Svítkov
| Svítkov | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Pardubický kraj | ||||
| District : | Pardubice | ||||
| Municipality : | Pardubice | ||||
| Area : | 475 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 2 ' N , 15 ° 44' E | ||||
| Height: | 222 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 3,672 (2011) | ||||
| Postal code : | 530 06 | ||||
| License plate : | E. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Pardubice - Přelouč | ||||
| Railway connection: | Česká Třebová – Praha | ||||
| Next international airport : | Pardubice airport | ||||
Svítkov (German Switkow , 1939–45 Switkau ) is a district of the city of Pardubice in Okres Pardubice , Czech Republic . It is located three kilometers west of the city center of Pardubice and belongs to the Pardubice VI district .
geography
Svítkov is located on the left side of the Elbe in the Polabská rovina ( Elbe lowlands ). The Bylanka brook flows through the village. The railway line Česká Třebová – Praha runs north of the development , along the eastern boundary of the state road I / 37 and to the south the state road I / 2 . The industrial area of PARAMO as occupies the eastern part of Svítkov . In the southeast lies the Zelenobranská dubina forest, behind it - in the area of the green suburb - the Pardubice racecourse .
Neighboring towns are Rosice in the north, Polabiny in the Northeast, Zelené Předměstí, Zavadilka and Dukla in the east, závodiště, Nové Jesenčany and Dražkovice the southeast, Stare Jesenčany and Popkovice in the South, Stare Čívice in the southwest, Kokešov and Opočínek the west and Krchleby , Srnojedy and Zadní Polabina in the northwest.
history
Numerous broken fragments prove that the area was settled during the Slavic castle period around the seventh century BC. Chr.
The village was first mentioned in 1465 as the property of the Vladiken Svítkovský von Škudly. Their seat was a feast that had stood on a raised place above the mill. The houses of the village were scattered south of the mill along the Bylanka. The most important owner of the Svítkov estate was Burjan Svítkovský; he was initially in the service of Vojtěch von Pernstein . Johann von Pernstein appointed him captain of the Pardubice rule in 1537 . After Jaroslav von Pernstein had sold the Pardubitz reign to King Ferdinand I in 1560 , Burjan Svítkovský was appointed as the supreme administrator of the manor. The Svítkov manor probably flowed into the Pardubice reign after Burjan Svítkovský's death. In the Pardubice land register from 1588, 15 properties are listed for Svítkov, including a mill and a tavern. There were two ponds in the village: the Spodní rybník below and the Vrchní rybník above the bar. King Rudolf II had the rule reorganized in the same year through a system of 24 Rychta ( Scholtiseien ); the Rychtář in Rosice exercised the lower jurisdiction for Svítkov.
In the course of Raabisation of the 18th century, northeast of Svítkov at a mineral spring in the Elbe between the former pond Přerovský rybník and Zelenobranská dubina the end - laid out the settlement Přerovsko - in the place of the extinct village Přerov. A wooden chapel of St. Trinity. Přerovsko was first mentioned in 1793 in connection with an inn and a bath house by the spring.
In 1835 the village of Switkow , located in the Chrudim district on the road to Choltitz , consisted of 39 houses in which 277 people lived. There was a mill in the village. Parish was Pardubice. Between 1842 and 1845 the Imperial and Royal Northern State Railway was laid north of the village ; east of Přerovsko the Pardubice train station was built. Until the middle of the 19th century, Switkow remained subordinate to the kk cameraman Pardubitz.
