Sulu Province
Sulu is a province in the Philippines . It consists of several islands of the Sulu Archipelago and occupies the extreme southwest of the island state between Basilan and Tawi-Tawi . Politically, the province belongs to the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM).
The headquarters of the provincial government is in the town of Jolo on the island of the same name. The governor of Sulu is called Abdusakur Tan II.
geography
Sulu Province comprises the middle group of islands in the Sulu Archipelago . It unites the area between the island of Basilan in the east and Tawi-Tawi in the west, which extends northeast of Borneo in the south of the Sulu Sea. This was once the rulership of the Sulu Sultanate .
The province consists of over 157 islands and islets, many of which do not even have a name. It is divided into four groups: the Jolo group, the Pangutaran group, the Tongkil -Banguingui (Samales) group and the Siasi - Tapul group.
Jolo is of volcanic origin and therefore high and mountainous. Some mountains stretch across the island without forming a mountain range. Between the mountains there are small gorges and wide foothills of hilly land that has been shaped and shaped by agriculture. The other islands like Pangutaran are swampy, forested, flat and low islands that were originally formed from coral formations.
On the main islands, the rivers are too narrow and insignificant to be navigable continuously. The few safe havens belong to Jolo and Siasi. There are a number of crater lakes on Jolo, of which the Lateral and Panamao Lakes are the most famous.
The province's land area takes up a total of 1,600.4 km², making it the fifteenth smallest province in the Philippines in terms of area.
Demographics and language
The province is home to a total of 849,670 people, according to the 2007 census. The province ranks 40th among the most populous provinces in the Philippines. The population density is 531 inhabitants per km², which puts Sulu in 13th place in these statistics.
The population of the province is more than 97% of Muslims, because the Sulu archipelago is from the ethnic group of Tausug dominates. The Tausug were the first of the Filipino ethnic groups to adopt Islam as early as the 14th century .
Their traditional religious-political structure was expressed by a sultanate . The sultan formed the head of all subjects in his territory. A patrilineal line of succession was preferred for the succession.
The name Tausūg refers to the term people of the current , due to the close relationship these people have with the sea. Their handicraft products reflect the influences of Islam and the neighboring Indonesian islands. They are skilled artists who make boats, cut weapons, bronze and brass ware. They also manufacture embroidered textiles, works of art made of shells, traditional carvings and tombs made of wood.
The main dialect of the local people of Jolo is the Tausug language. Furthermore, the languages Samal, Cebuano , Chavacano , Tagalog and others are common in the province. Many residents also speak English .
economy
The economy of Sulu Province is determined by agriculture and fishing. The fertile soils and the ideal climate favor the growth of a variety of crops such as fiber bananas , coconuts and oranges . The agricultural products also include exotic fruits that are rarely found in other parts of the archipelago, such as lanzones , durian and star fruit .
However, fishing is the province's main source of income as the Sulu Sea is one of the richest fishing grounds in the country. The province is also home to a large pearl industry . Pearls are collected extensively or, as on Marungas Island, grown on a pearl farm. Trays and combs are made from the back shields of the sea turtles . During the breaks between fishing trips, people build boats or weave mats. Other industries within the province are coffee growing and fruit preservation.
Political structure
Sulu consists of 19 independently administered municipalities. These are also subdivided into a total of 410 barangays (districts).
The province will continue to be divided into two congressional districts.
Communities
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history
The arrival of Islam around the year 1138 developed into a social phenomenon that had a profound impact on all of Southeast Asia . The exodus of Arabs , Persians, and other Muslim peoples in the 12th century paved the way for the arrival of religious missionaries, traders, scholars, and travelers to Sulu and Mindanao .
The story of Sulu began with Karim-ul-Makhdum, an Arab missionary and trained judge, who arrived in Sulu in 1380. He imparted Islam to the locals and laid the foundation for the further political history of this region. In 1390, Rajah Baguinda (1390–1460) landed on Buansa, which is now surrounded by Jolo, and expanded the missionary work of Makdum.
Sayid Abubakar, a princely scholar from Arabia who married Paramisuli, the daughter of Rajah Baguinda, inherited the rule of Rajah Baguinda, founded the sultanate, and became the first sultan of Sulu. To consolidate his rule, he united the local political entities under the auspices of the sultanate. In this train he brought Sulu, the Zamboanga peninsula , the island of Palawan and Basilan under his care. Later, in 1704, Sabah joined this association in exchange for the Sultanate's help in ending the civil war within Brunei that raged there for several decades.
The arrival of Ferdinand Magellan then brought the Philippines into the focus of Europeans and opened the door to the Spanish colonization of the island state. The Spaniards introduced Christianity to the Philippines and built a political system of ecclesiastical dichotomy to meet the bitter resistance that the Spaniards had encountered during the Moro Wars from 1578 to 1899.
After Spain had to cede the Philippines to the United States due to the defeat in the Spanish-American War , American troops have now reached Jolo and ended the 23-year Spanish military occupation that ruled there from 1879 to 1899. On August 20, Sultan Jamalul Kiram II and Brigadier General John C. Bates signed the Bates Agreement (Bates Agreement), which further drove the gradual disempowerment of the Sultanate that the Spanish began in 1878. In March 1915, the Sultan finally abdicated and transferred his secular power to the American administration with the Carpenter Treaty. This treaty ultimately eliminated any opposition that had arisen in previous years against the civilian government of Governor Frank W. Carpenter.
With the Philippine Commission Act 2309, the Ministry of Mindanao and Sulu was established under Governor Carpenter in 1914, which ended on February 5, 1920 with resolution No. 2878 of the Philippine legislature. With the enactment of the Jones Law (the Philippine Autonomy Act) by the United States Congress in 1916, the Philippines were ultimately guaranteed independence and indigenous Filipinos began to take office. Sulu still had an American governor until 1935, while a governor-general in Manila retained the authority for all matters concerning the Sulu area.
Today Sulu has a locally organized government as part of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao , which it joined on November 6, 1990. However, the province gains inglorious fame through the activities of the Islamic underground organization Abu Sajaf , which operates mainly from the islands of the Sulu Archipelago. Members of this group were involved in the kidnapping of the German Wallert family and their fellow travelers and hotel employees at a diving resort on Sipadan in 2000 ( Abu Sajaf kidnapping case ).
climate
Sulu is located outside the typhoon belt that affects the weather in the northern Philippines. The climate is warm and the air is usually humid, with constant rainfall throughout the year.
February is the coolest month while May to August are expected to have the hottest temperatures. The relative humidity during this time is 86%. The period from January to April is the dry season, with an average of between 175 mm and 220 mm of rain per month. The annual mean temperature is 26 ° C, with a maximum of 27 ° C.
Attractions
- The Walled City of Jolo
- Maubo Beach near Jolo
- The Pearl Farm of Marungas Island
- The Tubbataha Reef
Web links
Coordinates: 6 ° 0 ' N , 121 ° 0' E