Talamone
Talamone is a district of Orbetello in the province of Grosseto , Tuscany region in Italy with about 280 inhabitants.
geography
The place is about 15 km north of Orbetello and about 25 km southeast of the provincial capital Grosseto on the Gulf of Talamone (Golfo di Talamone), which is part of the Tyrrhenian Sea . It is located in the Monti dell'Uccellina mountain range and at the Parco Regionale della Maremma near the Via Aurelia on the Osa River . The castle located in the village is 32 meters above sea level . The place is part of the Diocese of Pitigliano-Sovana-Orbetello .
history
According to legend, the place was created by Telamon , son of Aiakos in Greek mythology , who was buried under the ledge on which the place was built. The first settlements in the local area were created by the Etruscans in what is now called Talamonaccio , among them the place was called Tlamu . According to tradition, the victory of the Romans over the Celts in the battle of Telamon in 225 BC In the vicinity of this place. The Campo Regio (King's Field) between Talamone and Fonteblanda (today's district of Orbetello) was identified as the battlefield . Gerhard Radke , however, came to the conclusion that the battle must have taken place at a different location of the same name (see battle near Telamon # localization of the battle ).
87 BC On his return from Africa Gaius Marius came to the place, which was destroyed after the defeat of Marius in the conflict with Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix due to the support of the population for Marius. After the Pax Romana the place was settled again, houses and thermal baths were built . With the decline of the Roman Empire and the invasion of the Goths , the place became depopulated. After that, the area was without inhabitants, but was owned by the monastery of San Salvatore di Monte Amiata from around the beginning of the 11th century . In the Middle Ages, the Aldobrandeschi built the castle and founded a fief .
On September 10, 1303, a delegation led by Tavena di Cristoforo Tolomei bought Talamone for the Republic of Siena . This reactivated the port, expanded it and made it the main port of the republic in order to compete with the seafaring republics of Pisa and Genoa , which did not succeed. From 1356 to 1364 even Florence, which rivaled Siena, used the port as its alternative port. On behalf of Pope Clement VII , Antonio Doria (* approx. 1495 in Genoa; † end of January 1577, admiral and knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece ) conquered the place in 1526 and left heavy damage. In 1531 Baldassare Peruzzi was supposed to strengthen the castle and the city walls, but this did not happen. Khair ad-Din Barbarossa landed in the port in 1544 and destroyed the place. Twelve years later, the Spaniards took over the place, which became part of the Stato dei Presidi as the smallest fortress in 1557 and remained there until 1707. After that, the House of Bourbon and the House of Habsburg-Lothringen ruled the place. The Kingdom of Naples ruled Talamone from 1736 until 1801 when Napoleon occupied the area. After the defeat of Napoleon in 1814, the place came under the influence of Ferdinand III. and thus to the Grand Duchy of Tuscany , where he remained until the unification of Italy . On the morning of May 7, 1860, Giuseppe Garibaldi landed in the port of Talamone to equip himself with weapons. The place suffered considerable damage from the withdrawal of German troops in World War II , when the port and houses were mined. The existing city walls were not damaged.
Attractions
- Chiesa della Madonna delle Grazie , church outside the fortifications, built in the 17th century.
- Chiesa di Santa Maria Assunta , church from 1374, over an older cult site from the 5th century BC. Was built. Was remodeled in the 17th century and two aisles were added. Contains the fresco Madonna di Costantinopoli from the 15th century and the fresco Madonna con il Bambino tra San Pietro e San Paolo by a master of the Sienese school from the end of the 15th century.
- Mausoleo Vivarelli , mausoleum that was developed by Lorenzo Porciatti and could not be completed until 1906 due to his sudden death.
- Aldobrandesca , castle of Aldobrandeschi of the 13th century.
- Tempio di Talamonaccio , Temple of the Etruscans from the 4th century BC On the southernmost headland of the Gulf of Talamone at 106 m. The temple is the place of origin of the Frontone di Talamone , a gable top from 150 BC. Chr.
- Terme dell'Osa , also called Terme Traiane , thermal bath ruins on the Osa River.
- Torre delle Cannelle , late 16th century coastal watchtower built by the Medici north of Talamone.
- Torre di Capo d'Uomo , 16th century watchtower on the coast just outside and north of Talamone.
- Torre di Poggio Raso , watchtower on the coast, built in the 14th century by the Republic of Siena and later expanded by the Medici .
- Torre di Talamonaccio , watchtower on the coast south of Talamone.
District partnership
Talamone has a partnership with the Contrada Capitana dell'Onda (Wave), one of the 17 contrades in the historic center of Siena.
Talamone in literature
The place is mentioned by Dante Alighieri in the Divine Comedy in the second part (Purgatorio, Canto 13, lines 148-154):
- I ask you, with everything that is worth to you,
- Will you ever find yourself in Tuscier land
- So, for the better, let my reputation be turned there.
- You will find mine among the vain people,
- The talamon tempts one to delude in hope;
- And as with Diana's spring it will fade -
- But the admirals are doing more.
( Extensor translation)
Movie
In Talamone were
- 1954 parts of the film The Journeys of Odysseus and
- 2008 Part of the film James Bond 007: Quantum of Solace filmed.
Web links
- Pro Loco Talamone Website of the Pro Loco in Talamone
- Dizionario Geografico Entry in the Dizionario Geografico Fisico della Toscana of the University of Siena , author Emanuele Repetti
- Online edition of the Treccani on Talamone
- Information on the history of the place at Girando nei Borghi Italiani
Individual evidence
- ^ L a Frazione di Talamone , accessed March 27, 2019
- ↑ Website of the Pro Loco Talamone ( memento of the original from March 12, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed on June 6, 2011 (Italian), no longer available
- ↑ Castelli Toscani website, accessed on June 6, 2011 (Ital.)
- ^ Gerhard Radke : Telamon 2. In: Der Kleine Pauly (KlP). Volume 5, Stuttgart 1975, Col. 562.
- ↑ About Maremma website, accessed June 6, 2011 (Ital.)
- ↑ Roberta Mucciarelli: I Tolomei. Banchieri di Siena. Protagon Editori, Siena 1995, ISBN 88-8024-012-9 , p. 241 f.
- ^ Online edition of the Dizionario biografico degli Italiani, accessed on June 6, 2011 (Ital.)
- ↑ Website of the Pro Loco Talamone on the history of the place, accessed on September 16, 2015 (Italian) ( Memento of the original from September 6, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ web.rete.toscana.it/cultura/architettura?command=showDettaglio&codice=100256&provincia=Grosseto Official website of the Tuscany region on the Mausoleo Vivarelli, accessed on June 6, 2011 (Italian), no longer available
- ^ Filippo and Fabio Raffaelli: Passeggiate in Toscana e Umbria , Newton Compton Editori, p. 183, Rome 1984
- ↑ The Steckfuß translation of The Divine Comedy at Wikisource
Coordinates: 42 ° 33 ' N , 11 ° 8' E