Myristic acid

Structural formula
General
Surname	Myristic acid
other names	Tetradecanoic acid ( IUPAC ); MYRISTIC ACID ( INCI ) ;
Molecular formula	C 14 H 28 O 2
Brief description	white scales with a characteristic odor
External identifiers / databases
EC number	208-875-2
ECHA InfoCard	100.008.069
PubChem	11005
ChemSpider	10539
DrugBank	DB08231
Wikidata	Q422658
properties
Molar mass	228.38 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	0.86 g cm −3 (54 ° C)
Melting point	54-55 ° C
boiling point	326 ° C
Vapor pressure	7.0 10 −5 Pa (298 K)
solubility	almost insoluble in water (1.07 mg l −1 , 25 ° C); soluble in diethyl ether , benzene , chloroform and ethanol ;
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances	no GHS pictograms
	no GHS pictograms
H and P phrases	H: no H-phrases
	P: no P-phrases
Toxicological data	> 10000 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 , rat , oral )
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Myristic acid , also tetradecanoic acid , is a saturated fatty and carboxylic acid . It is derived from alkane n - tetradecane . Their salts and esters are called myristates or tetradecanoates .

Occurrence

Nutmeg ( Myristica fragrans )

In chemically bound form as triglyceride (triester of glycerine ), myristic acid is contained in most vegetable and animal fats , such as murumuru fat (21–37%), coconut fat (18–21%), palm kernel oil (15–17%), babassu oil ( 15–18%), whale oil (4–10%) and butterfat (8–14%). Myristic acid esters are found to a particularly high degree in nutmeg butter , hence the name myristic acid ( nutmeg , Latin: Myristica fragrans ). As a component of animal fats, it is mainly found in dairy products.

properties

It is insoluble in water , but it is insoluble in alcohols , ethers and acetone . The flash point is> 160 ° C.

use

As a widely used fatty acid, it is used in the manufacture of soaps and fatty alcohols .

health

A scientific study found that myristic acid caused the largest increases in blood levels of cholesterol compared to oleic acid and palmitic acid . This improves the cholesterol quotient because the HDL cholesterol increases more than the LDL cholesterol .

Individual evidence

↑ entry to Myristic ACID in CosIng database of the European Commission, accessed on May 25, 2020th
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Entry on myristic acid in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on December 20, 2019(JavaScript required) .
↑ CD Cappa, ER Lovejoy, AR Ravishankara: Evaporation Rates and Vapor Pressures of the Even-Numbered C ₈ −C ₁₈ Monocarboxylic Acids in J. Phys. Chem. A 112 (2008) 3959-3964, doi : 10.1021 / jp710586m .
↑ ^a ^b Entry on tetradecanoic acid. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on November 10, 2014.
↑ ^a ^b Zock PL1, de Vries JH, Katan MB: Impact of myristic acid versus palmitic acid on serum lipid and lipoprotein levels in healthy women and men. 1994, PMID 8148355 .

Web links

Wiktionary: Myristic acid - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

[CosIng-1] try to Myristic ACID in CosIng database of the European Commission, accessed on May 25, 2020th

[GESTIS-2] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Entry on myristic acid in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on December 20, 2019(JavaScript required) .

[Cappa-3] CD Cappa, ER Lovejoy, AR Ravishankara: Evaporation Rates and Vapor Pressures of the Even-Numbered C ₈ −C ₁₈ Monocarboxylic Acids in J. Phys. Chem. A 112 (2008) 3959-3964, doi : 10.1021 / jp710586m .

[roempp-4] Entry on tetradecanoic acid. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on November 10, 2014.

[zock-5] Zock PL1, de Vries JH, Katan MB: Impact of myristic acid versus palmitic acid on serum lipid and lipoprotein levels in healthy women and men. 1994, PMID 8148355 .