straw hat

A classic straw hat

A straw hat is a head covering made of straw or other materials known as straw, which is mainly used for sun protection .

The production is mostly done as a straw weaving , a straw hat is usually braided , but it can also be composed of so-called mottlets , several meters long braids made of straw (or other material). A special variant made of straws sewn together is also possible (straw hat, Chevalier hat, Yeddo). With this technique, it is possible to use more fragile types of straw. In the past, production was mostly done at home .

General

The straw hat is perhaps one of the oldest headgear in use in Africa, Asia and Europe, the shape of which has also hardly changed over the centuries. He formed the traditional headgear of the Saxons in the 10th century.

Fredy Budzinski , German journalist and cyclist and John Stol , Dutch cyclist (right) with the typical "circular saw"

Portrait shot with straw hat in the photo studio in Győr (around 1900)

A men's fashion that emerged in the 1920s was the small, round Florentine straw hat, which was also known as a circular saw because of its circular shape and jagged edge . Because of its origin of the sailors, he was also in the English room Boater , French Canotier or Matelote called. It belonged to the complete Sunday outfit of the perfect gentleman as well as to the accessories for balls and dance events. It is a headgear often used to this day for American barbershop ensembles. This straw hat is not to be confused with the Florentine hat for women, a flat, wide-brimmed hat that was popular as a summer hat in the mid-19th century.

Lindenberg im Allgäu was the center of the German straw hat industry until 1945; in 1913 the annual production there was over 5 million.

In Twistringen in Lower Saxony , southwest of Bremen , there was a flourishing straw hat industry up to the beginning of the 20th century, remnants of which still exist today. The local straw processing museum documents the history and development of this industry from its beginnings to the present day. There you can also marvel at the largest straw hat in the world, which entered the Guinness Book of Records with a diameter of around 5.5 meters ; it is a circular saw hat, magnified twenty times.

In Panama the pintao is worn as a traditional straw hat.

used material

Frequently used types of straw are:

• Toquilla straw : ( Panama hat )
• Wheat straw : (known varieties are Milanstroh, Tuscan, Leghorn)
• Buntal straw : also Parabuntal from the Buri palm from the Philippines , is made from the stems of the unopened leaves.
• Baku straw : this is made from the young stalks of the Talipot palm , mostly from Malabar and Sri Lanka .
• Shantung straw : which is made from high-performance paper, originally it was made from Buntal.
• Toyo straw : is made from Japanese paper coated with cellophane .
• Bangora straw : is made from cheap Japanese paper.
• different paper braids : made of viscose (Swiss Paglina straw) or z. B. made of waxed "Silkpaper" strips (not to be confused with tissue paper ) and rice paper .
• Raffia :
• Sisal : also Parasisal (2x2 woven)
• Ramie : is rarely used on its own, mostlymixedwith various man-made fibers to improve the properties.
• Jute :
• Seagrass : (Xian)
• Visca : an artificial straw made of viscose.
• Rushstraw : is made from rushes (English rush grass, sedges, bulrush) ( Juncus effesus , Juncus polycephalus ) and sedge grasses (English bulrush, sedge grass), common pond rush , cornices , real papyrus and cattail Typha domingensis , (syn .: Th. angustata ) (engl. bulrush or cattail) and from reeds (English. Common Reed) made.
• Abacá : (Sinamayhut)
• Hemp fibers :
• Artificial straw : is made from polypropylene PP, polyethylene PE and various mixtures of PP, PE, acrylic , polyester , polyamides (nylon), ramie and paper.
• Other straw fibers, which are mostly used in Asian cone hats , are made from different types of palm ( crested palms , rattan , hemp palms , date palms ), from grass types Arundinaria (English cane), bamboo or from rice straw (Kasahut).
• Chip Straw : was obtained from various types of pine , black poplar (Lombard poplar) or from silver willow . Historically it was used quite a lot, nowadays it is practically not used anymore.

