Neukloster Abbey

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Neukloster Abbey
Cloister of the monastery
Cloister of the monastery
location AustriaAustria Austria
Lies in the diocese Vienna
Coordinates: 47 ° 48 '43 "  N , 16 ° 14' 49"  E Coordinates: 47 ° 48 '43 "  N , 16 ° 14' 49"  E
Serial number
according to Janauschek
723
founding year 1444
Year of dissolution /
annulment
1880 (conversion to a dependent priory)
Mother monastery Rein pen
Primary Abbey Morimond Monastery
Congregation Austrian Cistercian Congregation
Renaissance portal of the Neukloster Abbey
Interior of the Neuklosterkirche

The Neukloster Abbey was a Cistercian abbey in Wiener Neustadt and today belongs to the Heiligenkreuz Abbey as a priory (Latin Prioratus simplex ad Sanctissimam Trinitatem ) . Prior has been Michael Weiss since 2019.

overview

The Cistercian Abbey of the Most Holy Trinity in Wiener Neustadt, or Neukloster for short , is one of the youngest medieval monasteries to be founded in Austria . From King Friedrich III. (from 1452 Kaiser Friedrich III.) Founded in 1444, its history extends into the second half of the 19th century; In 1881 the new monastery gave up its independence and united "for ever and ever" with the Cistercian monastery Heiligenkreuz in Lower Austria .

history

Contrary to the Cistercian custom of building monasteries only in remote areas, an exception was made for King Friedrich. Friedrich managed to free the Dominican monastery next to his residence (founded in 1227 by Leopold VI. ) For monks from the Rein monastery . Because it was a renewal of the previous Dominican monastery, the new Cistercian monastery is said to have been called Neukloster . The first abbot was the Maulbronn cellar, Gottfried von Otterstätt , in 1446 .

Friedrich was resourceful when it came to the endowment of the monastery: The Rohr fortress near Wildon was confiscated as rebel property and donated to the new monastery. The previous owner was part of Albrecht VI. probably killed. An annual payment of 300 pounds pfennigs from the parish of St. Peter in Laibach to the new monastery was also determined.

In 1446 a large carved altar was set up in the collegiate church , which is now the Neustädter Altar in Vienna 's St. Stephen's Cathedral .

In 1467, Eleonore Helena of Portugal , the wife of Emperor Frederick, was buried in the apse of the collegiate church. Three of the imperial couple's children are also buried there. The new monastery is also the burial place of the West Hungarian noble family of the Counts of Mattersdorf-Forchtenstein, who came from Aragon ( Spain ) .

From 1797 to October 1803 the monastery served as the residence of the governor of Lombardy , Archduke Ferdinand Karl of Austria-Este , his wife Maria Beatrice d'Este and their children, who had been expelled during the coalition wars .

The Josephine reforms made the monastery difficult, but it was not canceled. In 1784 the church was rededicated as the second Wiener Neustädter parish and in 1804 a collegiate high school was opened, which in 1871 became state administration.

1793 was the Requiem of Mozart listed in the Collegiate Church, and for the first time in its original purpose: as a requiem for the late wife of Count Walsegg .

For centuries the monastery suffered from a weak financial base; The economic problem was the reason that in 1880/81 the new monastery was merged with the Heiligenkreuz Abbey, about 30 km away, as a unio extinctiva ; the convent died out, the buildings remained as the Heiligenkreuz priory.

In May 2017 the Chamber of Art and Curiosities was opened in the Neukloster Abbey, a collection of around 4,700 art objects. At the beginning of 2018, renovation work for the Lower Austrian Provincial Exhibition 2019 began, with 2.5 million euros earmarked for this by autumn 2018. Among other things, barrier-free access to the church is to be built, as well as a footpath from the monastery garden to the military academy and a “room-in-room” solution made of glass for visiting the library. In addition, the east facade is to be renovated and the cross chapel and the baroque refectory restored.

Abbots of the Neukloster Abbey

  • Heinrich I. Sternberger (1444–1445)
  • Godfried von Otterstet (1446–1460)
  • George I (1460)
  • John I (1460–1482)
  • Andreas I (1483–1487)
  • Peter I (1488-1489)
  • Martin I. (1490-1505)
  • Johann II. Lindenlaub (1506–1514, then abbot of Rein Abbey until 1529)
  • Michael (1515-1524))
  • Gregory (1525-1538)
  • John III (1538–1540)
  • Konrad Faber (1540-1545)
  • Matthias I (11548–1551)
  • Gebhard Georg (1551, resignation)
  • Sebastian Gstaltner (1551–1552)
  • Bartholomäus von Grudenek (1552–1559)
  • John IV (1559–1566)
  • Christoph Dec (1568–1586)
  • Lorenz Laimbrod (11586–1590)
  • George II Gorian (1593–1598)
  • Matthias II. Gülger (1600–1605, then abbot at Rein Abbey )
  • Balthasar Fabrizius (1606–1618, then abbot of Neuberg Abbey )
  • Ignaz Krafft (1618–1622, then abbot in Lilienfeld Abbey
  • Johann Jakob Pettard (1622–1640, resigned)
  • Bernhard Breil (1640–1649, then abbot at Baumgartenberg Abbey )
  • Robert I. Notius (1649–1663)
  • Mathäus Eisenbart (1663–1683)
  • Alexander Standhartner (1683–1707)
  • Robert II Lang (1707-1728)
  • Raimund Jungwirth (1728–1729)
  • Benedikt Hell (1729–1746)
  • Joseph Stübicher (1746–1775)
  • Alberich Stingel (1775–1801)
  • Anton Michael Wohlfarth (1801–1836)
  • Anton II. Bilimek (1836–1839)
  • Bernhard Schwindel (1839-1856)
  • Benedikt Steiger (1857–1880, resignation)

Former collegiate parishes

literature

  • Pirmin August Lindner: New monastery in Wiener-Neustadt , in: Monasticon Metropolis Salzburgensis antiquae. Supplementum (Bregenz 1913), pp. 25-27.
  • Heinrich Mayer: For everlasting times: The union of the Neukloster Abbey in Wiener Neustadt with the Heiligenkreuz Abbey in 1881 . Heiligenkreuz-Vienna 1966.
  • Heinrich Mayer: Literature for the history of the new monastery , in: Sancta Crux 55 (1994), pp. 65–75.
  • Walpurga Oppeker: Summary of the baroque building history of the Neukloster in Wiener Neustadt. In: Our home. Issue 76, 2005, p. 122ff. with correction in our home. Issue 77, 2005, anthology 2006, p. 108ff.
  • Benedikt Kluge, The new monastery in Wiener-Neustadt, in: Sebastian Brunner (Ed.), Ein Cistercienserbuch. Woerl, Vienna 1881 / Salzwasser, Paderborn 2013, pp. 220–279.

Web links, sources

Commons : Stift Neukloster  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Gertrud Gerhartl: Wiener Neustadt. History, art, culture, economy. Braumüller 1993, ISBN 3-7003-1032-3 , p. 361
  2. Gerhartl: Wiener Neustadt , p. 355 with further references
  3. orf.at: Wunderkammer opened in Wiener Neustadt . Article dated May 6, 2017, accessed May 6, 2017.
  4. orf.at: Neukloster is gearing up for state exhibition . Article dated March 6, 2018, accessed March 6, 2018.
  5. http://www.zisterzienserlexikon.de/wiki/Schwindel,_Bernhard
  6. http://www.zisterzienserlexikon.de/wiki/Steiger,_Benedikt