After the abolition of patrimonial Svitkov formed from 1849 with the district Přerovsko a municipality in the judicial district of Pardubice . The chapel in Přerovsko burned down in 1860 and a new stone building was built in its place. From 1868 the village belonged to the Pardubice district . In 1869 Svitkov had 412 inhabitants and consisted of 55 houses. Between 1869 and 1871, the Havlíčkův Brod – Rosice nad Labem railway was built , which touched Přerovsko to the east. For the settlement of Přerovsko, which is enclosed in the track fork and by the flood area of the Elbe meander, there were no more development opportunities, it was incorporated into Pardubice in the 1870s and from this time also called Svatá Trojice . In 1889 David Fanto founded a mineral oil refinery in the Přerovsko district in an easily accessible location at the railway junction, which started production in 1890. The northern part of Zelenobranská dubina was cleared for the construction of the refinery. The development of Svítkov from a rural village to a suburban settlement of Pardubice is connected with the Fantovy závody . In 1900, 792 people lived in Svítkov, in 1910 there were 1851. The Elbe was regulated at the beginning of the 20th century. Increasingly, the community expanded beyond its borders to the north to the district of Přerovsko. The Habrman School, which was inaugurated at the beginning of the 1924/25 school year, was also built there. The area was flooded by the Elbe flood in June 1926, the Bylanka was backed up and overflowed its banks. In 1930 Svítkov consisted of 297 houses and had 2044 inhabitants. In 1941 the regulation of the Bylanka began. In the course of the creation of a "Groß-Pardubitz", Svítkov was incorporated into Pardubitz by decision of the Interior Ministry on September 21, 1943. After the end of the Second World War, the Ministry of the Interior ordered the continuation of the "Velké Pardubice" conglomerate created during the occupation in 1946 . In the course of the reorganization of the town of Pardubice, Svítkov and Přerovsko belonged to the Pardubice V district from 1949 onwards. On May 17, 1954, Svítkov and Přerovsko were spun off from the town of Pardubice and formed a municipality in the Okres Pardubice-okolí. The place name Přerovsko went out afterwards; In addition to the original settlement (today U svaté Trojice), the district Přerovsko included the industrial area Svítkov-průmyslový obvod, the settlement Zadní polabina and the northern part of Svítkov along the street Přerovská. Since 1960 Svítkov belongs to the Okres Pardubice again. On July 1, 1960 Popkovice was incorporated, on July 1, 1964, the new incorporation to Pardubice took place. The PARAMO football stadium was converted into a speedway track in 1964, to which the race for the ČSR Golden Helmet was transferred. In the 2001 census, the district consisted of 852 houses and 2720 inhabitants; 2545 of them lived in Svítkov, 130 in Zadní polabina and 45 in Zelenobranská dubina, the industrial area Svítkov-průmyslový obvod has no inhabitants.
Local division
Svítkov is the seat of the Pardubice VI district. The district is divided into the basic settlement units Svítkov, Svítkov-průmyslový obvod, Zadní polabina and Zelenobranská dubina. The U svaté Trojice settlement also belongs to Svítkov.
Svítkov forms a cadastral district.
Attractions
- Chapel of the Virgin Mary in the village square
- Bell tower in the village square
- Jan Žižka monument in the park; The wealthy farmer and mayor Václav Šáda had a monument erected in the fields between Svítkov and Popkovice for the patron of the peasant class, Emperor Joseph II . After the establishment of Czechoslovakia, the imperial monument was removed from the base and replaced by a monument to Jan Žižka . Because of the construction of a housing estate, the monument was moved to the park in the old town center in 1969
- Cross in the park, donated in the 19th century by Václav Šáda
- Memorial stone for the fallen of both world wars, in the park
- Chapel of St. Trinity in U svaté Trojice, built in 1860 instead of a previously burned wooden building
Sports facilities
- Zlatá přilba speedway stadium, the venue for the Golden Helmet races
literature
- Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2005 , part 1, p. 526
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Katastrální území Svítkov: Územně identifikační registr ČR. In: uir.cz. Retrieved February 20, 2019 (Czech).
- ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia; Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 5: Chrudimer Kreis. Prague 1837, p. 54
- ↑ Základní sídelní jednotky: Územně identifikační registr ČR. In: uir.cz. Retrieved February 20, 2019 (Czech).