United States Fleet Forces Command
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United States Fleet Forces Command |
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|---|---|
 US Fleet Forces Command logo |
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| Lineup | 1906 |
| Country | United States of America |
| Armed forces | United States Armed Forces of America |
| United States Navy | marine |
| Branch of service | US Navy High Command |
| Type | Major command |
| Subordinate troops |
( see below ) |
| Strength | approx. 118,000 |
| Insinuation | United States Joint Forces Command |
| Naval Station Norfolk | Norfolk (Virginia) |
| motto | Ready Fleet… Global Reach |
| commander | |
| Commander | Admiral Philip S. Davidson |
The United States Fleet Forces Command ( USFLTFORCOM ) is the supreme command of the US Navy , responsible for operations in and around the Atlantic . The command emerged in 2001 from the United States Atlantic Fleet ( USLANTFLT ) established in 1906 , which was an integral part of US defense policy throughout the 20th century. In addition, the command now represents the naval component of the United States Joint Forces Command .
In 2002 the fleet consisted of over 118,000 members of the US Navy and United States Marine Corps armed forces serving on 186 ships and 1,300 aircraft. The operational fleet, i.e. the accumulation of combat ships, is the 2nd fleet , responsible for an operational area in the Atlantic from the North Pole to Florida, including the Gulf of Mexico .
history
Emergence
In 1906, US President Theodore Roosevelt set up two fleets. The Atlantic and Pacific Fleets had become necessary to match the new bases that had emerged as a result of the Spanish-American war in the Caribbean and the Pacific. The Atlantic Fleet was created from the combination of the North and South Atlantic squadrons of the US Navy .
The first in command of this fleet was Rear Adm. Robley D. Evans , who had been the flagship of the battleship USS Maine since January 1, 1906 . A year later, Evans formed on the orders of Roosevelt's an association of 16 steam-powered ships of the line, called the Great White Fleet , and took her on 16 December 1907 to 22 February 1909 for round the globe; this venture was intended as a demonstration of the maritime power of the United States .
Reorganization and establishment of the United States Fleet
With the general order of December 6, 1922, the Atlantic and Pacific fleets were combined to form the United States Fleet , with the Pacific fleet being equipped with the majority of the ships. In the course of this reorganization, the fleets were renamed, the Battle Fleet (German: "Schlachtflotte") now served in the Pacific, while the smaller of the two fleets, the Scouting Fleet (renamed Scouting Force in 1930 ), was used in the Atlantic.
The commander of the Atlantic Fleet held the title of Commander in Chief, Atlantic Fleet from 1906 to 1922 and again from 1941 to 2002 . During the aforementioned reorganization and formation of the United States Fleet , this title was retired and replaced by that of the Commander Scouting Force .
Reorganization during the Second World War
In preparation for the Second World War , a new reorganization of the US fleet was carried out on February 1, 1941 by General Order 143. The institution of the US Fleet was abandoned and the three different fleets restored: the Atlantic, the Pacific and the Asian. This order also determined that each of the fleets should now be led by an admiral . As a result, Rear Admiral Ernest J. King was promoted to Admiral on February 1 and took command of the, again so-called, Atlantic Fleet with his flagship, the USS Texas (BB-35) , as Commander in Chief, United States Atlantic Fleet . Should two or more fleets act together, the title of Commander in Chief of the United States Fleet ( CINCUS ) would be bestowed on the commander of a fleet who has overall command. With the exception of this particular scenario, the three fleet commanders reported directly to the Secretary of the Navy and the US President. From April 1941 to April 1948, four flagships were used as the headquarters of the commander of the Atlantic Fleet: the USS Augusta (CA-31) (April 1941 - January 1942), the historic corvette USS Constellation (January 1942 - August 1942), the USS Vixen (PG-53) (August 1942 - May 1946) and the USS Pocono (AGC-16) (May 1946 - April 1948). The former US Naval Hospital in Norfolk , Virginia , has served as the headquarters of the Atlantic Fleet since April 5, 1948 .
On February 1, 1941, Husband E. Kimmel took over the post of commander of the US Pacific Fleet and also that of Commander in Chief, United States Fleet, with the rank of admiral . After the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 17, 1941, Kimmel was found responsible for the disaster at Pearl Harbor and removed from command on the same day, along with the commander of the ground forces, Walter C. Short . One day later, on December 18, the post of Command-in-Chief, United States Fleet ( COMINCH ) was restored as Commander -in-Chief of the three fleets by executive order . Admiral King took up this post on December 20. An important difference between the previous position of the CINCUS and the current COMINCH was that its headquarters were no longer with the fleet, but in Washington, DC .
