Szybowice

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Szybowice
Schnellewalde
Szybowice Coat of Arms
Szybowice Schnellewalde (Poland)
Szybowice Schnellewalde
Szybowice
Schnellewalde
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Opole
Powiat : Prudnik
Gmina : Prudnik
Area : 10.51  km²
Geographic location : 50 ° 21 '  N , 17 ° 29'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 21 '7 "  N , 17 ° 28' 51"  E
Height : 270-320 m npm
Residents : 1064 (2012)
Postal code : 48-200
Telephone code : (+48) 77
License plate : OPR
Economy and Transport
Next international airport : Wroclaw



Szybowice (German Schnellewalde ) is a place in the Gmina Prudnik in the powiat Prudnicki in the Polish Opole Voivodeship .

geography

Geographical location

The forest hoof village Szybowice is located in the south of the historical region of Upper Silesia . The place is about six kilometers northwest of the municipal seat and the district town of Prudnik and about 57 kilometers southwest of the voivodeship capital Opole .

Szybowice is in the Nizina Śląska (Silesian Plain) within the Płaskowyż Głubczycki (Leobschützer Loesshügelland) . The place is on the Kędzierzyn-Koźle-Nysa railway line

Districts

A district of Szybowice is the originally independent place Włóczno ( Achthuben ) until 1938 .

Neighboring places

Neighboring towns of Szybowice are Nowy Las ( Neuwalde ) in the west, Stary Las ( Altewalde ) in the northeast , Mieszkowice ( Dittmannsdorf ) in the north, Rudziczka ( Riegersdorf ) in the northeast, Niemysłowice ( Buchelsdorf ) in the east, Prudnik ( Neustadt OS ) and Łąka in the southeast Prudnicka ( Gräflich Wiese ) and in the south Wierzbiec ( Wackenau ).

history

View of Schnellewalde around 1920 - the former Protestant church in the foreground
Catholic Church of St. Michael

Schnellewalde was laid out as a Waldhufendorf village in the second half of the 13th century and settled with German colonists. The place was first mentioned in the Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis from the years 1295-1305 as Snellinwalde . The parish church was first mentioned in a document in 1335. In 1463 it was mentioned as Snellewalde . In 1532 the Reformation arrived in the place and the place became Protestant.

After the First Silesian War in 1742, Schnellewalde and most of Silesia came to Prussia . In 1784, Schnellewalde had 1283 inhabitants. In the same year the Protestant parish church was built. In 1787, Schnellewalde had 146 farmers and 382 jobs and 1725 inhabitants.

In 1804 the Protestant church was rebuilt. After the reorganization of the province of Silesia , the rural community of Schnellewalde belonged to the district of Neustadt OS in the administrative district of Opole from 1816 . In 1818 the place, which at that time was Neustädter Kammereidorf, had 143 farmers, 50 gardeners and 67 cottagers. In 1845 there was a free school, a Protestant parish church, a Protestant school, a water mill, a Catholic school, a Catholic church and 394 other houses in the village. In the same year, 2510 people lived in Schnellewalde, 810 of them Catholic. In 1855, 2,614 people lived in Schnellewalde. In 1865 the place had 105 farmers, 33 gardeners and 246 cottages. At that time, the place had two windmills and a brewery and the residents were employed in spinning and weaving in addition to agriculture, largely consisting of flax growing and fruit growing. 400 pupils were taught at the Protestant school and 253 pupils were taught at the two-class Catholic school. In 1874 the administrative district of Schnellewalde was founded, which consisted of the rural communities of Schnellewalde and Wackenau and the manor district of Wackenau. In 1876 the railway line between Neustadt and Neisse was opened. This gave Schnellewalde a connection to the railway network of the Upper Silesian Railway. 1885 Schnellwalde had 2316 inhabitants.

In the referendum in Upper Silesia on March 20, 1921, Schnellewalde was outside the voting area. In 1933 there were 1848 inhabitants. In 1939 the place had 2064 inhabitants. Until 1945 the place was in the district of Neustadt OS

During the Second World War , two small prisoner-of-war camps for 30 to 40 prisoners each were set up in the village. On the morning of March 17, 1945, the Red Army began to take Schnellwalde and the fighting over the place lasted into the night. The residents had not previously been evacuated and some tried to flee during or after the fighting. Some returned later. The place came under Polish administration after the end of the war, was renamed Szybowice and joined the Silesian Voivodeship. In June 1945 Poles from the east were settled here. In 1950 the place came to the Opole Voivodeship . The Protestant church was demolished in 1979. Since 1999 the place belongs to the powiat Prudnicki .

Attractions

Chapel with a bell tower
  • The Roman Catholic parish church of the Archangel St. Michael (Polish Kościół parafialny pw. Św. Michała Archanioła ) was first mentioned in 1355. During the Thirty Years' War the Catholic priest was killed by Swedish troops and the building was destroyed. In 1651 the building was rebuilt. In 1734 the church was rebuilt in the Baroque style. The building has been a listed building since 1966.
  • St. Elisabeth's sister house - built in 1890 and listed as a historical monument in 1991
  • Iron cross with a memorial plaque on the site of the former Protestant church
  • Szybowice station reception building
  • Brick chapel with bell tower
  • Stone path chapel with a portrait of the Virgin Mary
  • Stone wayside chapel
  • Stone wayside cross
  • Wooden wayside cross

societies

Sons and daughters of the place

literature

  • Manfred Weiß: Chronicle of the village of Schnellewalde, Neustadt district in Upper Silesia. Goldammer-Verlag 2017, ISBN 978-3-944109-27-5
  • W. Schwedowski: History of the Catholic Parish Schnellewalde , 1928 ( digitized )

Web links

Commons : Szybowice  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Places in Gmina Prudnik - History and Dates (Polish)
  2. ^ A b Walter Kuhn : Settlement history of Upper Silesia. Oberschlesischer Heimatverlag, Würzburg. 1954, p. 66.
  3. ↑ Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis
  4. ↑ a b c Johann Georg Knie : Alphabetical-statistical-topographical overview of the villages, towns, cities and other places of the royal family. Preuss. Province of Silesia. Breslau 1845, p. 600.
  5. ^ Johann Ernst Tramp: Additions to the Description of Silesia, Volume 3 , Brieg 1783
  6. ↑ a b History of the Protestant Church in Schnellewalde (Polish)
  7. ^ Geographical-statistical handbook on Silesia and the County of Glatz, Volume 2 ; Breslau and Jauer 1818
  8. ^ Felix Triest : Topographisches Handbuch von Oberschlesien , Breslau 1865, p. 1051
  9. ^ Territorial district of Schnellewalde
  10. ↑ AGoFF district Neustadt OS
  11. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. neustadt_os.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  12. ↑ a b History of Schnellewalde in the Second World War (Polish)
  13. ↑ History of the Catholic Church of St. Michael (Polish)
  14. ↑ a b List of monuments in the Opole Voivodeship