Svobodny

This article covers the city of Svobodny in the Amur Oblast (Russia). For the nearby rocket launch site see Svobodny Cosmodrome , for further meanings Swobodny (disambiguation) .

city Svobodny Свободный flag coat of arms Federal district far East Oblast Amur Urban district Svobodny Founded 1910 Earlier names Alexejewsk (until 1917) City since 1912 surface 225  km² population 58,778 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Population density 261 inhabitants / km² Height of the center 170  m Time zone UTC + 9 Telephone code (+7) 41643 Post Code 676450-676462 License Plate 28 OKATO 10 430 Geographical location Coordinates 51 ° 23 '  N , 128 ° 8'  E Coordinates: 51 ° 23 '0 "  N , 128 ° 8' 0"  E

Situation in Russia

Location in Amur Oblast

List of cities in Russia

Swobodny ( Russian Свободный ) is a Russian city ​​in the Amur Oblast with 58,778 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010).

geography

The city is located in the Far East of Russia northeast of the Amur on its tributary Seja , about 170 kilometers above the mouth and the Oblast capital Blagoveshchensk .

The city of Svobodny is administratively directly subordinate to the Oblast and at the same time the administrative center of the Rajon of the same name .

Svobodny is on the Trans-Siberian Railway, which opened on this section in 1916 .

history

Swobodny was built around 1910 in connection with the construction of the nearby bridge of the Amur Railway, an alternative route to the original route of the Trans-Siberian Railway through Manchuria , over the Seja. The resettler village Suraschowka had existed nearby since 1901. In 1912 the place received city rights under the name Alexejewsk , after the then heir to the throne of the Russian Empire, Alexei Romanow . In April 1917, after the overthrow of the Tsar during the February Revolution , the city administration renamed the place in Svobodny (from Russian свобода / swoboda for freedom ), which was confirmed by the Russian Provisional Government in July 1917. In the 1930s, Svobodny was used as a base for the planned construction of the Baikal-Amur Mainline to the “capital” of the BAMLag , one of the largest penal camps in the Gulag system .

Population development

year	Residents
1926	10,000
1939	44,029
1959	56,947
1970	62,935
1979	74,524
1989	80.006
2002	63,889
2010	58,778

Note: census data (1926 rounded)

Culture and sights

There is a local museum and a geological museum in Svobodny.

economy

Swobodny is a traffic junction with two train stations ( Swobodny , route kilometer 7807 from Moscow and Mikhailo-Tschesnokovskaya , kilometer 7812) as well as a car repair shop on the Trans-Siberian Railway and the river port on the Seja. There is also mechanical engineering, light, furniture and food industries. The city is the administrative center for the geological development and mining exploitation of the region (e.g. gold mining by Amursoloto ).

The rocket launch site of the same name is located around 20 km northwest of the city . There are other objects of the Russian armed forces in the vicinity .

Amur gas processing plant

The Amur gas processing plant is located near the town of Svobodny, covers an area of ​​800 hectares and is owned by Gazprom. With a target quantity of 42 billion m³ p. a. it will be one of the largest of its kind in the world. The plant is supplied with raw natural gas from the Kowyktinskoje (Irkutsk) and Tschajandinskoje (Yakutia) deposits via the Kraft Siberia pipeline. There various components are separated:

• Helium: up to 60 million m³
• Ethane: 2.5 million t
• Propane: 1 million t
• Butane: 0.5 million t
• Pentane-hexane: 0.2 million t

The processed natural gas is delivered to China via the Blagoveshchensk border point.

sons and daughters of the town

• Leonid Gaidai (1923–1993), film director
• Leonid Barkowskyj (* 1940), long jumper
• Andrei Samkovoi (* 1987), boxer

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
2. ↑ tagesschau.de: "Kraft Sibiriens": Russian gas for China. Retrieved December 2, 2019 . 
3. ↑ Amur gas processing plant. Gazprom , accessed December 2, 2019 . 

Web links

Commons : Swobodny  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Swobodny on mojgorod.ru (Russian)