The separation of command between King as Commander in Chief of the Fleet and the Chief of Naval Operations (CNO), Admiral Harold R. Stark , proved ineffective. Through Executive Order 9096 of March 12, 1942, US President Franklin D. Roosevelt arranged that the post of Chief of Naval Operations and Commander-in-Chief, United States Fleet could be filled by a single officer at the same time. Then King was also transferred to the post of CNO. King replaced Stark on March 29 and held the two posts until the end of the war. On October 10, 1945, the post of COMINCH was given up by Admiral King and his functions were transferred to the post of CNO.
Reorganization after the Second World War and integration into NATO
After the end of World War II, the leadership organization that had developed since 1942 was legalized by the National Security Act of 1947. The command organization of the US Army , a centralized chain of command, had prevailed during the war against the decentralized system of the US Navy, in which specialists in their field lead. Therefore, with the law of 1947, so-called Unified Combatant Commands with either regional or technical competence were created, including the US Atlantic Command (CINCLANT), today's US Joint Forces Command , as the regional command responsible for the Atlantic Ocean. Between 1947 and 1985, the post of Commander of the Atlantic Fleet and the US Atlantic Command was held in personal union by an admiral. The first to hold these two posts was Admiral William HP Blandy . In 1952, the two came to the post yet NATO -Oberkommandeurs of the Atlantic, Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic (SACLANT), added. Admiral Lynde D. McCormick took over the newly created post of SACLANT on April 10, 1952.
In the course of a further reorganization of the US armed forces through the Goldwater-Nichols Act in 1986, the post of commander of the US Atlantic Fleet was separated from the other two posts in 1985. Admiral Wesley L. McDonald was the last in command to hold all three posts. He handed over command of the US Atlantic Fleet on October 4, 1985 to Admiral Carlisle AH Trost . Temporarily, the commander of the Atlantic Fleet was designated as deputy commander of the Atlantic Command for a year , until Admiral Frank B. Kelso II, deployed in 1986, gave up this post on September 16 to Major General Thomas G. Darling .
After the end of the Cold War
After the end of the Cold War , the commander of the US Atlantic Fleet led the Navy component of the US Southern Command from February 1, 1991 to February 2000 . On February 17, 2000, Admiral Vernon E. Clark gave this area of responsibility to the new Commander, US Naval Forces Southern Command (COMUSNAVSO), created from the former Commander, South Atlantic Force . However, no permanent floating units were subordinate to this new post. The commander of the US Atlantic Fleet remained under the supreme command of the US Joint Forces Command (formerly US Atlantic Command ) for the US Southern Command's area of operations in and around South America.
Since June 1, 1992, the naval component of the US Strategic Command has been subordinate to the commander of the US Atlantic Fleet .
On October 1, 2001, the commander of the US Atlantic Fleet was also given command of the new Fleet Forces Command (FLTFORCOM), which was responsible for the coordination, development and implementation of new standards for the crew, equipment and training of the Atlantic - and Pacific Fleet between their missions. On October 1, 2002, a year later, the commander of the Atlantic Fleet took over the naval component of the newly established US Northern Command . Four years later, on May 23, 2006, the posts of Commander, Fleet Forces Command and Commander, US Atlantic Fleet were relinquished and replaced by Commander, US Fleet Forces Command . He was now responsible for the tasks of the previous two posts and has since served as officer for fleet personnel, training, procurement, maintenance and operational affairs and reports directly to the CNO and supports the US Joint Forces Command as a naval component .
On October 24, 2002, US Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld reserved the title of Commander in Chief for the US President and since then all military commanders in chief have only carried the title of Commander (example: Commander, US Atlantic Fleet ).