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  A Japanese monk's straw hat

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  Vietnamese cone hat (Non La)

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  Traditional straw hat from Ukraine

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  Gardener's hat made of straw

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  Straw hat, circular saw

See also

• Asian cone hat
• Bollenhut
• Straw hat Emil
• Fulbehut
• Straw hat festival
• Straw shoes
• sombrero
• Pork pie

Web links

Commons : Straw Hats  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Wiktionary: Straw hat  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

• Straw hats: manufacturing method and material
• Production of a straw hat in Kals am Großglockner , historical film document from the Austrian media library

literature

• Christiane Syré in: Work & Everyday Life. Industrial culture in the Ruhr Museum . 1st edition. Verlag der Buchhandlung Walther König, Cologne 2015, ISBN 978-3-86335-821-1 , p. 33 .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Natural materials: straw on hutlexikon.de, accessed on March 11, 2017.
2. ↑ The Röhrlihut (straw hat) (PDF), on strohstiftung.ch, accessed on April 26, 2018.
3. ^ The last straw man In: Schweizer LandLiebe. Summer 2011, pp. 58-65, from marcelhuwyler.wordpress.com, accessed April 26, 2018.
4. ↑ Craftsman keeps straw skills alive on swissinfo.ch, accessed on April 26, 2018.
5. ↑ German straw hat industry on lindenberg.de, accessed on March 18, 2016.
6. ↑ Straw Museum on strohmuseum.de, accessed March 18, 2016.
7. ^ ^{A b} Mary Brooks Picken: A Dictionary of Costume and Fashion: Dover Publications, 1998, ISBN 978-0-486-14160-2 .
8. ↑ Kopka hat accessories ( Memento of the original from March 14, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on kopka.de, accessed on March 13, 2016. 
9. ↑ Mary Lisa Gavenas: The Fairchild Encyclopedia of Menswear. Fairchild Books, 2008, ISBN 978-1-56367-465-5 , p. 327.
10. ↑ Ida Tomshinsky: The Chronicle of Hats in Enjoyable Quotes: Xlibris Corporation, 2013, ISBN 978-1-4797-9908-4 , p. 28.
11. ↑ Paglinastroh on letom.eu, accessed on March 14, 2016.
12. ↑ Elaine Nowick: Historical Common Names of Great Plains Plants, with Scientific Names Index: Volume II, Lulu.com, 2015, ISBN 978-1-60962-060-8 , pp. 136, 380, 428.
13. ↑ Bulrush (PDF; 9 MB), accessed March 19, 2016.
14. ↑ Rush Straw on letom.eu, accessed March 18, 2016.
15. ↑ Bulrush posted on wealddown.co.uk, accessed March 18, 2016.
16. ↑ Typhahut ( Memento of the original from March 29, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on pepersack.de, accessed on March 18, 2016. 
17. ↑ Cattail Straw Hat on etsy.com, accessed March 19, 2016.
18. ↑ Reed hat ( Memento of the original from March 24, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on antique-gown.com, accessed March 18, 2016. 
19. ↑ Jackie Worrell: Information for use in determining whether to continue designation of certain headwear of straw as articles eligible for duty-free treatment under the generalized system of preferences: United States International Trade Commission, 1982, p. 5.
20. ↑ PP straw on villagehatshop.com, accessed on 16 March 2016th
21. ^ Beverly Chico: Hats and Headwear around the World: A Cultural Encyclopedia. ABC-Clio, 2013, ISBN 978-1-61069-062-1 , pp. 115, 259.
22. ↑ Kasahut on traditionscustom.com, accessed on March 19, 2016.
23. ↑ Brenda Grantland (Ed.): Hatatorium: An Essential Guide for Hat Collectors. 2011, ISBN 978-0-9847859-0-2 , p. 56.
24. ↑ Chipstraw on georgianindex.net, accessed on March 16, 2016.