Sylwa (Tschussowaja)
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Sylva Сылва |
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 Location of the Sylwa (Сылва) in the catchment area of the Kama |
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| Data | ||
| Water code | RU : 10010100812111100012210 | |
| location | Sverdlovsk Oblast , Perm Region ( Russia ) | |
| River system | Volga | |
| Drain over | Chusovaya → Kama → Volga → Caspian Sea | |
| source | around 20 km east of the settlement (Possjolok) Schalja 57 ° 15 ′ 1 ″ N , 59 ° 2 ′ 43 ″ E |
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| Source height | about 380 m | |
| muzzle | around 20 km northeast of Perm in the Chusovaya ( Kamastausee ) Coordinates: 58 ° 6 ′ 38 ″ N , 56 ° 37 ′ 52 ″ E, 58 ° 6 ′ 38 ″ N , 56 ° 37 ′ 52 ″ E |
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| Mouth height | around 120 m | |
| Height difference | about 260 m | |
| Bottom slope | about 0.53 ‰ | |
| length | 493 km | |
| Catchment area | 19,700 km² | |
| Outflow location: 45 km above the mouth |
MQ |
139 m³ / s |
| Discharge at the gauge 5 km north of Kungur |
NNQ (November 1979) MQ HHQ (May 1979) |
7.47 m³ / s 144 m³ / s 1240 m³ / s |
| Left tributaries | Wogulka , Berjosowka , Tissa , Kischertka , Iren , Babka , Syra | |
| Right tributaries | Un , Big Bis , Lek , Barda , Tas , Shakwa , Jurman , Kutamysh | |
| Reservoirs flowed through | Kamastausee | |
| Medium-sized cities | Kungur | |
| Small towns | Suksun | |
| Communities | Schamary , Ust-Kischert | |
| Ports | Kungur | |
| Navigable | on the lower 74 km | |
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 The Sylwa in Kungur |
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The Sylwa ( Russian Сылва ) is a 493 km long left tributary of the Tschussowaja in the European part of Russia .
River course
The Sylwa rises on the western slope of the central Urals , in the southwest of the Sverdlovsk Oblast , around 100 km northwest of the capital Yekaterinburg . First it flows in a north-west direction through the wooded mountain landscape. At the place Sylwa it is dammed up to a small lake.
The Sylwa continues to flow in tight curves to the northwest, before it turns abruptly to the south at Roschtscha . At Shamary , the Trans-Siberian Railway crosses the river, which in turn now flows mainly in western directions. Shortly afterwards, it reaches the border with the Perm region near Molebka and turns south again.
The Berjosowka river of the same name flows into Berjosowka . A little later, after the confluence of the Tissa , the Sylwa again changes its direction of flow to the northwest and north. The landscape that was previously dominated by forests is now used more for agriculture.
After the tributaries of the Lek , Barda and Tas confluence within a few kilometers , the Sylwa reaches Ust-Kischert . Here it meets again the route of the Trans-Siberian Railway, which follows the course of the river to the west and northwest.
A little later the Sylwa flows through Kungur . In the city it takes in Shakva and Iren , a little below the city the Babka flows in . While the Sylwa turns north again, the Transsib follows the Babka to the west and northwest. Shortly afterwards, the lower reaches of the Sylwa are shaped by the backwater of the Kama reservoir. The mouth of the Sylwa into the Tschussowaja, which has meanwhile been flooded, lies near Lyady.
use
The Sylwa is navigable on its lower 74 km, the most important port is Kungur. The river, which is mainly fed by meltwater, is frozen from late October / early November to the second half of April. The spring floods from the end of April to June provide around 56% of the annual runoff.
The Sylwa is a very popular destination due to the scenic surroundings. Especially on the lower reaches it flows through a karst rock landscape that is very popular with boat hikers , climbers and hikers .
Kungur ice cave
Underground lake in the Kungur ice cave
Jermak-Kamen, the Jermak rock
A popular destination is the Kungur Ice Cave ( Кунгурская пещера ), one of the most famous show caves in Russia. The Preduralje nature reserve ( Заказник Предуралье ) is also located near Kungur . In it is the Jermak rock ( Ермак-Камень ), which is the scene of a climbing competition every year.
etymology
The name of the river is derived from the Komi- Permjak words syl for thaw / melt and wa for water .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Article Sylwa in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)
- ↑ a b Sylwa in the State Water Directory of the Russian Federation (Russian)
- ↑ UNESCO - Sylva at Podkamennoe ( Memento of the original from November 24, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b Sylwa at academic.ru (Russian)