Subordinate commands and units
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US Fleet Forces Command
- 2nd US fleet
- 4th US fleet
- Naval Surface Force, Atlantic Fleet
- Naval Submarine Force, Atlantic Fleet
- Naval Air Force, Atlantic Fleet
- Commander, US Atlantic Fleet Maritime Homeland Defense (Coast Guard Atlantic Area)
List of commanders
| Surname | Beginning of the appointment | End of appointment | annotation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Admiral Christopher W. Grady | 4th May 2018 | - | Commander, U.S. Fleet Forces Command |
| Admiral Philip S. Davidson | 19th December 2014 | 4th May 2018 | Commander, U.S. Fleet Forces Command |
| Admiral William E. Gortney | September 14, 2012 | November 24, 2014 | Commander, U.S. Fleet Forces Command |
| Admiral John C. Harvey, Jr. | July 24, 2009 | September 14, 2012 | Commander, U.S. Fleet Forces Command |
| Admiral Jonathan W. Greenert | September 29, 2007 | July 24, 2009 | Commander, U.S. Fleet Forces Command |
| Admiral Gary Roughead | May 17, 2007 | September 29, 2007 | Commander, U.S. Fleet Forces Command |
| Admiral John B. Nathman | February 18, 2005 | May 16, 2007 | Commander, US Fleet Forces Command ; until May 22, 2006 also Commander, US Atlantic Fleet |
| Admiral William J. Fallon | October 3, 2003 | February 18, 2005 | Commander, US Fleet Forces Command and Commander, US Atlantic Fleet |
| Admiral Robert J. Natter | June 23, 2000 | October 3, 2003 | Commander, US Atlantic Fleet ; since October 1, 2002 also Commander, US Fleet Forces Command |
| Admiral Vernon E. Clark | September 17, 1999 | June 23, 2000 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet |
| Admiral J. Paul Reason | December 20, 1996 | September 17, 1999 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet |
| Admiral William J. Flanagan, Jr. | 5th October 1994 | December 20, 1996 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet |
| Admiral Henry H. Mauz, Jr. | July 13, 1992 | 5th October 1994 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet |
| Admiral Paul David Miller | January 31, 1991 | July 13, 1992 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet |
| Admiral Powell F. Carter, Jr. | 4th November 1988 | January 31, 1991 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet |
| Admiral Frank B. Kelso II. | June 30, 1986 | 4th November 1988 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet and Deputy Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Command |
| Admiral Carlisle AH Consolation | 4th October 1985 | June 30, 1986 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet and Deputy Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Command |
| Admiral Wesley L. McDonald | September 30, 1982 | 4th October 1985 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet ; Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Command and Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic |
| Admiral Harry D. Train II. | September 30, 1978 | September 30, 1982 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet ; Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Command and Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic |
| Admiral Isaac C. Kidd, Jr. | May 30, 1975 | September 30, 1978 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet ; Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Command and Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic |
| Admiral Ralph Wynne cousins | October 31, 1972 | May 30, 1975 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet ; Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Command and Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic |
| Admiral Charles K. Duncan | September 30, 1970 | October 31, 1972 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet ; Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Command and Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic |
| Admiral Ephraim P. Holmes | June 17, 1967 | September 30, 1970 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet ; Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Command and Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic |
| Admiral Thomas H. Moorer | April 30, 1965 | June 17, 1967 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet ; Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Command and Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic |
| Admiral Harold P. Smith | April 30, 1963 | April 30, 1965 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet ; Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Command and Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic |
| Admiral Robert L. Dennison | February 28, 1960 | April 30, 1963 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet ; Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Command and Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic |
| Admiral Jerauld Wright | April 12, 1954 | February 28, 1960 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet ; Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Command and Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic |
| Admiral Lynde D. McCormick | August 15, 1951 | April 12, 1954 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet ; Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Command and Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic |
| Admiral William M. Fechteler | February 1, 1950 | August 15, 1951 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet and Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Command |
| Admiral William HP Blandy | February 3, 1947 | February 1, 1950 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet and Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Command |
| Admiral Marc A. Mitscher | September 26, 1946 | February 3, 1947 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet |
| Admiral Jonas H. Ingram | November 15, 1944 | September 26, 1946 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet |
| Admiral Royal E. Ingersoll | December 30, 1941 | November 15, 1944 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet |
| Admiral Ernest J. King | February 1, 1941 | December 30, 1941 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet |
| ??? | 1936 | ??? | Commander Scouting Force |
| Isaac C. Kidd | 1935 | 1936 | Commander Scouting Force |
| Vice Admiral Arthur L. Willard | July 10, 1930 | July 1932 | Commander Scouting Force |
| Vice Admiral William C. Cole | June 21, 1929 | June 14, 1930 | Commander Scouting Force |
| Ashley H. Robertson | 1927 | ??? | Commander Scouting Fleet ; since 1930 Commander Scouting Force |
| Josiah S. McKean | 1924 | ??? | Commander Scouting Fleet |
| Newton A. McCully | 1923 | 1924 | Commander Scouting Fleet |
| John D. McDonald | 1922 | 1923 | Commander Scouting Fleet |
| Hilary P. Jones | June 1921 | December 1922 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet |
| Admiral Henry B. Wilson | July 1919 | June 1921 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet |
| Admiral Henry T. Mayo | June 1916 | July 1919 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet |
| Rear Adm. Frank F. Fletcher | September 1914 | June 1916 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet |
| Rear Adm. Charles J. Badger | January 1913 | September 1914 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet |
| Rear Admiral Hugo Osterhaus | June 1911 | January 1913 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet |
| Rear Admiral Seaton Schroeder | March 1909 | June 1911 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet |
| Rear Adm. Charles S. Sperry | May 1908 | March 1909 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet |
| Rear Adm. Robley D. Evans | March 1905 | May 1908 | Commander in Chief, US Atlantic Fleet |
Web links
- Official website of the US Fleet Forces Command (English)
- Information on GlobalSecurity.com (English)
US Army Forces Command (FORSCOM) |
Fleet Forces Command (USFLTFORCOM) |
Air Combat Command (ACC) |
USMC Forces Command (MARFORCOM) |
United States Special Operations Command - Joint Forces Command 
