Griesheim barrage

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Griesheim barrage
Griesheim barrage 1080347.jpg
location
Barrage Griesheim (districts of Frankfurt am Main)
Griesheim barrage
Coordinates 50 ° 5 '20 "  N , 8 ° 35' 57"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 5 '20 "  N , 8 ° 35' 57"  E
country GermanyGermany Germany
HesseHesse Hesse
place Frankfurt-Griesheim
Frankfurt-Schwanheim
Waters Main
Kilometers of water km 28.69
f1
power plant
construction time 1929-1932
technology
Bottleneck performance 4.9 megawatts
Expansion flow 210 m³ / s
Standard work capacity 35 million kWh / year
Turbines 3 Kaplan turbines
Others

The barrage Griesheim in the city of Frankfurt on Main km 28.69 is a barrage with sluice . The facility is located between Griesheim and Goldstein . The Main has an average water flow of 200 m³ / s, which can increase more than tenfold in a hundred-year flood . The bank areas and the lock island around the barrage have been part of the European bird sanctuary DE5916402 Untermainschleusen since 2003 .

technology

The Griesheim barrage is a roller weir with a weir width of three times 40 meters and a drop height of 4.49 meters with normal damming. The barrage is equipped with a fish ladder.

power plant

The hydropower of the Main is used at the Griesheim barrage by three four-bladed Kaplan turbines to generate electricity in a run-of-river power plant. The flow rate of each turbine is a maximum of 70 cubic meters per second, so the expansion water volume is 210 cubic meters per second. It is designed for an output of 4,900 kilowatts , which is used to cover the base load . The systems in the generator house on the Schwanheim side of the lock can feed around 35,000 megawatt hours into the grid every year. The control room of the power plant also controls the turbines and generators of the barrage in Eddersheim.

Lock and water navigation

Control tower and lock chamber

The Main is classified in the European waterway class Vb and is navigable for ships or push convoys with a length of 185 meters and a width of 11.45 meters. The fairway is at least 2.90 meters deep all year round.

The barrage has two lock chambers and a boat lock:

  • the southern chamber with a usable length of 344.38 meters and a usable width of 15.04 meters. The water throughput per lock is 23,700 m³;
  • the north chamber is 344.05 meters long and 12.02 meters wide. The water throughput is 18,800 m³ per lock here;
  • the boat lock is 21.93 meters long and 3.50 meters wide.

In front of the lock chambers there is an upper and lower channel a good 500 meters long, in which ships can wait for the lock. The system, through which around 60 ships pass every day, has been remote-controlled via the Kostheim control center since August 19, 2012 and is in operation around the clock.

web

Pedestrians and cyclists (pushing) can cross the barrage on a three meter wide footbridge that spans the Main halfway up the weir piers. This footbridge is partially covered with gratings, which can be problematic for people with a fear of heights . On the other hand, this crossing offers many commuters between the districts of Griesheim and Schwanheim a quick and comfortable route to the industrial park Griesheim .

history

Lock chamber and lower antechamber

The lower reaches of the Main between its mouth and Frankfurt was canalized from 1882 to 1885 . In Mainz-Kostheim , Flörsheim , Okriftel , Höchst and Niederrad , five needle weirs with simple lock chambers were built in order to raise the mean waterway depth to 2.20 meters. In the 1920s, they could no longer cope with the increased volume of traffic on the Main. Therefore from 1927 the needle weirs were replaced by three more powerful roller weirs in Kostheim, Eddersheim and Griesheim with larger lock systems.

The Griesheim barrage was built between 1929 and 1932 in the cubic forms of the Bauhaus style ; it was inaugurated in September 1932. From the beginning, it was equipped with the most modern technology for the time. An electric lighting system enabled night operation if required, and all lock gates were electrically powered. The power plant built into the barrage provided around 25 megawatt hours of electricity annually, which was fed into the Frankfurt network. On the Schwanheim side, a house was also built for the lock staff.

In the last days of the war in 1945 the barrage was blown up by pioneers of the Wehrmacht and completely rebuilt in 1949/50. In 1967, 1984 and 2006, renovation and repair work beyond the regular maintenance work was carried out on the barrage.

literature

  • Wolfram Gorr: Frankfurt bridges. Locks, ferries, tunnels and bridges of the Main. Frankfurter Societät, Frankfurt am Main 1982, ISBN 3-7973-0393-9

Web links

Commons : Barrage Griesheim  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. DE5916402 Untermainschleusen.  (EU bird sanctuary) Profiles of the Natura 2000 areas. Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation . Retrieved April 25, 2020.
  2. Eddersheim and Griesheim hydropower plants. Federal Waterways and Shipping Administration , accessed on December 25, 2015 .