .
Furnishing
The almost completely preserved interior design differs from the architecture, which is closely based on the original baroque models, in that the decorative forms are more freely used, which reveal the influences of Art Nouveau . This is particularly true of the high altar with flanking chandelier angels by Georg Schreiner (1926), which impresses with its block-like structure. Above the tabernacle , the retable contains a high relief with St. Theresa in the center, accompanied on both sides by angels with symbols that refer to the vita of the church patroness. The two side altars (1927) in the vestibule yoke are richly carved, pillarless structures with large-format paintings by Martin von Feuerstein .
organ
The organ was built in 1976 by the organ builder Wilhelm Stöberl . The prospectus and some stops are from the previous organ that Willibald Siemann built in 1924. The instrument has 42 registers on three manuals and pedal and the French-romantic scheduled . The action mechanism and the couplings are mechanical, the stop actions are electrical. The pedal register 32 'is an acoustic register. The instrument has a console , which was built based on the console of the organ builder Aristide Cavaillé-Coll .
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- annotation
- (S) = original register by Willibald Siemann (1924)
Bells
There are five bronze bells in the tower . Four of them come from the Johann Hahn bell foundry in Landshut, including the smallest bell of the peal, which was the only part of the first peal from 1924. The original Salve Regina motif has been restored with a bell from the Rudolf Perner bell foundry in Passau .
| No. | Surname | Casting year | Caster | Mass (kg) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1948 | Bell foundry Johann Hahn | of the 1st | ||
| 2 | 1977 | Bell foundry Rudolf Perner | it 1 | ||
| 3 | 1948 | Bell foundry Johann Hahn | f 1 | ||
| 4th | 1948 | Bell foundry Johann Hahn | as 1 | ||
| 5 | 1923 | Bell foundry Johann Hahn | b 1 |
literature
- Paulinus Schöning: St. Theresa Monastery and Church in Munich , self-published, Munich, undated
Individual evidence
- ↑ Information about the organ ( Memento from March 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
Web links
- Official website of the parish of St. Theresa
- Bell of the parish and order church St. Theresia Munich
Coordinates: 48 ° 9 '32.8 " N , 11 ° 32' 16.8" E